Resurrecting niobium for quantum science
Niobium has long been considered an underperformer in superconducting qubits. Scientists supported by Q-NEXT, a US DOE quantum center led by Argonne, have now engineered a high-quality niobium-based qubit, taking advantage of niobium's superior qualities.
Super Strong Magnetic Fields Leave Imprint on Nuclear Matter
A new analysis by the STAR collaboration at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC), a particle collider at the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Brookhaven National Laboratory, provides the first direct evidence of the imprint left by what may be the universe's most powerful magnetic fields on "deconfined" nuclear matter. The evidence comes from measuring the way differently charged particles separate when emerging from collisions of atomic nuclei at this DOE Office of Science user facility.
Physicists Remotely Sense Radioactive Decay to Probe Fundamental Forces and Particles
Two collaborations have pioneered a new technique, Cyclotron Radiation Emission Spectroscopy, to investigate the nature of fundamental particles and forces in the universe. The Project 8 collaboration set an upper limit on the mass of neutrinos. The He6-CRES collaboration observed the decay of radioactive isotopes of helium and neon to set the stage for investigating the weak interaction.
Air Pollution Hides Increases in Rainfall
In a new study, researchers broke down how human-induced greenhouse gas and aerosol emissions influence rainfall in the United States.
Human-AI coworking
Though artificial intelligence decreases human error in experimentation, human experts outperform AI when identifying causation or working with small data sets. To capitalize on AI and researcher strengths, ORNL scientists, in collaboration with colleagues at National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan, and the University of Tennessee, Knoxville, developed a human-AI collaboration recommender system for improved experimentation performance.
Engineers use AI to wrangle fusion power for the grid
A Princeton-led team composed of engineers, physicists, and data scientists from the University and the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL) have harnessed the power of artificial intelligence to predict -- and then avoid -- the formation of a specific plasma problem in real time.
Surprising Strategies: Scientists Quantify the Activity of Algal-Associated Bacteria at the Microscale
Microalgae in water are responsible for roughly 50% of the photosynthesis that converts carbon dioxide from the atmosphere into organic carbon. Researchers have now quantified the activity in the microbiome associated with these microalgae to investigate how the microbiome's members process and exchange carbon and nitrogen from algal cells. They used isotopes and high-resolution imaging mass spectrometry to quantify these exchanges at the single-cell level.
Fair Play for Data: Researchers Develop Practical FAIR Principles for Data Sets
Researchers studying complex phenomena such as the Higgs boson must work with massive experimental data sets. To help, researchers have defined practical FAIR (findable, accessible, interoperable, reusable) principles for data and applied the principles to an open simulated tktk from CERN. FAIR will help humans and computers use large data sets, enable modern computers to process these data sets, and aid the development of artificial intelligence tools.
ORNL study projects geothermal heat pumps' impact on carbon emissions and electrical grid by 2050
A modeling analysis led by the Department of Energy's Oak Ridge National Laboratory gives the first detailed look at how geothermal energy can relieve the electric power system and reduce carbon emissions if widely implemented across the United States within the next few decades.
First-ever atomic freeze-frame of liquid water
A multi-institutional team reports the first look at electrons moving in real time in liquid water. Their findings could affect studies of radiation-induced processes, such as those in space travel, cancer treatments, nuclear reactors and legacy waste.
First-Ever Atomic Freeze-Frame of Liquid Water
Scientists stop the motion of atoms to watch electrons move in liquid water.
A battery's hopping ions remember where they've been
Scientists discover that ions hopping through a battery electrolyte can reverse direction in response to a jolt of voltage and briefly return to their previous positions - .the first indication that the ions remembered, in a sense, where they had just been.
Methane Emissions from Wetlands Increase Significantly over High Latitudes
Wetlands are Earth's largest natural source of methane, a potent greenhouse gas that is about 30 times more powerful than carbon dioxide at warming the atmosphere. A research team analyzed wetland methane emissions data across the entire Boreal-Arctic region and found that these emissions have increased approximately nine percent since 2002.
Scientists Locate the Missing Mass Inside the Proton
A proton's core consists of three valence quarks, but they contribute only a small fraction of the proton's mass. Most of the mass emerges from intricate quark dynamics and is primarily governed by the strong force mediated by gluons.
Argonne scientists use AI to identify new materials for carbon capture
Researchers at the U.S. Department of Energy's Argonne National Laboratory have used new generative AI techniques to propose new metal-organic framework materials that could offer enhanced abilities to capture carbon
Uncovering insights about prostate cancer risk and genetic ancestry
Argonne National Laboratory researchers have made new discoveries about the risks of prostate cancer in people with different genetic backgrounds.
Researchers Directly Detect Interactions Between Viruses and their Bacterial Hosts in Soils
Bacteriophages are common in soil ecosystems, but many of these phages and the bacteria they target have not been identified.
CyberShake study uses Summit supercomputer to investigate earthquake hazards
Researchers at the Statewide California Earthquake Center, or SCEC, are unraveling the mysteries of earthquakes by using physics-based computational models running on high-performance computing systems at the Department of Energy's Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The team's findings will provide a better understanding of seismic hazards in the Golden State.
How the Quantum World Can Help Scientists Engineer Biology
By studying how CRISPR-Cas works, scientists can predict and design where these tools modify DNA.
Results from South Pole Telescope's new camera emerge
A newly published study led by researchers from Argonne National Laboratory details early measurements from a new camera at the South Pole Telescope.
New process allows full recovery of starting materials from tough polymer composites
In a win for chemistry, inventors at the Department of Energy's Oak Ridge National Laboratory have designed a closed-loop path for synthesizing an exceptionally tough carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer and later recovering all of its starting materials.
Protecting the Protector Boosts Plant Oil Content
Biologists at the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Brookhaven National Laboratory have demonstrated a new way to boost the oil content of plant leaves and seeds.
Gluon Spins Align with the Proton They're In
Scientists have new evidence that gluons have a positive spin polarization, meaning the spins of individual gluons are aligned in the same direction as the spin of the proton they are in.
Getting to know the 'ghost' inside batteries
Argonne researchers have shed important new light on what the early signs of battery failure look like.
Artificially intelligent software provides a detailed look at jets of plasma used to treat cancer
Artificially intelligent software has been developed to enhance medical treatments that use jets of electrified gas known as plasma. Developed by researchers at Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory and the George Washington University, the computer code predicts the chemicals emitted by cold atmospheric plasma devices, which can be used to treat cancer and sterilize surfaces.