Researchers from Johns Hopkins Medicine propose a novel approach to addressing the pressing issue of a kidney donor shortage through findings that suggest a promising method to expand the pool of available kidney donors by utilizing deceased donors on dialysis for kidney transplants.
Capturing three times more light: Empa and ETH researchers are developing an image sensor made of perovskite that could deliver true-color photos even in poor lighting conditions. Unlike conventional image sensors, where the pixels for red, green and blue lie next to each other in a grid, perovskite pixels can be stacked thus greatly increasing the amount of light each individual pixel can capture.
A cutting-edge method for Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) ambiguity resolution has been developed, promising to enhance the accuracy and reliability of urban positioning. This innovative approach addresses the longstanding challenge of obtaining precise location data in built-up environments where signals are often obstructed.
Researchers have collected and analyzed an unprecedented amount of data on SMS phishing attacks, shedding light on both the scope and nature of SMS phishing operations. The work also identifies avenues that law enforcement can use to address phishing operations.
PPPL scientists have developed a new theoretical model about the edge of a plasma, which can become unstable and potentially damage a fusion reactor. The model refines ideas about a critical obstacle on the path to harnessing clean energy from this fourth state of matter.
For the first time in the country, KIMM develops “three-dimensional acoustic intensity-based leak detection technology” for detecting pipeline damages. New technology can help to reduce costs by 30 percent, while enhancing safety by allowing prompt response to large-scale accidents at production facilities within the golden hour.
A research team led by Dr. Kim Eunjung at the Natural Products Informatics Research Center of the Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) has established a theoretical foundation for cancer treatment strategies following tumor evolution. They have developed a mathematical model to predict tumor evolution, considering the acquisition of resistance by cancer cells and their ability to alter phenotypic behavior (plasticity) during treatment.
Unlocking the biochemical secrets behind a perfect cup of black tea, scientists have identified the CsLOX6 gene as a master regulator in the formation of methyl jasmonate (MeJA), a key compound in tea's aroma. This breakthrough illuminates the intricate dance of genetics and chemistry that shapes the flavor profile of this globally adored drink.
World first research from the University of South Australia shows that antipsychotics can be reformulated with a strategically engineered coating that not only mitigates unwanted weight gain but also boosts serotonin levels by more than 250%.
The push for carbon neutrality in the transportation sector is driving significant research and development (R&D) across the globe. A new study provides a comprehensive analysis of the distinct national strategies and R&D organizational paradigms aimed at achieving carbon neutrality in road transport.
A strategy aimed at preventing restaurants and bars from serving alcohol to patrons who are already intoxicated does not appear to be effective, according to a study recently published in Alcohol: Clinical and Experimental Research.
A collaborative study has identified key policy tools and challenges in improving energy efficiency (EEI) for public buildings in China. The research, published in the City and Built Environment journal, offers a comprehensive analysis of the current state of EEI policy tools and proposes innovative solutions to overcome existing obstacles.
A new study has assembled a complete telomere-to-telomere (T2T) genome for the Chinese bayberry, offering profound insights into the genetic basis of its fruit quality. This research marks a significant stride in understanding and enhancing the nutritional and economic value of this subtropical fruit species.
A recent study by the University of South Australia has highlighted the significant benefits of humble leadership in the workplace.
Heavy alcohol use may be a key factor contributing to suicide among military personnel with untreated post-traumatic stress disorder. A study of active military personnel found that heavy drinking amplifies the relationship between PTSD symptoms and the severity of suicidal thoughts. The authors of the study, which is published in Alcohol: Clinical and Experimental Research, recommend that the military health system consider requiring screening for suicidal ideation and alcohol use in service members who may have post-traumatic stress disorder and further develop integrated treatment programs that simultaneously treat alcohol use disorder and PTSD.
The narrowing gap between binge drinking among adult women and men has been driven partly by women’s rising use of alcohol for social reasons—to have fun. In addition, women are increasingly using alcohol to relax or relieve tension, a new study has found. Alcohol use in the USA has increased steadily over the past 20 years, and excessive drinking underlies 1 in 8 deaths of working-age adults. The COVID-19 pandemic contributed to a 25% increase in alcohol-related deaths from 2019 to 2020. Overall, figures like these mask differences by age, however. For over four decades, alcohol use and binge drinking have declined among adolescents and early adults. But by age 30, that effect has plateaued or reversed. Binge drinking has risen more among women than men, narrowing the gender gap for reasons that haven’t been explained by broad societal trends (such as education, family timing, and gender roles). For the study in Alcohol: Clinical & Experimental Research, US researchers considered the
New insights on improving clinical outcomes and quality of life among breast cancer patients highlight the slate of new research presentations Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center experts will deliver at the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Annual Meeting at McCormick Place in Chicago next week.
InterQnet is a three-year initiative to demonstrate that quantum computers separated by large distances and even based on different hardware architectures can work in tandem.
Using a 26-year-old common garden forest, a multi-institutional team of researchers collected fine root samples from four temperate tree species (three deciduous and one coniferous) that varied in their morphology.
Undergoing surgery is seldom a pleasant experience, and it can sometimes be highly invasive. Surgical procedures have evolved steadily over the centuries, growing with the knowledge of anatomy and biology.
Nuclear physicists have long been working to reveal how the proton gets its spin. Now, a new method that combines experimental data with state-of-the-art calculations has revealed a more detailed picture of spin contributions from the very glue that holds protons together.
Repeated vaccination and infection leads T cells and B cells to build an "immunity wall"
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“The COAST study, which we began five years ago, involves patients who get chemotherapy and radiation therapy for lung cancer. And now we know that we can improve the outcome with a drug called durvalumab,” explained Dr. Herbst, who will present the findings at ASCO.
Protest movements that reject political parties have an unintended consequence, according to new research from the University of Notre Dame: They empower savvy politicians who channel them to shake up the status quo. The findings provide a framework for understanding recent global political realignments and offer lessons for activists who want to make a meaningful impact.
A new study(Link is external) (Link opens in new window) led by a UCLA-VA collaborative team looking at the landscape of genomic alterations in more than 5,000 veterans with metastatic prostate cancer uncovered differences in the genomic makeup of cancer cells that were associated with race and ethnicity.
A study led by UCLA Health Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center(Link opens in new window) researchers found that using a combination of experimental immunotherapy drugs with chemotherapy significantly improves progression-free survival and overall survival for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer who have previously undergone standard chemotherapy treatment when compared to those who received the targeted therapy regorafenib alone.
Exoplanets are planets beyond our solar system. To date, more than 5,000 of them have been identified. They are expected to form and orbit around stars, in a similar fashion to planets in our solar system. However, some appear “free-floating” in space, not bound to any host star. The puzzle to their formation was further deepened in fall 2023, when astrophysicists using the James Webb Space Telescope identified massive floating binary objects about the size of Jupiter – and dubbed them JuMBOs (Jupiter-mass binary objects).
Consuming raw cow's milk that contains H5N1 avian influenza virus poses an infection risk, but a laboratory process that simulates high-temperature pasteurization reduces the virus in infected milk by more than 99.99%. That's according to a team led by University of Wisconsin–Madison scientists, who reported their findings May 24 in a letter published in the New England Journal of Medicine.
Adults react differently to alcohol advertisements depending on how explicit or implicit the messaging is about the social pleasure of drinking and the possible health effects, a new study shows. Exposure to alcohol marketing is consistently linked to alcohol use. Research also suggests that alcohol advertising influences attitudes around alcohol, such as social norms or reasons for drinking. Policymakers’ options for lowering alcohol consumption and its harms include content controls on advertising. Restricting sales messages to facts about the product is known to reduce how persuasive it is among consumers. Mandating health warnings also increases consumers’ perceptions of risk and reduces the perceived benefits of drinking. No studies, however, have previously examined the effects of such content controls on consumers in the UK. In addition, most research has focused on young adults, yet adults in midlife and beyond may also be vulnerable to the effects of marketing. For the study i
The intricate nature of light, characterized by its intensity, polarization, and spectrum composition, holds profound importance across a range of scientific and technological disciplines. From enhancing optical communications to enabling precise chemical and biological characterization, a comprehensive understanding of light's properties is indispensable.
The Korea Institute of Energy Research develops a process to convert carbon dioxide into the antioxidant carotenoids using microorganisms. By using a carbon dioxide absorbent, the problem of low solubility is resolved, and the productivity of high-value substances is also improved. Published in the world-renowned journal in the field of chemistry, 'ChemSusChem
Hybrid poplar tissue culture regeneration involves intricate changes in DNA methylation, significantly impacting gene expression. This study reveals the dynamic epigenetic landscape during shoot organogenesis, offering crucial insights into allele-specific DNA methylation and its regulatory role in gene expression.
This study explores the mechanism by which exogenous methyl jasmonate (MeJA) enhances tomato resistance to saline-alkali stress. Researchers identified the transcription factor SlWRKY80 as a crucial regulator, which, when overexpressed, significantly improves the plant's tolerance.
Researchers have sequenced the genome of Populus pruinosa, a plant thriving in extreme deserts. The study reveals key genes for high salinity and drought adaptability. Analysis of individuals from various populations shows genetic differentiation driven by precipitation, offering insights for ecological conservation and genetic enhancement of desert poplars.
Researchers at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) introduce a polymer-based material with unique properties in the latest issue of the journal Nature Communications. This material allows sunlight to enter, maintains a more comfortable indoor climate without additional energy, and cleans itself like a lotus leaf. The new development could replace glass components in walls and roofs in the future
Over a fifth of Americans and Poles surveyed believed that COVID-19 vaccines can change people’s DNA. And more than half of Serbian people believed that natural immunity from COVID was better than being vaccinated. These figures come from a new report which examines the effects of populism on misinformation and other aspects of crisis communication around the coronavirus pandemic.
Splash a few drops of water on a hot pan and if the pan is hot enough, the water will sizzle and the droplets of water seem to roll and float, hovering above the surface.
Caterpillars respond defensively to electric fields similar to those emitted by their natural predators, scientists at the University of Bristol have found.
Support for retaining 26 January as Australia’s national day of celebration appears to be slipping, according to a new survey that shows growing numbers of people are open to changing the date out of respect for First Nations people.
A new study by UC Davis researchers finds key differences in the development of the cortex between autistic boys and girls ages 2-13.
ASCO: A new study highlights workplace discrimination reported by internationally trained female oncologists. Dr. Coral Olazagasti will present study findings that showed female oncologists reported much higher levels of gender or race/ethnicity-based discrimination than their male counterparts.
Quantum computing is on the brink of revolutionizing technology and science. It has, the potential to solve complex problems that are currently beyond the reach of classical computers
ASCO: Treatment options for multiple myeloma are shifting rapidly, with new patients increasingly being treated with a 4-part drug combination that includes a new immunotherapy agent. What does this mean for patients, and how will treatment change in the future?
Clinicians and scientists from Rutgers Cancer Institute and RWJBarnabas Health will lead sessions and present their latest discoveries from their innovative cancer research program at the 2024 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Annual Meeting, to be held in Chicago (and online) from May 30-June 4.
AT ASCO: A new treatment approach using an older drug may enable more patients with high-risk blood cancers to receive transplanted stem cells from unrelated, partially matched donors.
New research by Dana-Farber Cancer Institute investigators has encouraging news for young women who have survived breast cancer and want to have children.
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