Arsenic, widely present in the environment, affects approximately 100–200 million people globally. Chronic exposure to high concentrations can lead to cancers and other adverse health effects.
The presence of β-sitosterol in edible oils is not only significant for its health benefits, including the potential lowering of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, but also for its role in authenticating oils.
The 3D human breast organoid model is an advanced technology that has improved the study of native human breast tissue and function.
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) impacts millions across the globe, with its emergence during adolescence posing profound implications for long-term mental health and overall well-being. While a substantial amount of research has investigated the structural and functional alterations in the brain linked to MDD, our recent study breaks new ground. It offers a comprehensive exploration of topological changes in brain networks associated with this disorder.
A life cycle assessment of Pidgeon magnesium in China was conducted to find the key factors for the low carbonization and green development of the magnesium production technology. The improved magnesium production technology routes were additionally designed to address the challenges of climate change and carbon finance markets.
Urinary biomarkers have the potential to surpass serum biomarkers in disease diagnosis and monitoring. This review highlights their non-invasive, stable, and specific nature. It explores a range of urinary biomarkers, such as proteins, genes, metabolites, electrolytes, and extracellular vesicles, showing their superiority.
In a ground-breaking first, researchers have fabricated a scalable nanocellulose based aerogel film radiative cooler with strong light scattering ability. These coolers not only show well passive cooling capacity but exhibit superior anti-dust performance for longtime using.
This is the first study to explore age- and sex- specific percentile normative values for VJ and SR in an unselected Chinese population across a wide age-spectrum.
High-efficiency scattering exceptional point (EP) at non-Hermitian metasurface has numerous alluring optical properties but still is unexplored in the visible. Scientists in China and Singapore reported a universal paradigm for achieving a high-efficiency EP in the visible by leveraging interlayer loss to accurately control the interplay between the lossy structure and scattering lightwaves. This work paves a new avenue toward the design of versatile optical metasurface platforms involving the EP or higher-order EP.
Multimode fiber (MMF) lasers can be invaluable for various applications, including high-energy pulse generation, precision measurement, and nonlinear microscopy. They also serve as an outstanding testbed for nonlinear spatiotemporal physics. The generation of ultrashort pulses in nonlinear multimode resonators relies upon spatiotemporal mode-locking (STML), which involves synchronization in both spatial and temporal dimensions. This review focuses on the fundamentals of STML, with a particular emphasis on the dynamics under large intermode dispersion. Recent progresses in spatiotemporal measurement techniques, exotic nonlinear dynamics of spatiotemporal dissipative solitons (STDS), and spatial mode engineering in MMF lasers are covered. We also provide an outlook on future perspectives for STML.
This research delves into the impact of video content sponsorship and sponsorship disclosure on consumer engagement by analyzing nearly 30,000 videos on the Bilibili platform. The results indicate that video sponsorships have a significantly negative impact on consumer engagement.
Beta-diversity of biological assemblages is central to biogeography and ecology. Researchers from Illinois State Museum in the US and Chongqing University in China have presented a set of novel global maps showing geographic patterns of genus-based beta-diversity of flowering plants.
This study introduces a novel, fully data-driven methodology utilizing Search Big Data to approximate economic indicators in real-time, achieving successful nowcasting of Japanese economic indicators even during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research reveals the significant impact of libidinal drives and entertainment pursuits on economic indicators and demonstrates consistent performance, adapting to rapid fluctuations and unexpected circumstances, thus transcending limitations of existing forecasting methodologies.
During railway operations, the traffic flow might be disrupted by unexpected events.
The by-product of financial advice, known as a Statement of Advice (SOA), serves as a written documentation of financial guidance provided to consumers. Its primary purpose is to ensure accountability for regulatory compliance and consumer protection, as outlined in the Corporations Act (2001) of Australia. However, due to the intricate nature of mandatory disclosure requirements, SOA documents tend to be extensive and pose challenges in both their creation and comprehension by consumers. Indeed, recent studies have indicated a decline in the recording of consumer relationships within the Australian financial practice.
An ideal radiative cooler requires accurate spectral control capability with high efficiency, stability, and scalability. Flexible cooling films represent a cost-effective solution but lack of accuracy in spectral control. Polymer metasurface with periodically arranged three-dimensional (3D) trench structures made by roll-to-roll printing can provide high-performance radiative cooling. The impressive cooling power and temperature deduction on a clear sky midday have been achieved, promising broad practical applications in energy saving and passive heat dispersion fields.
In a ground-breaking first, researchers have carried out hyper-gravity experiment of solute transport in 3D printed fracture network model with geotechnical centrifuge under hyper-gravity environment. This study not only validated the stability of contaminant transport in 3D printed fracture model under high hyper-gravity, but verified the feasibility of using geotechnical centrifuge modeling technique to evaluate the long-term barrier performance of low-permeability fractured rocks.
Soybeans, essential in numerous Asian diets and a critical global source for livestock feed, are celebrated for their rich protein and oil contents. Given the significant health benefits of carotenoids – notably their association with reduced disease risks – it's crucial to comprehend the diverse presence of these compounds in soybeans.
The article briefly analyzes the reasons for the limitation of the development of spatial resolution performance of Raman distributed optical fiber sensors, summarizes the corresponding solutions in recent years, and proposes a high spatial resolution Raman distributed optical fiber sensing technology based on the chaotic correlation method.
Nonlinear exciton polaritons in TMDs microcavities provide a versatile platform for exploring interacting many-body phenomena. To achieve an appropriate combination of strong nonlinearity with the thermal stability of the polaritons, scientists from Tsinghua University, Wuhan University and Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences jointly developed the artificial mesa cavities to manipulate the nonlinear interaction and the macroscopic coherence of polaritons at ambient conditions. This work will stimulate more developments in realistic polaritonic applications based on the TMDs microcavities.
The direct lasing outside the fluorescence spectrum is deemed impossible owing to the ‘zero-gain’ cross-section.
The delicate balance between nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in our environment, known as the N:P ratio, has long been understood in the context of nature and food. But a new study suggests that this balance might have far-reaching impacts on our health, influencing everything from the rise of certain cancers to the spread of infectious diseases like malaria and Zika.
Huge quantities of mung bean starch production result in ecological pollution and protein resource wastage. In response, scientists have devised a solution: MBP-Ca, an efficient calcium supplement derived from mung beans.
Electro-optic modulators are key components in data communication and microwave photonics. Large modulation bandwidth, high energy efficiency, and compact device footprint are crucial metrics of a modulator.
One intrinsic yet critical issue that troubles the field of optical microscopy is the anisotropic 3D resolution, which severely deteriorates the visualization and analysis of 3D volume images.
Rabi oscillation is an important wave phenomenon in different disciplines. The wave states in the Rabi oscillations have been revealed as spin waves and orbital waves, while a Rabi wave state merging the spin and orbital angular momentum has remained elusive.
Proton therapy is an advanced form of radiation therapy that uses protons instead of X-rays to treat cancer. Due to its precise nature, it significantly reduces damage to surrounding normal tissue. The Bragg peak of proton beams ensures that there's almost no dose after the peak, protecting essential organs from unnecessary radiation.
This is the first to explore the potential relationship between DED and air pollution and meteorological conditions in cold region of Northeast China. The incidence of DED is positively correlated with PM10, CO, O3, air pressure, air temperature and wind speed. The combined impacts of PM10, NO2, air pressure and air temperature are stronger. This study provides a reference for air pollution prevention and climate control, highlighting the importance of coupling study for drug development and risk prediction.
Thin-film lithium niobate (TFLN) is considered as a promising platform for photonics integrated circuits due to its tight mode confinement, high nonlinear efficiency and wide transparency window. Chinese scientists have recently reported an ultra-wideband waveguide-coupled photodiode on the TFLN platform.
High-performance thin-film lithium niobate optical modulators have emerged that are highly expected to satisfy the ever-growing demand for high-capacity optical interconnects utilizing multiple channels in parallel.
With the continuous growth of global energy demand and the increasing depletion of onshore oil resources, people are turning their attention to the vast oceans. Deep-sea oil and gas resources are extremely abundant worldwide.
Researchers led by Prof. GAO Xiang from the Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (SIAT) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Prof. LU Lu from the Harbin Institute of Technology have proposed a novel method to transform wastewater contaminants into valuable chemicals using sunlight, thus paving the way for sustainable and eco-friendly chemical manufacturing.
Perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) are one of the most promising new display technologies, while the performance of their blue devices is a key obstacle to practical applications. Scientists in China comprehensively summarized three main technical routes (compositional engineering, dimensional control, size confinement) towards blue perovskites and the latest progress of blue PeLED.
Filterless light-ellipticity-sensitive optoelectronic response generally has low discrimination, thus severely hindering the development of monolithic polarization detectors.
Photonic crystal structures have excellent light control properties and are hot topics in the field of photonics. For the preparation of photonic crystal structures with nanoscale three-dimensional spatial resolution inside the crystal, new femtosecond laser processing technologies are urgently needed.
This paper offers an extensive review of ChatGPT-related research, encompassing large language models like GPT-3.5 and GPT-4, with a particular emphasis on their cross-domain applications. The study highlights the increasing interest in research related to ChatGPT, which has potential across various domains.
A new method has been developed for fabricating 3D compound eyes. The technique uses a 3D laser to ablate a curved surface, followed by etching in acid. This method can produce high-quality 3D concave lens arrays that can be used to make soft compound eyes.
Sensors are widely used to acquire biological and environmental information in medical diagnosis, health, and environmental monitoring. Graphene has been widely applied in sensor fabrication recently.
A new laser-based process chain has been developed to fabricate fused silica optics. It uses a CO2 laser to ablate the surface of the optics for the precise removal of subsurface mechanical damage.
An ideal holographic 3D display should offer large viewing angle, full color, and low speckle noise. A new holographic 3D display system with a large viewing angle of 73.4° has been proposed. The system uses spatial light modulators (SLMs) and liquid crystal grating to achieve maximum diffraction modulation, which allows for a larger hologram size and a wider viewing angle. The proposed system has potential applications in education, culture, and entertainment.
Quantitative phase imaging (QPI) is a label-free computational technique frequently used for imaging cells and tissue samples while facing challenges when diffusive media obstruct the optical path. UCLA researchers, led by Prof. Aydogan Ozcan, reported a diffractive optical network that perform QPI through random unknown phase diffusers. The potential integration of QPI diffractive networks onto image sensors may enable existing optical microscopes to perform all-optical phase recovery and image reconstruction on a chip.
Interests surrounding the development of on-chip nonlinear optical devices have grown consistently in the past decades due to their tremendous applications. Developing efficient on-chip nonlinear optical devices for these applications is needed to improve the existing photonic approaches. The combination of well-known photonic chip design platforms and different two-dimensional layered materials has opened the road for more versatile and efficient structures and devices, which has the great potential to unlock numerous new possibilities.
The cyanobacterial origin of β-N-methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA), an environmental neurotoxin, remains controversial. With a carefully designed genetic system as a control, we found no evidence for the production of BMAA by cyanobacteria from lab cultures or bloom samples.
Single Cell Protein (SCP) is an alternative and eco-friendly protein source from microorganisms which can be produced by utilizing agro-industrial wastes. SCP presents multiple applications, including animal feed, human food, packaging and is characterized by a rich nutritional profile.
Researchers have proposed a novel strategy for the development of sustainable and degradable bioplastics. This starch plastics, which possess integrated advantages including superior flexibility, excellent thermal processability, waterproof capability, solvent resistance, and self-healing ability, demonstrate immense potential as a viable substitute to petroleum-based plastics.
This article reviews conservation measures taken in recent decade to protect waterbirds in China's coastal wetlands and provides recommendations for future conservation action from three aspects: policy and administration, habitat conservation and management, and multiparty participation.
Natural flood disasters were associated with increased new cases and deaths of enteric infections, neglected tropical diseases, and respiratory infections. Concerted efforts should be made to design better strategies for adaptation to prevent and control the outbreak of floods-related infectious disease and reduce their impact on health and life.
Clubmosses (Selaginella sensu lato) emerged over 383 million years ago in the Devonian Period, predating dinosaurs. These ancient vascular plants hold significant value in unraveling land plant evolution. Presently, Selaginella stands as the sole member of the Selaginellaceae family and Selaginellales order.
Nanosystems with opportunity to control their characteristics via combination of electrical/optical signals with external biasing is the next stage of nanophotonics evolution.
Lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles emerged recently as an attractive material platform for light emission. It underpins various innovative applications such as optical cryptography, luminescent probes, and lasing. An effective strategy for achieving ultrabright and dual-band polarized upconversion photoluminescence is presented.
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