Motivation: Clarifying how hematopoietic stem cells differentiate into mature cell types is important for understanding how they attain specific functions and offers the potential for therapeutic manipulation.
Experimental approaches for measuring single-cell gene expression can observe each cell at only one time point, requiring computational approaches for reconstructing the dynamics of gene expression during cell fate transitions.
Transforming growth factor-beta (TGFβ) is released from cells as part of a trimeric latent complex consisting of TGFβ, the TGFβ propeptides, and either a latent TGFβ binding protein (LTBP) or glycoprotein-A repetitions predominant (GARP) protein.
Intermittent fasting (IF) is a promising non-pharmacological strategy to counteract ageing which has been shown to increase the number of adult-born neurons in the dentate gyrus of mice.
Heart disease — the leading cause of death in the U.S. — is so deadly in part because the heart, unlike other organs, cannot repair itself after injury.
For the function of many biomolecules, their three-dimensional structure is crucial. Researchers are therefore not only interested in the sequence of the individual building blocks of biomolecules, but also in their spatial structure.
In a new study published in Science, a team of researchers from Harvard, University of Pittsburgh, University of California, Irvine and University of Zurich have come together to utilize a new, more advanced method to fabricate artificial tissues and organs. The researchers proposed the process of focused rotary jet spinning. This team included Qihan Liu, an assistant professor in the University of Pittsburgh Swanson School of Engineering.
Using a novel fabrication process, MIT researchers have produced smart textiles that snugly conform to the body so they can sense the wearer’s posture and motions.
We developed an on-slide decellularization approach to generate acellular extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds that can be repopulated with various cell types to interrogate cell-ECM interactions.
In the process of caner recovery, Huaier simultaneously promotes significant hair growth and restoration as a typical evidence of its efficacy on induced tissue regeneration and repair function.
Cerebral malaria-associated over expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines ultimately results in the up-regulation of adhesion molecules in the brain endothelium leading to sequestration of mature parasitized RBCs in the brain.
UC San Diego researchers describe a new method to identify all of the unidentified molecules derived from food, providing a direct way to link molecules in diet to health outcomes.
An interdisciplinary team of biologists, chemists and engineers from the University of Portsmouth have become the first to successfully grow a limpet inspired biomaterial with extreme strength.
In a proof-of-concept study, researchers from the University of Pennsylvania showed that a hands-free system could effectively automate the treatment and removal of tooth-decay-causing bacteria and dental plaque.
Groups (Grp) 3 and 4 are aggressive molecular subgroups of medulloblastoma (MB), with high rates of leptomeningeal dissemination. To date, there is still a paucity of biomarkers for these subtypes of MBs. The RNA-binding protein Musashi-1 (MSI1) is a neural stem cell marker, characterized as a gene translation regulator and associated with high oncogenicity in several human cancers.
TREM2 is an innate immune receptor expressed by microglia in the adult brain. Homozygous TREM2 mutations cause a rare leukodystrophy, Nasu-Hakola disease (NHD). Despite extensive investigation, the role of TREM2 in NHD pathogenesis remains poorly understood.
All living cells maintain a charge distribution across their cell membrane (membrane potential) by carefully controlled ion fluxes. These bioelectric signals regulate cell behavior (such as migration, proliferation, differentiation) as well as higher-level tissue and organ patterning. Thus, voltage gradients represent an important parameter for diagnostics as well as a promising target for therapeutic interventions in birth defects, injury, and cancer. However, despite much progress in cell and molecular biology, little is known about bioelectric states in human stem cells.
Lung adenocarcinoma is the most common and aggressive type of lung cancer with the highest incidence of bone metastasis. Epidermal growth factor‐like domain multiple 6 (EGFL6) is an exocrine protein, and the expression of EGFL6 is correlated with survival of patient with lung adenocarcinoma. However, the association between EGFL6 expression in lung adenocarcinoma and bone metastasis has not been investigated.
In the HyPERiON CRC coordinated by the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), researchers from KIT and the universities of Kaiserslautern, Konstanz and Stuttgart are jointly developing technology for compact high-performance magnetic resonance units. In the future, the devices could be used in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries, in medical practices or at border checkpoints. The German Research Foundation is funding the interdisciplinary group with more than 10.6 million euros for four years starting on July 1, 2022.
Introduction: Human adipose-derived stem cells have been identified as a promising candidate for cell-assisted therapy to improve graft survival. Human adipose-derived stem cells were added into filling materials.
Background Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) have been broadly applied in biomedicine in recent years, and their environmental exposure and toxicological impacts have raised increasing concerns.
Researchers at the Department of Energy’s Oak Ridge National Laboratory have definitively linked the function of a specific domain of proteins important in plant-microbe biology to a cancer trigger in humans, knowledge that had eluded scientists for decades.
The failure of diseased adult heart to regenerate is a major burden to our societies. Besides patients with ischemia and left ventricular (LV) dysfunction, progress in pediatric surgery to repair cardiac malformations has led to a growing population of now adult congenital heart diseases (CHD) patients with right ventricular (RV) failure.
Rett syndrome (RTT) is a rare disease and one of the most abundant causes for intellectual disa-bilities in females. Single mutations in the gene coding for methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (MECP2), are responsible for the disease.
Intratumoral heterogeneity can exist along multiple axes: Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs)/non-CSCs, drug-sensitive/drug-tolerant states and a spectrum of epithelial-hybrid-mesenchymal phenotypes.
WNT binding to Frizzleds (FZD) is a crucial step that leads to the initiation of signalling cascades governing multiple processes during embryonic development, stem cell regulation and adult tissue homeostasis. Recent efforts have enabled us to shed light on WNT-FZD pharmacology in overexpressed HEK293 cell systems.
Skeletal muscle regeneration requires the coordinated interplay of diverse tissue-resident- and infiltrating cells. Fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) are an interstitial cell population that provides a beneficial microenvironment for muscle stem cells (MuSCs) during muscle regeneration.
Sanfilippo syndrome type B (Mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIB or MPS IIIB) is a recessive genetic disorder that severely affects the brain due to a deficiency in the enzyme α-N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAGLU), leading to intralysosomal accumulation of partially degraded heparan sulfate.
A Northwestern University-led team of researchers has developed a small, soft, flexible implant that relieves pain on demand and without the use of drugs.
Scientists have developed a CRISPR-based technology that could offer a safer approach to correcting genetic defects. The new “soft” CRISPR system makes use of natural DNA repair machinery, providing a foundation for novel gene therapy strategies with the potential to cure genetic diseases.
Mavacamten (MAVA), Blebbistatin (BLEB), and Omecamtiv mecarbil (OM) are promising drugs directly targeting sarcomere dynamics, with demonstrated efficacy against hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) in clinical trials.
Clonal hematopoiesis resulting from enhanced fitness of mutant hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) associates with both favorable and unfavorable health outcomes related to the types of mature mutant blood cells produced, but how this lineage output is regulated is unclear.
The molecular mechanisms controlling the balance of quiescence and proliferation in adult neural stem cells (NSCs) are often deregulated in brain cancers such as glioblastoma (GBM).
Intramuscular fatty infiltration in muscle injuries and diseases, caused by aberrant adipogenesis of fibro-adipogenic progenitors, negatively impacts function.
A common feature in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract during allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is the loss of microbial diversity and emergence of opportunistic pathogens that can adversely impact survival.