SLAC researchers take important step toward developing cavity-based X-ray laser technology
Researchers used diamond mirrors to guide X-ray laser pulses around a rectangular racetrack inside a vacuum chamber. It's an important step toward developing cavity-based X-ray free-electron lasers, or CBXFELs, to make X-ray laser pulses brighter and cleaner - more like regular lasers are today.
Johns Hopkins APL Creates Autonomy Safety Net for AFWERX Autonomy Prime Program
APL is equipping AFWERX -- a technology directorate of the Air Force Research Laboratory and the innovation arm of the Department of the Air Force -- with capabilities to quickly and safely test autonomous vehicles in complex, interactive environments.
Department of Energy grant supports inclusive high energy physics research
Argonne National Laboratory and the Missouri University of Science and Technology have been awarded funding for a program that aims to generate insights about the universe while expanding diversity in the high energy physics field.
Novel hardware approach offers new quantum-computing paradigm
A potentially game-changing theoretical approach to quantum computing hardware avoids much of the problematic complexity found in current quantum computers. The strategy implements an algorithm in natural quantum interactions to process a variety of real-world problems faster than classical computers or conventional gate-based quantum computers can.
Using supernovae to study neutrinos' strange properties
In a new study, researchers have taken an important step toward understanding how exploding stars can help reveal how neutrinos, mysterious subatomic particles, secretly interact with themselves. One of the less well-understood elementary particles, neutrinos rarely interact with normal matter, and instead travel invisibly through it at almost the speed of light.
Biophysical Society Announces the Results of its 2023 Elections
Lynmarie K. Thompson has been elected President-elect of the Biophysical Society (BPS). She will assume the office of President-elect at the 2024 Annual Meeting in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and begin her term as President during the 2025 Annual Meeting in Los Angeles, California. Thompson is a Professor of Chemistry at the University of Massachusetts Amherst (UMass).
Controlled On-chip Fabrication of Large-scale Perovskite Single Crystal Arrays for High-performance Laser and Photodetector Integration
Due to the poor chemical stability of the perovskite materials in the polar solvent, the most commonly used photolithography and etching techniques for patterning the single crystal arrays are highly incompatible with perovskite materials. To solve this problem, scientists in China invented a one-step space confinement and antisolvent-assisted crystallization (SC-ASC) method that enables the controlled fabrication of high-quality single crystal arrays on various substrates.
Perovskite Light-emitting Diodes toward Commercial Full-color Displays
Metal-halide perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) feature comprehensive advantages of wide color gamut, high luminescence efficiency and low-cost synthesis. PeLEDs are thus considered the promising photonic source for next-generation display applications. In this review, scientists from Nankai University discuss the key technical bottlenecks in PeLEDs for commercial display applications. These include large-area PeLEDs preparation, PeLEDs' patterning strategies, and flexible PeLED devices.
An extension of the memristive system: from tunable conductance to reconfigurable photoresponse
Conventional artificial-intelligence vision technology uses separate sensing, computing, and storage units to process vision data. The frequent movement of redundant data between sensors, processors and memory results in high power consumption and latency. Scientists in China designed a novel device, in which photoexcited carriers and ion migration are coupled, that can store and read the tunable short-circuit photocurrent in a non-volatile mode. This new concept of device enables all-in-one sensing-memory-computing approaches for neuromorphic vision hardware.
Making sense of life's random rhythms
Life's random rhythms surround us-from the hypnotic, synchronized blinking of fireflies...to the back-and-forth motion of a child's swing... to slight variations in the otherwise steady lub-dub of the human heart. Now, an international team says it has developed a novel, universal framework for comparing and contrasting those oscillations--regardless of their different underlying mechanisms--which could become a critical step toward someday fully understanding them.
UK Space Agency backs Plants for Space partner
The University of Adelaide's Plants for Space program has attracted international investment from the UK Space Agency, through industry partner Vertical Future (VF).
Carbon-based quantum technology
Graphene nanoribbons have outstanding properties that can be precisely controlled. Researchers from Empa and ETH Zurich, in collaboration with partners from Peking University, the University of Warwick and the Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, have succeeded in attaching electrodes to individual atomically precise nanoribbons, paving the way for precise characterization of the fascinating ribbons and their possible use in quantum technology.
Hundred-year storms? That's how long they last on Saturn.
The largest storm in the solar system, a 10,000-mile-wide anticyclone called the Great Red Spot, has decorated Jupiter's surface for hundreds of years. A new study now shows that Saturn -- though much blander and less colorful than Jupiter -- also has long-lasting megastorms with impacts deep in the atmosphere that persist for centuries.
Arrays of quantum rods could enhance TVs or virtual reality devices
Using scaffolds made of folded DNA, MIT engineers have come up with a new way to precisely assemble arrays of quantum rods.
Neutrons seek to stop cancer from hijacking a metabolic highway
Researchers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory used neutrons and x-rays to draw a roadmap of every atom, chemical bond and electrical charge inside a key metabolic pathway in the body that cancer cells hijack and dramatically overuse to reproduce. The study essentially paves the way for developing new drugs that act as roadblocks that cut off the supply of vital resources to cancer cells. The drugs would be designed to target highly aggressive tumor-forming cancers that too often become terminal such as lung, colon, breast, pancreatic and prostate cancers.
Researchers develop a unique quantum mechanical approach to determining metal ductility
A team of scientists from Ames National Laboratory and Texas A&M University developed a new quantum-mechanics-based approach to predict metal ductility. The team demonstrated its effectiveness on refractory multi-principal-element alloys.
Ribbons of graphene push the material's potential
Think you know everything about a material? Try giving it a twist--literally. That's the main idea of an emerging field in condensed matter physics called "twistronics," which has researchers drastically changing the properties of 2D materials, like graphene, with subtle changes--as small as going from a 1.1 deg. to 1.2 deg.--in the angle between stacked layers.
Direct evidence for modified gravity at low acceleration from Gaia observations of wide binary stars
A new study reports conclusive evidence for the breakdown of standard gravity in the low acceleration limit from a verifiable analysis of the orbital motions of long-period, widely separated, binary stars, usually referred to as wide binaries in astronomy and astrophysics.
A quantum leap in mechanical oscillator technology
Over the past decade, scientists have made tremendous progress in generating quantum phenomena in mechanical systems. What seemed impossible only fifteen years ago has now become a reality, as researchers successfully create quantum states in macroscopic mechanical objects.
Theoretical and Experimental Physics Team Up in the Search for Particle Flavor Change
Scientists recently discovered that neutrinos have mass, counter to long-held understanding. This means that neutrinos can change flavor. Now, advances in theory and experiment are helping scientists to determine whether the neutrinos' charged counterparts--electrons, muons, and tauons--can also change flavor and how future experiments can look for those changes.
A record six public-private partnership grants to speed the development of fusion energy awarded to PPPL
Article describes the unprecedented six DOE-backed INFUSE partnerships awarded to PPPL.
Zentropy and the art of creating new ferroelectric materials
Systems in the Universe trend toward disorder, with only applied energy keeping the chaos at bay. The concept is called entropy, and examples can be found everywhere: ice melting, campfire burning, water boiling. Zentropy theory, however, adds another level to the mix.
Let there be matter: Simulating the creation of matter from photon-photon collisions
One of the most striking predictions of quantum physics is that matter can be generated solely from light (i.e., photons), and in fact, the astronomical bodies known as pulsars achieve this feat.
Scientists studying fluid dynamics explore mechanism at work in interfacial tension
Examining the flow of fluids, scientists have conducted a study of the interface between two liquids, focusing on a force called interfacial tension. Their numerical simulation helped them better understand the mechanism at work in interfacial tension.
Study ties fracking to another type of shaking
New research confirms fracking causes slow, small earthquakes or tremors, whose origin was previously a mystery to scientists. The tremors are produced by the same processes that could create large, damaging earthquakes.