Curated News: Cell (journal)

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Newswise: “Zone of uncertainty” in the brain influences its ability to form new memories
Released: 12-Jan-2023 4:05 PM EST
“Zone of uncertainty” in the brain influences its ability to form new memories
Albert Ludwigs Universität Freiburg

The neocortex is the largest and most complex part of the brain and has long been considered the ultimate storage site for long-term memories.

Newswise: Study reveals obesity-related trigger that can lead to diabetes
10-Jan-2023 2:00 PM EST
Study reveals obesity-related trigger that can lead to diabetes
Washington University in St. Louis

Researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis have found that a defect in an enzyme called APT1 interferes with the ability to secrete insulin, contributing to the development of Type 2 diabetes in people who are overweight or obese.

Newswise: Study sheds novel insights on the mechanism of melanin formation
Released: 10-Jan-2023 1:40 PM EST
Study sheds novel insights on the mechanism of melanin formation
Doshisha University

The skin is presumably the largest and one of the most versatile body organs. By providing a physical barrier, it protects our body from environmental assaults.

Released: 9-Jan-2023 5:10 PM EST
Research helps explain why obesity is more dangerous for men
York University

A newly published study from York University sheds light on the biological underpinnings in sex differences in obesity-related disease, with researchers observing “striking” differences in the cells that build blood vessels in the fatty tissue of male versus female mice.

Newswise: Ludwig Cancer Research Study Uncovers Novel Aspect of Tumor Evolution and Potential Targets for Therapy
Released: 5-Jan-2023 12:35 PM EST
Ludwig Cancer Research Study Uncovers Novel Aspect of Tumor Evolution and Potential Targets for Therapy
Ludwig Cancer Research

A Ludwig Cancer Research study has discovered that the immune system’s surveillance of cancer can itself induce metabolic adaptations in the cells of early-stage tumors that simultaneously promote their growth and equip them to suppress lethal immune responses.

Newswise: Microprotein increases appetite in mice
Released: 3-Jan-2023 2:55 PM EST
Microprotein increases appetite in mice
Salk Institute for Biological Studies

Obesity and metabolic diseases, such as diabetes, are extremely common in the United States.

   
Newswise: December Research Highlights
Released: 29-Dec-2022 5:45 PM EST
December Research Highlights
Cedars-Sinai

A roundup of the latest medical discoveries and faculty news at Cedars-Sinai.

Newswise: UT Southwestern immunologists uncover obesity-linked trigger to severe form of liver disease
Released: 27-Dec-2022 9:00 AM EST
UT Southwestern immunologists uncover obesity-linked trigger to severe form of liver disease
UT Southwestern Medical Center

UT Southwestern immunologists have uncovered a key pathogenic event prompted by obesity that can trigger severe forms of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and potential liver failure.

Released: 23-Dec-2022 9:05 AM EST
High levels of ammonia in colon tumors inhibits T cell growth and response to immunotherapy
Michigan Medicine - University of Michigan

High levels of ammonia in tumors leads to fewer T cells and immunotherapy resistance in mouse models of colorectal cancer, new findings from the University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center revealed. Researchers found that ammonia inhibits the growth and function of T cells, which are vital for anti-tumor immunity. The findings appear in Cell Metabolism.

Newswise: How nerve and vascular cells coordinate their growth
Released: 21-Dec-2022 4:45 PM EST
How nerve and vascular cells coordinate their growth
University of Bonn

Nerve cells need a lot of energy and oxygen. They receive both through the blood. This is why nerve tissue is usually crisscrossed by a large number of blood vessels.

   
Newswise: Humans continue to evolve with the emergence of new genes
Released: 20-Dec-2022 8:05 PM EST
Humans continue to evolve with the emergence of new genes
Cell Press

Modern humans evolutionarily split from our chimpanzee ancestors nearly 7 million years ago, yet we are continuing to evolve.

   
Newswise: Investigators Discover New Mechanism to Boost RNA Therapies
Released: 20-Dec-2022 11:05 AM EST
Investigators Discover New Mechanism to Boost RNA Therapies
Cedars-Sinai

Investigators from the Smidt Heart Institute at Cedars-Sinai have identified how biological pacemaker cells—cells that control your heartbeat—can “fight back” against therapies to biologically correct abnormal heartbeat rates.

Released: 20-Dec-2022 9:00 AM EST
Method Developed by Children’s Hospital Los Angeles Researchers Automates Brain Cell Mapping
Children's Hospital Los Angeles

Neuroscience graduate students at Children’s Hospital Los Angeles have developed an automated method that could save time and work for laboratories around the country by streamlining the process of identifying and mapping brain cells. Scientists want to understand how brain cells develop over time because the way these cells, called neurons, develop, influences how they function, or how they malfunction in neurodevelopmental disorders.

Newswise: Male wasps use genitalia to sting their predators
Released: 19-Dec-2022 3:45 PM EST
Male wasps use genitalia to sting their predators
Cell Press

Female bees and wasps use modified ovipositors, formerly used in egg laying, to sting their attackers, including people.

Released: 19-Dec-2022 1:35 PM EST
Paving the way for new drugs to treat a range of diseases
Argonne National Laboratory

Researchers from Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard, using Argonne’s Advanced Photon Source, have characterized the structure of integrins, a type of cell surface receptor involved in the immune response.

Released: 16-Dec-2022 6:35 PM EST
Why aren’t all black bears black?
HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology

Sometimes a name is just a name. Take bears, for example. In Yellowstone National Park, black bears outnumber their brownish-colored grizzly bear cousins, and in coastal areas of the Pacific Northwest, if someone says “brown bear,” they mean grizzly bear. But not all brown bears are grizzly bears.

Newswise: Climate change played key role in dinosaur success story
Released: 16-Dec-2022 6:20 PM EST
Climate change played key role in dinosaur success story
University of Birmingham

Climate change, rather than competition, played a key role in the ascendancy of dinosaurs through the Late Triassic and Early Jurassic periods.

Newswise: New Computer Model Tracks Origin of Cell Changes That Drive Development
Released: 9-Dec-2022 5:05 PM EST
New Computer Model Tracks Origin of Cell Changes That Drive Development
Johns Hopkins Medicine

Scientists at Johns Hopkins Medicine say they have developed a computer model — dubbed quantitative fate mapping — that looks back in the developmental timeline to trace the origin of cells in a fully grown organism.

Newswise:Video Embedded expanding-the-arsenal-of-drugs-against-covid-19
VIDEO
Released: 9-Dec-2022 4:40 PM EST
Expanding the arsenal of drugs against COVID-19
Tokyo Medical and Dental University

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, has been devastating the entire world.

Newswise: Your dog’s behavior is a product of their genes
Released: 8-Dec-2022 7:45 PM EST
Your dog’s behavior is a product of their genes
Cell Press

From the excitable sheep dog to the aloof Shiba Inu, and all breeds in between, dogs have unique and diverse behavioral traits.

Released: 8-Dec-2022 6:50 PM EST
Developmental Lung Cell Atlas uncovers 144 cell states
Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute

The developing human lung has been mapped in unprecedented detail, identifying 144 cell states in the early stages of life, and uncovering new links between developmental cells and lung cancer.

Newswise:Video Embedded slacstanford-researchers-discover-how-a-nano-chamber-in-the-cell-directs-protein-folding
VIDEO
7-Dec-2022 12:45 PM EST
SLAC/Stanford researchers discover how a nano-chamber in the cell directs protein folding
SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory

A landmark study by researchers at the Department of Energy’s SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and Stanford University reveals how a tiny cellular machine called TRiC directs the folding of tubulin, a human protein that is the building block of microtubules that serve as the cell’s scaffolding and transport system.

Newswise: Noteworthy Medical Research Discoveries From 2022
Released: 7-Dec-2022 12:40 PM EST
Noteworthy Medical Research Discoveries From 2022
Cedars-Sinai

Investigators at Cedars-Sinai conduct more than 2,500 research projects annually, and many of these studies have resulted in new treatments or have opened the door to future innovations.

Newswise:Video Embedded lji-scientists-confirm-smallpox-vaccine-also-teaches-t-cells-to-fight-mpox
VIDEO
Released: 6-Dec-2022 8:30 PM EST
LJI scientists confirm smallpox vaccine also teaches T cells to fight mpox
La Jolla Institute for Immunology

"Vaccines such as JYNNEOS should be able to induce T cells that also recognize mpox and can provide protection from severe disease."

   
Released: 2-Dec-2022 4:55 PM EST
Common immune cells can prevent intestinal healing
Karolinska Institute

B cells are critical to the proper functioning of the immune system.

Newswise: COVID-19 vaccine’s effectiveness diminishes with age, research shows
Released: 29-Nov-2022 4:00 PM EST
COVID-19 vaccine’s effectiveness diminishes with age, research shows
UT Southwestern Medical Center

The Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine limits transmission, hospitalization, and death from COVID-19 even among patients infected by variants of the virus, but the effectiveness of antibodies it generates diminishes as patients get older, according to a study by UT Southwestern researchers.

Newswise: Human evolution wasn’t just the sheet music, but how it was played
Released: 23-Nov-2022 4:30 PM EST
Human evolution wasn’t just the sheet music, but how it was played
Duke University

A team of Duke researchers has identified a group of human DNA sequences driving changes in brain development, digestion and immunity that seem to have evolved rapidly after our family line split from that of the chimpanzees, but before we split with the Neanderthals.

   
Newswise: Pair of Studies Uncover Surprising New Roles for Spinal Cord and Brainstem in Touch
18-Nov-2022 4:45 PM EST
Pair of Studies Uncover Surprising New Roles for Spinal Cord and Brainstem in Touch
Harvard Medical School

New research suggests spinal cord and brainstem are essential for processing touch signals as they travel to the brain

Released: 22-Nov-2022 2:35 PM EST
A growing trend of antibody evasion by new omicron subvariants
Ohio State University

Three currently circulating omicron subvariants of SARS-CoV-2 – including two that currently make up almost 50% of reported COVID-19 infections in the U.S. – are better at evading vaccine- and infection-generated neutralizing antibodies than earlier versions of omicron, new research suggests.

Newswise: HIV Infection Leaves a ‘Memory’ in Cells
Released: 22-Nov-2022 11:25 AM EST
HIV Infection Leaves a ‘Memory’ in Cells
George Washington University

Though antiretroviral therapy has made HIV a manageable disease, people living with HIV often suffer from chronic inflammation. This can put them at an increased risk of developing comorbidities such as cardiovascular disease and neurocognitive dysfunction, impacting the longevity and quality of their lives.

Released: 18-Nov-2022 11:05 AM EST
Rutgers Scientists Produce “DNA Virus Vaccine” to Fight DNA Viruses
Rutgers University-New Brunswick

Rutgers scientists have developed a new approach to stopping viral infections: a so-called live-attenuated, replication-defective DNA virus vaccine that uses a compound known as centanamycin to generate an altered virus for vaccine development.

Released: 17-Nov-2022 10:15 AM EST
Cleveland Researchers Discover New Oral Drug for Lowering Cholesterol
University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center

After statins, the next leading class of medications for managing cholesterol are PCSK9 inhibitors. These highly effective agents help the body pull excess cholesterol from the blood, but unlike statins, which are available as oral agents, PCSK9 inhibitors can only be administered as shots, creating barriers to their use.

Released: 16-Nov-2022 12:20 PM EST
Ancient disease has potential to regenerate livers, study finds
University of Edinburgh

Leprosy is one of the world’s oldest and most persistent diseases but the bacteria that cause it may also have the surprising ability to grow and regenerate a vital organ.

11-Nov-2022 6:25 PM EST
Two new studies from Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center show how bacteria could help tumors progress and resist treatment
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center

Two new studies from researchers at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center in Seattle reveal how bacteria infiltrate tumors and could be helping tumors progress and spread and suggest a link between oral health and cancer, as microbes in the mouth are associated with cancers elsewhere in the body. The two papers – one published Nov. 15 in Cell Reports and the other published Nov. 16 in Nature – focus on an oral bacterium called Fusobacterium nucleatum, which has been linked to colorectal cancer.

Newswise: In lung cancer, proteins may predict prognosis, improve treatment, diagnostics
15-Nov-2022 11:05 AM EST
In lung cancer, proteins may predict prognosis, improve treatment, diagnostics
Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USU)

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths globally and a top cause of cancer deaths in the Military Health System. However, the ability to determine which of these patients have aggressive tumors and which will respond better to certain treatments – could soon be available through the collective analysis of proteins and genomes, according to a new study published Nov. 15 in Cell Reports Medicine, led by researchers at the Uniformed Services University (USU).

Newswise: Genes to Potentially Diagnose Long-Term Lyme Disease Identified
14-Nov-2022 3:00 PM EST
Genes to Potentially Diagnose Long-Term Lyme Disease Identified
Mount Sinai Health System

Researchers at the Icahn Mount Sinai have identified 35 genes that are particularly highly expressed in people with long-term Lyme disease. These genes could potentially be used as biomarkers to diagnose patients with the condition, which is otherwise difficult to diagnose and treat. The findings, published November 15 in the journal Cell Reports Medicine, may also lead to new therapeutic targets. The study is the first to use transcriptomics as a blood test to measure RNA levels in patients with long-term Lyme disease.

Released: 14-Nov-2022 6:20 PM EST
Fluorescent mouse blood will help us gain knowledge about brain diseases
University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences

Did you ever think of jellyfish or a salamander as fluorescent? That is actually the case. Both animals have proteins in their bodies that enables them to light up.

   
Released: 10-Nov-2022 3:05 PM EST
Brain-gut connection may reveal way to prevent cocaine addiction
University of Wisconsin–Madison

Cocaine disrupts the balance of microbes in the guts of mice, part of a cycle of waxing and waning neurochemicals that can enhance the drug’s effects in the brain. But the same chemicals may also be harnessed to prevent addiction, according to new research from the University of Wisconsin–Madison.Cocaine increases levels of a hormone called norepinephrine in users’ intestines, triggering an explosion of growth of proteobacteria, a family of microbes that includes the common and sometimes harmful bacterium E.

Released: 8-Nov-2022 10:05 PM EST
Protein insights may boost lung cancer detection and treatment
University of Edinburgh

Scientists investigating the mechanics of the early stages of lung cancer have identified a new potential treatment, which could also aid early detection of the disease.

3-Nov-2022 1:05 PM EDT
Protected From a Form of Cell Death, Women are More Resilient to Kidney Disease
Duke Health

In the battle of the sexes, women beat men in their ability to recover from kidney injury, but the reasons are not well understood. A study led by Duke Health researchers provides some insights: Females, it turns out, have an advantage at the molecular level that protects them from a form of cell death that occurs in injured kidneys. This protection could be exploited as a potential therapeutic.

Newswise: Study Explores Sex Differences in the Effects of 
SARS-CoV-2 in Young Adults
Released: 7-Nov-2022 3:10 PM EST
Study Explores Sex Differences in the Effects of SARS-CoV-2 in Young Adults
Mount Sinai Health System

Suggests a more proactive, innate immune response among females

Released: 4-Nov-2022 6:15 PM EDT
Trinity Team Unearths Potential Secret to Viral Resistance
Trinity College Dublin

Scientists from Trinity College Dublin have unearthed a secret that may explain why some people are able to resist viral infections, having screened the immune systems of women exposed to hepatitis C (HCV) through contaminated anti-D transfusions given over 40 years ago in Ireland.

Newswise: Scientists Reveal Role of Key Brain Protein in Childhood Movement Disorder
Released: 3-Nov-2022 2:50 PM EDT
Scientists Reveal Role of Key Brain Protein in Childhood Movement Disorder
University of North Carolina School of Medicine

Scientists in the U.S. and UK illuminated the molecular events underlying an inherited movement and neurodegenerative disorder known as ARSACS – Autosomal recessive spastic ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay, named for two Quebec valleys where the first cases were found.

Released: 3-Nov-2022 12:55 PM EDT
Unlocking Hidden Connections Between Cell Death and Inflammation
Texas A&M University

As researchers glean new insights into the dynamic inner world of the human immune system, it has become increasingly clear that mitochondria are critical regulators of how our bodies respond to disease.

Newswise: Sites in the Brain Where RNA Is Edited Could Help to Better Understand Neurodevelopment and Disease, Researchers Have Found
27-Oct-2022 10:40 AM EDT
Sites in the Brain Where RNA Is Edited Could Help to Better Understand Neurodevelopment and Disease, Researchers Have Found
Mount Sinai Health System

Mount Sinai researchers have catalogued thousands of sites in the brain where RNA is modified throughout the human lifespan in a process known as adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) editing, offering important new avenues for understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms of brain development and how they factor into both health and disease.

Newswise: Defect in Gene Caused Massive Obesity in Mice Despite Normal Food Intake
Released: 28-Oct-2022 4:45 PM EDT
Defect in Gene Caused Massive Obesity in Mice Despite Normal Food Intake
UT Southwestern Medical Center

A faulty gene, rather than a faulty diet, may explain why some people gain excessive weight even when they don’t eat more than others, UT Southwestern researchers at the Center for the Genetics of Host Defense have discovered.

Newswise: Identity Theft the Secret of the Cat Parasite's Success
Released: 28-Oct-2022 3:50 PM EDT
Identity Theft the Secret of the Cat Parasite's Success
Stockholm University

The parasite Toxoplasma is carried by a large portion of the global human population.

Newswise: Study Identifies Key T Cells for Immunity Against Fungal Pneumonia
Released: 25-Oct-2022 5:05 PM EDT
Study Identifies Key T Cells for Immunity Against Fungal Pneumonia
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign

Researchers at the University of Illinois College of Veterinary Medicine have demonstrated in a mouse model that a specific type of T cell, one of the body’s potent immune defenses, produces cytokines that are necessary for the body to acquire immunity against fungal pathogens.



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