American Journal of Public Health: June 1998 Highlights. Trends in Student Marijuana Use. Smoking and Breast-feeding Increases Infant's Exposure to Tobacco Products 10-Fold. Teens Have Less Sex And Use Condoms More Often. Aerobic Exercise at School Lowers Blood Pressure in High-Risk Girls.
The American Public Health Association is seeking entries for the 1998 Ray Bruner Science Writing Award. Journalists early in their health/science/medical reporting career should submit entries for the $1,500 award by August 7, 1998.
1) SIDS deaths still disproportionately affect babies from lower socioeconomic families; 2) Health clubs not easily accessible to people with disabilities; 3) Adults with mental disorders more likely to be victims of violent crime; 4) Racial, ethnic and socioeconomic disparities persist in disability among elderly.
1) Body Mass Index not an accurate measure of disease risk; 2) Lowering legal drinking age increases teens' car crash risk; 3) Breastfeeding critical to children's health in some countries hard hit by HIV; 4) Low socioeconomic status may increase heart attack and stroke risk for men.
1) New York subway injuries offer prevention lessons; 2) Patients should be allowed to use their own terms when describing race/ethnicity; 3) Childhood poverty doubles obesity risk among black women; 4) Similar stigma attached to AIDS and SARS.
1) Obesity Increases male drivers' death risk; 2) Breastfeeding less likely for U.S.-born moms; 3) Increasing SCHIP premiums leads to more cost, less care access; 4) Lack of trust a barrier to care; 5) Pool drownings still disproportionately affect black males.
1) Gastric bypass surgery rates skyrocket in recent years; 2) Outdoor falls an overlooked health problem for middle-aged and older adults; 3) Blacks and less educated elderly patients more likely to be placed in poorest-quality nursing homes; 4) Lack of driving increases risk for long-term care entry among elderly; 5) Canadians fare better than Americans on health care access
1) "Light" cigarettes may actually hamper efforts to quit smoking; 2) Job strain can lead to high blood pressure; 3) American Indian/Alaska Natives face formidable health and social disparities; 4) Tobacco and alcohol ads still prevalent during televised sports; 5) Homeless moms faring even worse than a decade ago
1) Obesity takes a higher health toll on women; 2) Fewer exercise options in lower-income and predominantly minority neighborhoods; 3) Watching television may drain time that could be spent exercising; 4) Most consumers underestimate calories, fat in restaurant food; menus could help; 5) Inadequate asthma control could put kids at risk for school difficulties.
1) Folic acid may protect against birth defects, but intake still falls short of goals; 2) Women and substance abuse: did welfare reform make a difference?; 3) Tobacco companies may use smoke and mirrors to appear to comply with health demands; 4) Upward social mobility helps lower risk of low birthweight, but not for black women.
1) Poor People in Well-to-Do Neighborhoods at Increased Risk of Death; 2) Tobacco companies' anti-smoking ads may actually encourage youth smoking; 3) Physicians often skip giving smoking cessation advice, especially to Hispanic patients; 4) American Indian/Alaska Native infants still face higher death rates; 5) Women with high-powered careers less likely to carry Down syndrome baby to term.
1) Declines in teen pregnancy tied to abstinence or contraception? 2) Moms' obesity ups risk of preterm birth; 3) Youth tobacco cessation programs least likely in areas that need them most; 4) Drug treatment for non-violent offenders may displace others in need; 5) Children and grandchildren of immigrants face increased risk for mental disorders.
1) Kids' obesity problems begin as young as age 3, mother's weight a big factor; 2) Labor policies putting kids at injury risk, especially on family farms; 3) As people are living longer, caregiving is becoming a bigger health issue; 4) Black women are up to four times more likely to die from pregnancy-related conditions than white women; 5) Changes needed to prevent millions of child deaths.
1) Workplace smoking increases fellow workers' lung cancer risk; 2) Public parks one key to physical activity in minority communities; 3) Communication failure undermines effectiveness of mammography screening in some black women.
(1) Children gain weight faster during summer vacation; (2) Social change could trump medical advances in saving lives; (3) Neighborhood has impact on black women's risk for hypertension; (4) States can succeed in insuring kids; (5) Warnings of increased suicide risk didn't dampen antidepressant prescriptions.
1) When Husbands Help with Housework, Wives Are Happier; 2) Healthy Habits Might Stave Off Depression; 3) Older Women Need a Little Meat on Their Bones; 4) More Nurses Leaving Poor Countries to Work in the United States; 5) United States Needs Comprehensive Policy on Discrimination.
Discussed in this issue: [1] State pandemic flu plans fail to address important ethical issues. [2] Many Hurricane Katrina evacuees suffered psychologically, many for years. [3] Another lesson from Katrina: New Orleans blacks failed to evacuate for complex reasons. [4] States hampered in efforts to track, respond to non-communicable diseases.
1) Gay and lesbian health issues getting short shrift at U.S. Schools of Public Health; 2) Early condom use bodes well for adolescents' sexual health; 3) Survivors of childhood sexual abuse more likely to engage in risky behaviors; 4) Racial/ethnic disparities persist in HIV's impact on gay and bisexual men (5) Lesbians more likely to be overweight or obese
1) Racial Discrimination Can Take Long-term Health Toll; 2) Mothers with Young Children Are Especially Vulnerable to Poor Mental Health 3) Drug Use an Increasing Threat to Young American Indians 4) Physician Distrust Varies Across Racial Groups and Geographic Locations
(1) Smoke-free laws don't hurt bars' profits or resale value; (2) Inner-city black youth face extra barriers when trying to quit smoking; (3) Large cigarette tax increases may reduce smoking but also lead to bootlegging; (4) Rising obesity rates not tied to drop in cigarette smoking; (5) Smokers looking to kick the habit should consider banning cigarettes at home.
1) Cigarette additives could be making it tougher for smokers to quit; 2) Contract workers not subject to same safety oversight as DOE staff; 3) Already high murder rate increased in New Orleans after Katrina; 4) Primary seatbelt enforcement laws increase seatbelt use; 5) Providing safe play spaces helps inner-city kids be more active
1) Alcohol and drug use more prevalent among Mexican migrants and their family members than other Mexicans; 2) Higher-educated individuals less likely to be persistent cocaine users; 3) Increasing cigarette prices don't discourage low-income smokers; 4) Lack of universal access to new AIDS drugs has exacerbated health disparities; 5) Damp, moldy houses may contribute to depression.
1) Work Stress May Increase Risk of Depression; 2) Climate Change May Cause Significant Increase in Heat-related Premature Mortality by the 2050S; 3) Working Adolescents More Likely than Their Non-working Peers to Smoke Cigarettes; 4) Individuals with a High Fear of Crime Twice as Likely to Suffer from Depression; 5) Verbal Abuse by Teacher During Childhood May Increase Risk of Early Sexual Intercourse
Physicians moving from developing countries to work in the United States, Canada, Australia and the United Kingdom are more likely to originate from wealthier developing countries than less developed countries. These findings, from a new study published today in the American Journal of Public Health, are the first to indicate that physician migration from developing to developed countries is a differential phenomenon that mirrors the source countries' capacities and economic, social and health status.
1) Nearly 1.8 million U.S. veterans without health care coverage; 2) Younger white male veterans at increased risk of suicide; 3) Eleven percent of men in the United States have had concurrent sexual partners in the past year; 4) Parents less likely than non-parenting adults to suffer serious psychological distress; 5) Blacks 35 percent more likely to leave hospitals against medical advice.
According to new research presented at the American Public Health Association's Annual Meeting & Exposition in Washington, D.C., 33 percent of the most popular songs of 2005 portrayed substance use.
According to new research, New York and the District of Columbia top the list of counties with the greatest disparity between the percentages of black and white residents who are obese.
Physical dating violence (PDV) affects almost one in every 11 adolescents, according to research presented at the American Public Health Association's 135th Annual Meeting in Washington, D.C. In the study population of male and female students in grades 9 through 12, 9 percent of boys and 9.2 percent of girls reported being vitims of PDV.
Just in time for flu season, a new study shows that, with a little effort, kids can be taught to make hand washing a habit. The findings, presented at the American Public Health Association's Annual Meeting & Exposition in Washington, D.C., show that a simple, low-cost intervention can result in big hygiene changes.
Among adolescents who have attempted suicide, white youths are most likely to have reported receiving mental health services, according to a new study presented at the APHA Annual Meeting in Washington, D.C. Additionally, researchers found that less than half of the youths in the study received any treatment for their suicidal behaviors in the year preceding the interview.
1) Immigrant children at higher risk of lead poisoning; 2) Nearly 60 percent of trafficked women suffer from posttraumatic stress; 3) Increased health care spending in developing countries not enough to increase utilization of skilled birth attendants; 4) Early and late sexual debut associated with problems in sexual functioning.
(1) Poor and uninsured less likely than wealthy and insured to receive free prescription drug samples (2) Events of September 11 continue to negatively affect mental health of Americans (3) Distribution of commercial hospital discharge packs inhibits exclusive breastfeeding (4) Young adults more likely than older adults to quit smoking successfully.
1) Health effects of obesity may be related to body image 2) Public health approach to climate change proposed 3) Children in child welfare system likely to maintain health coverage 4) Smokeless tobacco ads continue to target youths.
1) Time spent in physical education does not negatively affect academic performance 2) Postdeployment screenings may increase mental health clinic attendance among veterans 3) Name-based HIV reporting and partner notification policies do not affect testing rates 4) Rapid HIV testing is not widely available in community health clinics
1) A substantial proportion of school districts conduct random drug tests; 2) Gender differences found in the effect of childhood adversity on adult mental health; 3) Foreign birth may protect against substance use; 4) Black veterans less likely to receive antiviral treatment for Hepatitis C than white veterans.
1) Significant proportion of U.S. population reports prescription medication sharing; 2) Young adult men who have sex with men experience high levels of hate crimes; 3) Meeting partners both online and offline associated with higher sexual risk among men who have sex with men.
1) Social connections delay memory loss among elderly Americans; 2) Multilevel community-based intervention significantly increases interest in influenza vaccination in hard-to-reach populations; 3) Increased risk of institutionalization high immediately after the death of a spouse.
(1) Motorcycle helmet laws save lives: Case study in Pennsylvania (2) Anti-smoking advertising and raising cigarette prices reduces smoking prevalence (3) Purchasing power influenced by calorie information: It worked for Jared! (4) Foreign-born women more likely to be victims of intimate partner homicide in New York City
1) Effects on mental health assessed after the devastating tsunami in Sumatra; 2) Menthol in cigarettes promotes smoking among adolescents and young adults;3) Neighborhood psycosocial hazards connected to cardiovascular disease: Case study in Baltimore; 4) U.S. child labor violations found in the retail and service industries.
1) HIV stigma may be lessened by access to antiretroviral therapy; 2) U.S. women significantly increase use of contraceptive services; 3) Breastfeeding varies dramatically by State in initiation and duration; 4) Female condom skill training reduces unprotected sex acts in women.
1) Existing disparities in health care access persist along the U.S.-Mexican border; 2) U.S. Spanish-speaking population faces greater challenges in health care access; 3) Immigrant children increasingly uninsured; 4) Neighborhood environment plays a role in weight status.
1) Steroid use may be connected to increased violence in U.S. young adult males; 2) Another reason to quit: Smoking may be linked to higher cognitive decline; 3) Ex-prisoners experience higher mortality rate than general population; 4) Ethnic disparities in access to care remain in post-Apartheid South Africa.
Children who are breastfed are less likely to suffer from behavioral or mental health issues than those who are not breastfed, according to new research presented at the American Public Health Association's 136th Annual Meeting & Exposition in San Diego.
Each year, women experience about 4.8 million intimate partner related physical assaults and rapes. Women with a disability are more likely to experience intimate partner violence (IPV) than those without a disability, says a new study presented at the American Public Health Association's 136th Annual Meeting & Exposition in San Diego.
According to preliminary research results from the Department of Veterans Affairs presented at the American Public Health Association's 136th Annual Meeting & Exposition in San Diego, approximately 15 percent of recently returned female veterans utilizing the VA health care system report experiencing sexual trauma during military service.
From SpongeBob to Dora and from Frosted Flakes to Count Chocula, cartoon characters and names that imply a sugary taste are widely used to market cereal to kids. New research presented at the American Public Health Association's 136th Annual Meeting & Exposition shows that these strategies can have a significant affect on children's assessment of taste.
A new research study presented at the American Public Health Association's 136th Annual Meeting & Exposition has found that youths with minimal exposure to violence in movies, television, music, games and Web sites are significantly less likely to report violent and aggressive behaviors than those exposed to more violent media.
1) Association of body weight to smoking and mental health differs by gender; 2) Intimate partner violence increases risk for maternal maltreatment of children; 3) Absence of Medicaid coverage impacts neonatal male circumcision rates; 4) Terrorism-related fear and avoidance behavior disproportionately experienced by vulnerable populations.
1) School-based screenings helpful component for identifying at-risk students; 2) Close proximity to alcohol outlets puts adolescents at greater risk; 3) Child safety seats offer a safer ride than seat belts for children; 4) Higher socioeconomic status linked to healthier behaviors.
1) Corporate credibility campaigns attempt to legitimize disease promotion; 2) U.S. immigrant children vulnerable to food insecurity and poor health; 3) Proximity of fast-food restaurants to schools increases adolescent obesity.
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