Findings from a novel online questionnaire of people with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) suggest the majority of these patients do not receive proper care, say researchers from Georgetown University Medical Center in the first known investigation of the presentation of CFS in the emergency department.
Identified genes involved in plant cell wall polysaccharide production and restructuring could aid in engineering bioenergy crops.
How does one inspect solar panels in real time, in a way that is both cost-effective and time-efficient? Parveen Bhola, and Saurabh Bhardwaj, researchers at India’s Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, have spent the last few years developing and improving statistical and machine learning-based alternatives to enable real-time inspection of solar panels. Their research found a new application for clustering-based computation, which uses past meteorological data to compute performance ratios and degradation rates.
The American Institute of Physics announced today that it has awarded the 2018 John Torrence Tate Award for International Leadership in Physics to Italian physicist Fabiola Gianotti, “in recognition of her leadership as Spokesperson of the ATLAS international collaboration and as Director-General of CERN in promoting science as a vehicle for broad international cooperation.”
Research suggests that a gene that governs the body’s biological (circadian) clock acts differently in males versus females and may protect females from heart disease. The study is the first to analyze circadian blood pressure rhythms in female mice. The research, published ahead of print in the American Journal of Physiology—Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, was chosen as an APSselect article for January.
How yeast partition carbon into a metabolite may offer insights into boosting production for biofuels.
An elephant never forgets. This seems to be the case, at least, for elephants roaming about Namibia, looking for food, fresh water, and other resources.
Bullying rates among middle school students in the spring of 2017 were 18 percent higher in localities where voters had favored Donald Trump than in those that had supported Hillary Clinton, according to a study published online today in Educational Researcher, a peer-reviewed journal of the American Educational Research Association.
Description: Papers on CAR and xenobiotic metabolism; HTS for in vitro and in vivo testing; and graphene derivative toxicity featured in latest issue of Toxicological Sciences.
The Heineman Foundation, the American Institute of Physics and American Astronomical Society congratulate Edwin A. Bergin, professor and chair of astronomy at the University of Michigan, for winning the 2019 Dannie Heineman Prize for Astrophysics, which he wins “for his pioneering work in astrochemistry and innovative contributions to our understanding of the physics and chemistry of star and planet formation, and for his tireless efforts to improve diversity and inclusion in astronomy.”
Applications and nominations are invited for the position of executive officer of the nonprofit Council on Undergraduate Research.
White people and non-black minorities have a harder time telling the difference between genuine and fake smiles on black faces than they do on white faces, a problem black people don’t have, according to research published by the American Psychological Association.
Researchers at the George Washington University gained important insights into how the human brain processes information and allocates attention. Their study, “Attention Scales According to Inferred Real-World Object Size,” shows people pay attention to objects based on their real-world size, rather than how they are perceived by the eye.
The U.S. Department of Energy announced it will award 189 grants totaling $33 million to 149 small businesses in 32 states.
Scientists at Tufts University have designed special LED “suits” that help them understand how caterpillars crawl. Versace might dress the likes of Shakira and Beyoncé, but Guy Levy designs for a far more unusual – and wriggly – client: the tobacco hornworm caterpillar (Manduca sexta).
Bats have long intrigued humans. In a variety of cultures, they embody malevolent symbolism, including darkness, death, foreboding, and evil spirits. In others, they’re benevolent flyers who bestow good fortune. Bats themselves also come in a variety of forms and shapes. The miniscule “bumblebee bat,” ranks among the world’s smallest mammals. Flying foxes, which eat mostly fruit and other vegetation, can have wingspans reaching up to 6 feet long. The clear-winged wooly bat may be one of the strangest to look at. Its wings are nearly transparent, and the muscles, circulatory system, and bones are clearly visible through the translucent, almost-paper-thin skin.
The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) announced a plan to provide $16 million for new observational research aimed at improving the accuracy of today’s climate and earth system models.
A combined experimental and modeling approach contributes to understanding small proteins with potential use in industrial, therapeutic applications.
Light pollution is on everyone’s minds in Reno, Nevada, a city famous for its bright lights and nightlife. Nighttime light pollution is a growing concern for cities worldwide. Artificial light at night has been found to cause serious health effects including disrupting our sleep-wake cycle ¬–our circadian rhythm.
Just two years ago, the U.S. Embassy in Havana was bustling with U.S. personnel sent by the Obama Administration to restore diplomatic relations with Cuba. Today it is nearly empty. In late 2016, diplomats started hearing a loud, piercing noise. Two dozen of them reported symptoms such as ear pain and dizziness, and were diagnosed with injuries consistent with a concussion. Suspicions of politically motivated “sonic attacks” soon followed.
Climate change, pollution, and a multitude of threats are putting our freshwater supplies at risk. Water collection and purification technologies are becoming increasingly important, especially in major urban areas. In places such as the San Francisco Bay area, access to freshwater is limited. There, fog collection technologies have piqued the interest of many engineers looking to mediate the shortage of freshwater.
Researchers investigating variations in experimental results between a test tube and liver cells have found a new way for PCKS9's interaction with a liver surface proteoglycan to occur.
Artificial intelligence on Summit to discover atomic-scale structures.
Nation’s Top Public Affairs Schools Announce Diversity Alliance
People make statistically-informed judgments about who is more likely to hold particular professions even though they criticize others for the same behavior, according to findings published in Psychological Science, a journal of the Association for Psychological Science.
The GI Quality Improvement Consortium, Ltd. (GIQuIC) Registry has been approved as a Qualified Clinical Data Registry (QCDR) for reporting to the Merit-based Incentive Payment System (MIPS) for the 2019 reporting year. GIQuIC will host an informational webinar on reporting via the GIQuIC 2019 QCDR in February 2019.
In this special Sepsis Issue, AACC’s The Journal of Applied Laboratory Medicine highlights the cutting-edge clinical tests that laboratory medicine experts are developing to combat sepsis, a life-threatening condition that kills more people in the U.S. than heart attacks every year.
A first-of-its-kind study indicates that male partners of women with recurrent pregnancy loss have reduced sperm quality caused by impaired reproductive hormone production and high oxidant levels. This research, published in the Men’s Health Issue of AACC’s Clinical Chemistry journal, could help more couples with recurrent pregnancy loss to conceive by leading to new treatments that improve male partners’ reproductive health.
Novel studies published in the Men’s Health Issue of AACC’s journal Clinical Chemistry suggest that hormone therapy for transgender people increases the risk of blood clots less than birth control pills and does not increase the risk of cardiovascular disease at all. These preliminary results could help more transgender individuals to access essential hormone therapy by increasing physician comfort with prescribing it.
In a special Men’s Health Issue, AACC’s Clinical Chemistry journal spotlights breaking research that is crucial for men—and for patient populations with which men’s health isn’t historically associated, from transgender individuals to pregnant women. This issue aims not only to address men’s unmet health needs, but also to reduce health disparities by promoting dialogue between the men’s, women’s, and transgender health fields.
The American College of Radiology (ACR) today released an update to the ACR Appropriateness Criteria®, which includes 186 diagnostic imaging and interventional radiology topics with 914 clinical variants covering more than 1,600 clinical scenarios. This update includes seven new and 19 revised topics. Each topic contains a narrative, an evidence table and a literature search summary.
People, animals, and even vehicles face the problem of tradeoffs – being good at one thing often means being bad at others. Circumventing tradeoffs can be a key to success. Some swimming turtles have solved this problem and are both highly stable and maneuverable in water – tasks usually at odds.
• In a study of African-American men and women with normal kidney function, a pattern of higher collective consumption of soda, sweetened fruit drinks, and water was associated with a higher risk of developing kidney disease.
The Society of Toxicology (SOT) is pleased to announce the recipients of its 2019 awards. The awardees include early-career scientists to groundbreaking researchers who have impacted the field for many years.
• Patients on peritoneal dialysis and their caregivers give high priority to clinical outcomes (such as infection and mortality) and many patient-reported outcomes (particularly fatigue and flexibility with time), which are absent in most trials in peritoneal dialysis.
Direct-to-consumer DNA testing kits are expected to be a popular holiday gift this year, with 100 million people expected to have used one by 2020—but an expert genetic counselor at Georgetown says consumers should understand a few pros and cons before using one.
Researchers from the George Washington University received more than $3.1 million from the National Institutes of Health to investigate the causes of cardiovascular disease in HIV-infected patients
Magnetic recording is the primary technology underpinning today’s large-scale data storage, and companies are racing to develop new hard disk devices capable of recording densities greater than 1 terabit per square inch. In AIP Advances, from AIP Publishing, a group of researchers in India report their work tweaking the L10 phase, or crystallographic orientation, of an iron and platinum alloy as a solution.
People who value following purity rules over caring for others are more likely to view gay and transgender people as less human, which leads to more prejudice and support for discriminatory public policies, according to a new study published by the American Psychological Association.
New model provides more accurate estimates of how fast microbes produce a mercury-based neurotoxin.
The holiday season can be a time of excess, but low- or no-calorie sweeteners could help merry-makers stay trim. Stevia is a zero-calorie sweetener that is sometimes called “natural” because it is extracted from the leaves of a South American plant. Now, a report in ACS Synthetic Biology describes a way to prepare large quantities of stevia using yeast, which would cut out the plant middleman and could lead to a better tasting product.
Skin has a remarkable ability to heal itself. But in some cases, wounds heal very slowly or not at all, putting a person at risk for chronic pain, infection and scarring. Now, researchers have developed a self-powered bandage that generates an electric field over an injury, dramatically reducing the healing time for skin wounds in rats. They report their results in ACS Nano.
Many of us view the year’s end as a time for reflection, and chemists are no different. As we say goodbye to 2018, Chemical & Engineering News (C&EN), the weekly news magazine of the American Chemical Society, highlights the year’s biggest chemistry trends, most memorable molecules and more in a special issue. As part of its wrap-up, the magazine peers into its crystal ball to predict the hottest chemistry advances to watch for in 2019.
Our homes are supposed to be safe havens from the outside world. However, studies have shown that household air is more polluted than either office or school air, exposing children and home workers to higher levels of carcinogens than the general population. Now, researchers have made a genetically modified houseplant that can efficiently remove at least two toxins from the air. They report their results in ACS’ journal Environmental Science & Technology.
Scientists explore how drought-tolerant plants communicate to nearby microorganisms, suggesting ways to engineer more resilient bioenergy crops.
Scientists determine the accuracy of computational methods used to study the sulfate radical approach to purifying water.
Ultrafine aerosol particles produce bigger storm clouds and more precipitation than larger aerosols in pristine conditions.
Call to include Eating Disorders in the NIH Nutrition Research Task Force Strategic Plan
Mindfulness training may improve the effectiveness of intensive weight management programs, according to a small study published in the Endocrine Society’s Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.
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