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Released: 27-Jul-2017 4:55 PM EDT
Even Babies Can Tell Who's the Boss, UW Research Says
University of Washington

University of Washington researchers have found that the trait of social dominance, and the dynamics surrounding it, may be so naturally ingrained that toddlers as young as 17 months old not only can perceive who is dominant, but also anticipate that the dominant person will receive more rewards.

24-Jul-2017 1:05 PM EDT
Milky Way's Origins Are Not What They Seem
Northwestern University

In a first-of-its-kind analysis, Northwestern University astrophysicists have discovered that up to half of the matter in our Milky Way galaxy may come from distant galaxies. As a result, each one of us may be made in part from extragalactic matter. Using supercomputer simulations, the researchers found an unexpected mode for how galaxies acquired matter: intergalactic transfer. Supernova explosions eject copious amounts of gas from galaxies, causing atoms to be transported from one galaxy to another via powerful galactic winds.

24-Jul-2017 10:00 AM EDT
Researchers Develop DNA Sunscreen That Gets Better the Longer You Wear It
Binghamton University, State University of New York

Why use regular sunscreen when you can apply a DNA film to your skin? Researchers at Binghamton University, State University of New York have developed a coating made out of DNA that gets better at protecting skin from Ultraviolet light the more you expose it to the sun, and it also keeps your skin hydrated.

   
Released: 25-Jul-2017 9:00 AM EDT
New Shark Species Glows in the Dark, Weighs About 2 Pounds and Has a Huge Nose
Florida Atlantic University

Just as “Shark Week” is gearing up, researchers have discovered a new species of shark 17 years in the making. Like finding a needle in a haystack, it was well worth the wait as this elusive creature is yet to be seen in the wild.

Released: 21-Jul-2017 10:05 AM EDT
In Saliva, Clues to a ‘Ghost’ Species of Ancient Human
University at Buffalo

In saliva, scientists have found hints that a “ghost” species of archaic humans may have contributed genetic material to ancestors of people living in Sub-Saharan Africa today. The research adds to a growing body of evidence suggesting that sexual rendezvous between different archaic human species may not have been unusual.

Released: 20-Jul-2017 1:00 PM EDT
NASA's Hubble Sees Martian Moon Orbiting the Red Planet
Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI)

While photographing Mars, NASA's Hubble Space Telescope captured a cameo appearance of the tiny moon Phobos on its trek around the Red Planet. Hubble took 13 separate exposures over 22 minutes to create a time-lapse video showing the moon's orbital path.

17-Jul-2017 9:00 AM EDT
3-D Printing Sweeps Toy Manufacturing Off the Shelves
Michigan Technological University

People have scoffed that 3-D printers are simply toys themselves. But they probably didn't realize how much money is made off playthings. Do-it-yourself (DIY) manufacturing—making goods at home with a 3-D printer using open source designs from a free online repository—has a multimillion-dollar impact on the overall toy industry.

14-Jul-2017 3:30 PM EDT
Scientists Calculate Total Amount of Plastics Ever Produced
University of Georgia

Humans have created 8.3 billion metric tons of plastics since large-scale production of the synthetic materials began in the early 1950s, and most of it now resides in landfills or the natural environment, according to a study published today in the journal Science Advances.

Released: 13-Jul-2017 2:25 PM EDT
The Devastating Effects of Nuclear Weapon Testing
University of Utah

The University of Utah’s J. Marriott Library created an interactive, geospatial archive depicting the story of Utah radioactive fallout related to atmospheric nuclear testing at the Nevada Test Site.

   
Released: 12-Jul-2017 8:05 AM EDT
New Analysis of Rare Argentinian Rat Unlocks Origin of the Largest Mammalian Genome
McMaster University

New biological information gleaned from the red vizcacha rat, a native species of Argentina, demonstrates how genomes can rapidly change in size. Researchers from McMaster University set out to study this particular species because its genome, or its complete set of DNA, is the largest of all mammals, and appears to have increased in size very rapidly.

Released: 29-Jun-2017 2:00 PM EDT
Study: Climate Change Damages US Economy, Increases Inequality
Rutgers University

Unmitigated climate change will make the United States poorer and more unequal, according to a new study published today in the journal Science. The poorest third of counties could sustain economic damages costing as much as 20 percent of their income if warming proceeds unabated. States in the South and lower Midwest, which tend to be poor and hot already, will lose the most, with economic opportunity traveling northward and westward. Colder and richer counties along the northern border and in the Rockies could benefit the most as health, agriculture and energy costs are projected to improve.

   
Released: 29-Jun-2017 7:05 AM EDT
A Wave’s “Sweet Spot” Revealed
University of California San Diego

For surfers, finding the “sweet spot,” the most powerful part of the wave, is part of the thrill and the challenge.

Released: 27-Jun-2017 2:05 PM EDT
Astronomers Detect Orbital Motion in Pair of Supermassive Black Holes
Long Baseline Observatory

Using VLBA telescope, astronomers have made the first detection of orbital motion in a pair of supermassive black holes in a galaxy some 750 million light-years from Earth.

21-Jun-2017 3:00 PM EDT
The Blue-Winged Amazon: A New Parrot Species From the Yucatán Peninsula
PeerJ

In 2014, during a visit to a remote part of the Yucatán Peninsula in Mexico, ornithologist Dr. Miguel A. Gómez Garza came across parrots with a completely different colour pattern from other known species. A study published today in the open-access journal PeerJ names these birds as a new species.

Released: 26-Jun-2017 3:30 PM EDT
Why Social Isolation Can Bring a Greater Risk of Illness
Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania

In the fruit fly, social isolation leads to sleep loss, which in turn leads to cellular stress and the activation of a defense mechanism called the unfolded protein response.

   
Released: 22-Jun-2017 12:00 PM EDT
Select Memories Can Be Erased, Leaving Others Intact
Columbia University Irving Medical Center

Different types of memories stored in the same neuron of the marine snail Aplysia can be selectively erased, according to a new study by researchers at Columbia University Medical Center (CUMC) and McGill University and published today in Current Biology.

21-Jun-2017 1:00 PM EDT
Hubble Captures Massive Dead Disk Galaxy That Challenges Theories of Galaxy Evolution
Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI)

Astronomers combined the power of a “natural lens” in space with the capability of the Hubble Space Telescope to make a surprising discovery—the first example of a compact yet massive, fast-spinning, disk-shaped galaxy that stopped making stars only a few billion years after the big bang. Researchers say that finding such a galaxy so early in the history of the universe challenges the current understanding of how massive galaxies form and evolve.

16-Jun-2017 12:00 PM EDT
Wet and Stormy Weather Lashed California Coast…8,200 Years Ago
Vanderbilt University

An analysis of stalagmite records from White Moon Cave in the Santa Cruz Mountains shows that 8200 years ago the California coast underwent 150 years of exceptionally wet and stormy weather. It is the first high resolution record of how the Holocene cold snap affected the California climate.

Released: 14-Jun-2017 11:00 AM EDT
Chaotically Magnetized Cloud Is No Place to Build a Star, or Is It?
National Radio Astronomy Observatory

To make a star, the conditions inside interstellar gas clouds have to be "just right." When it comes to a cloud's magnetic fields, however, those conditions may range from powerful and orderly to weak and chaotic, according to new ALMA observations.

13-Jun-2017 12:00 PM EDT
Wildfires Pollute Much More Than Previously Thought
Georgia Institute of Technology

Wildfires are major polluters. Their plumes are three times as dense with aerosol-forming fine particles as previously believed. For the first time, researchers have flown an orchestra of modern instruments through brutishly turbulent wildfire plumes to measure emissions in real time. They have also exposed other never before measured toxins.

12-Jun-2017 11:05 AM EDT
Researchers Pinpoint How Detecting Social Signals May Have Affected How We See Colors
New York University

The arrangement of the photoreceptors in our eyes allows us to detect socially significant color variation better than other types of color vision, a team of researchers has found. Specifically, our color vision is superior at spotting “social signaling,” such as blushing or other facial color changes—even when compared to the type of color vision that we design for digital cameras and other photographic devices.

   
5-Jun-2017 10:00 AM EDT
Discovery in Morocco Points to Oldest Homo Sapiens Fossils
New York University

An international research team has uncovered 300,000 year-old fossil bones of Homo sapiens, a find that represents the oldest reliably dated fossil evidence of our species.

Released: 5-Jun-2017 6:05 PM EDT
Study: Collateral Damage from Cosmic Rays Increases Cancer Risks for Mars Astronauts
University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV)

The cancer risk for a human mission to Mars has effectively doubled following a UNLV study predicting a dramatic increase in the disease for astronauts traveling to the red planet or on long-term missions outside the protection of Earth's magnetic field. New predictive model, published in Scientific Reports, shows radiation from cosmic rays extends from damaged to otherwise healthy 'bystander' cells.

   
5-Jun-2017 3:15 PM EDT
Hubble's Tale of Two Exoplanets: Nature vs. Nurture
Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI)

Scientists using NASA's Hubble Space Telescope to study two "hot Jupiter" exoplanets--having virtually the same size and temperature, and orbiting around nearly identical stars at the same distance--hypothesized that the planets' atmospheres should be alike. But the researchers found that one planet's atmosphere was much cloudier than the other.

Released: 5-Jun-2017 1:05 PM EDT
New Study: Could Acidifying Oceans Slow Down Coral Disease?
Mote Marine Laboratory

A controlled lab study led by Mote Marine Laboratory and published June 1 in the peer-reviewed journal PLOS ONE revealed that black band disease was less deadly to mountainous star coral (Orbicella faveolata) as water acidified, or decreased in pH.

Released: 31-May-2017 11:00 AM EDT
Springs Were Critical Water Sources for Early Humans in East Africa, Rutgers Study Finds
Rutgers University

About 1 to 2 million years ago, early humans in East Africa periodically faced very dry conditions, with little or no water in sight. But they likely had access to hundreds of springs that lingered despite long dry spells, allowing our ancestors to head north and out of Africa, according to a groundbreaking study by scientists at Rutgers University-New Brunswick and other institutions. The international team showed that climate may not play such a primary role in human evolution as is commonly asserted.

Released: 31-May-2017 10:05 AM EDT
Possible Correlation Shown Between the Partial Meltdown at TMI and Thyroid Cancers
Penn State College of Medicine

Penn State College of Medicine researchers have shown, for the first time, a possible correlation between the partial meltdown of the Three Mile Island Nuclear Generating Station and thyroid cancers in the counties surrounding the plant.

Released: 29-May-2017 3:05 PM EDT
Death by Volcano?
Washington University in St. Louis

The discovery of anomalously high levels of mercury in rocks from the Ordivician geological period has led to a new interpretation of the ensuing mass extinction. A sequence of disturbances may have led to catastrophic cooling by reflective sulfate aerosols injected into the atmosphere by massive volcanism. The finding is important since aerosol cooling is under consideration as a way to temper global warming.

24-May-2017 2:30 PM EDT
Mind-Controlled Device Helps Stroke Patients Retrain Brains to Move Paralyzed Hands
Washington University in St. Louis

Stroke patients who used their minds to open and close a plastic brace fitted over their paralyzed hand gained some control over that hand, according to a new study from Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis. The participants showed significant improvement in grasping objects.

23-May-2017 11:05 AM EDT
Researchers Drill Deep to Understand Why the Sumatra Earthquake Was So Severe
University of Southampton

An international team of scientists has found evidence suggesting the dehydration of minerals deep below the ocean floor influenced the severity of the Sumatra earthquake, which took place on December 26, 2004.

Released: 25-May-2017 1:00 PM EDT
The Big Star That Couldn’t Become a Supernova
Ohio State University

For the first time in history, astronomers have been able to watch as a dying star was reborn as a black hole. It went out with a whimper instead of a bang.

Released: 25-May-2017 10:05 AM EDT
Concrete for Taller Wind Turbine Towers Passes Tests, Could Help Expand Wind Energy Nationwide
Iowa State University

A research team led by Iowa State's Sri Sritharan has just finished an 18-month, $1 million study of concrete technology for taller wind turbine towers. Sritharan said the taller towers could enable wind energy production in all 50 states.

Released: 24-May-2017 8:05 AM EDT
Can Parents’ Tech Obsessions Contribute to A Child’s Bad Behavior?
Michigan Medicine - University of Michigan

Study looks at whether behaviors like whining and tantrums could be related to parents spending too much time on their phones or tablets.

18-May-2017 1:05 PM EDT
Wolves Need Space to Roam to Control Expanding Coyote Populations
University of Washington

Wolves and other top predators need large ranges to be able to control smaller predators whose populations have expanded, according to a study appearing May 23 in Nature Communications. The results were similar across three continents, showing that as top predators' ranges were cut back and fragmented, they were no longer able to control smaller predators.

17-May-2017 2:00 PM EDT
3.3 Million-Year-Old Fossil Reveals Origins of the Human Spine
University of Chicago Medical Center

Analysis of a 3.3 million-year-old fossil skeleton reveals the most complete spinal column of any early human relative, including vertebrae, neck and rib cage. The findings, published this week in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, indicate that portions of the human spinal structure that enable efficient walking motions were established millions of years earlier than previously thought.

   
18-May-2017 5:05 PM EDT
Researchers Discover Hottest Lavas That Erupted in Past 2.5 Billion Years From Earth’s Core-Mantle Boundary
Virginia Tech

Researchers led by the Virginia Tech College of Science discovered that deep portions of Earth’s mantle might be as hot as it was more than 2.5 billion years ago.

15-May-2017 9:05 AM EDT
The Secrets Behind T-Rex’s Bone Crushing Bites: Researchers Find T-Rex Could Crush 8,000 Pounds
Florida State University

A Florida State- Oklahoma State research team found that T. rex could pulverize bones, chomping down with nearly 8,000 pounds of force.

Released: 15-May-2017 3:05 PM EDT
Assembling Life’s Molecular Motor
Oak Ridge National Laboratory

As part of a project dedicated to modeling how single-celled purple bacteria turn light into food, a team of computational scientists from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC) simulated a complete ATP synthase in all-atom detail. The work builds on the project’s first phase—a 100-million atom photosynthetic organelle called a chromatophore—and gives scientists an unprecedented glimpse into a biological machine whose energy efficiency far surpasses that of any artificial system.

Released: 13-May-2017 12:05 AM EDT
Tomato Extract Fights Stomach Cancer, Ripe for Further Study
Sbarro Health Research Organization (SHRO)

A new study suggests that the use of tomato — a key food of the Mediterranean diet — should be explored to develop supportive strategies against gastric cancer

Released: 11-May-2017 12:05 PM EDT
Research Increases Distance at Which Supernova Would Spark Mass Extinctions on Earth
University of Kansas

Adrian Melott has examined the effects of the supernovae on Earth’s biology. In new research to appear in Astrophysical Journal, the KU researcher and colleagues argue the estimated distance of the supernova thought to have occurred roughly 2.6 million years ago should be cut in half.

4-May-2017 8:05 AM EDT
Beauty Requires Thought, Neuroscientists Find
New York University

Experiencing beauty requires thought, a team of neuroscientists finds, in a new study that confirms an 18th-century claim by the philosopher Immanuel Kant.

   
9-May-2017 3:55 PM EDT
More Natural Dust in the Air Improves Air Quality in Eastern China
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Man-made pollution in eastern China’s cities worsens when less dust blows in from the Gobi Desert, according to a new study. That’s because dust plays an important role in determining the air temperatures and thereby promoting winds to blow away man-made pollution. Less dust means the air stagnates, with man-made pollution sticking around longer.

Released: 4-May-2017 10:00 AM EDT
A Lot of Galaxies Need Guarding in This NASA Hubble View
Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI)

Like the quirky characters in the upcoming film Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2, the Hubble Space Telescope has some amazing superpowers, specifically when it comes to observing galaxies across time and space. One stunning example is galaxy cluster Abell 370, which contains a vast assortment of several hundred galaxies tied together by the mutual pull of gravity. That's a lot of galaxies to be guarding, and just in this one cluster!

Released: 3-May-2017 1:05 PM EDT
‘Princess Pheromone’ Tells Ants Which Larvae Are Destined to Be Queens
North Carolina State University

Scientists have identified a “princess pheromone” that tells an ant colony when a larva is preparing to become a queen.

Released: 27-Apr-2017 2:00 PM EDT
Engineers Investigate a Simple, No-Bake Recipe to Make Bricks From Martian Soil
University of California San Diego

Explorers planning to settle on Mars might be able to turn the planet’s red soil into bricks without needing to use an oven or additional ingredients. Instead, they would just need to apply pressure to compact the soil—the equivalent of a blow from a hammer. These are the findings of a study published in Nature Scientific Reports on April 27, 2017. The study was authored by a team of engineers at the University of California San Diego and funded by NASA.

25-Apr-2017 9:30 AM EDT
Common Pesticide Damages Honey Bee’sAbility to Fly
University of California San Diego

Biologists at UC San Diego have provided the first evidence that a widely used pesticide can significantly impair the ability of otherwise healthy honey bees to fly. The study, which employed a bee “flight mill,” raises concerns about how pesticides affect honey bee pollination and long-term effects on the health of honey bee colonies.

Released: 25-Apr-2017 1:05 PM EDT
‘Diet’ Products Can Make You Fat, Study Shows
University of Georgia

High-fat foods are often the primary target when fighting obesity, but sugar-laden “diet” foods could be contributing to unwanted weight gain as well.

Released: 24-Apr-2017 2:05 PM EDT
How Dogs Interact with Others Plays a Role in Decision-Making
Canisius University

The latest research by Christy Hoffman, Ph.D., and Malini Suchak, Ph.D., assistant professors of Animal Behavior, Ecology, and Conservation at Canisius College, finds that dynamics between familiar dogs may influence their likelihood of learning from each other. How dogs interact with others plays a big role in how they respond under conditions that require quick thinking.

Released: 24-Apr-2017 5:05 AM EDT
Study Highlights Deadliest Effects of Hypothetical Asteroid Strike
University of Southampton

Violent winds and shockwaves would account for more than 60 per cent of lives lost if an asteroid were to hit the Earth, according to a new University of Southampton-led study.

19-Apr-2017 2:50 PM EDT
Rare Supernova Discovery Ushers in New Era for Cosmology
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

With help from a supernova-hunting pipeline based at NERSC, astronomers captured multiple images of a gravitationally lensed Type 1a supernova. This is currently the only one, but if astronomers can find more they may be able to measure Universal expansion within four percent accuracy. Luckily, Berkeley Lab researchers do have a method for finding more.



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