Towards a sustainable superconductor technology with magnesium diboride super magnets
Magnesium diboride (MgB2), a binary compound, behaves as a superconductor - a substance that offers no resistance to electric current flowing through it - at a moderate temperature of around 39 K (-234 deg.C).
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Scientists take an important step towards using quantum computers to advance materials science
A team of scientists from the U.S. Department of Energy's Ames National Laboratory demonstrated a way to advance the role of quantum computing in materials research with an adaptive algorithm for simulating materials. Quantum computers have potential capabilities far beyond today's computers, and using an adaptive algorithm allows them to produce solutions quickly and accurately.
More than a decade after the theory of interdependent networks was introduced, researchers establish the first physics laboratory benchmark for its manifestation
A breakthrough study by researchers from Bar-Ilan University establishes the first physics laboratory benchmark for the manifestation of the theory of interdependent networks, enabling experimental studies to control and to further develop the multiscale phenomena of complex interdependent materials. This research has vast significance in several disciplines, including basic physics, materials science and device applications.
Researchers develop clever algorithm to improve our understanding of particle beams in accelerators
Whenever SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory's linear accelerator is on, packs of around a billion electrons each travel together at nearly the speed of light through metal piping. These electron bunches form the accelerator's particle beam, which is used to study the atomic behavior of molecules, novel materials and many other subjects.
sPHENIX Detector is Ready for Collisions
The state-of-the-art sPHENIX detector is fully assembled and gearing up to grab particle collision snapshots. The completion of assembly marks the detector's transition from a construction project to running experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC), a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science user facility for nuclear physics research at Brookhaven National Laboratory.
Zeroing in on a Fundamental Property of the Proton's Internal Dynamics
The tensor charge in protons is the net transverse spin of the proton or the quarks that make it up. The only way to obtain the tensor charge from experimental data is using the theory of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) to extract the "transversity" function, which encodes the difference between the number of quarks with their spin aligned and anti-aligned to the proton's spin when it is in a transverse direction. Using state-of-the-art data science techniques, researchers recently made the most precise ever empirical determination of the tensor charge.
Ground wide angle camera array detects prompt optical emission of gamma-ray burst
Researchers led by Dr. XIN Liping from the Space-based Multi-band Astronomical Variable Objects Monitor (SVOM) research team, National Astronomical Observatories of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (NAOC), have detected the prompt optical emission and its transition to the early afterglow of a gamma-ray burst (GRB 201223A), using the Ground Wide Angle Camera Array (GWAC) located at Xinglong Observatory of NAOC.
Looking for Insights from Our Nearest Star-Forming Galaxy
Vallia Antoniou, an assistant professor of practice in the Department of Physics and Astronomy at Texas Tech, has been awarded observing time on the powerful Chandra X-Ray Telescope to explore some of the deepest recesses of the universe.
Doubling the number of sources of repeating fast radio bursts
Astronomers from McGill University are part of an international team that has discovered 25 new sources of repeating fast radio bursts (FRBs), these explosions in the sky that come from far beyond the Milky Way.
Unraveling the mathematics behind wiggly worm knots
Georgia Tech researchers wanted to understand precisely how blackworms execute tangling and ultrafast untangling movements for a myriad of biological functions. To investigate, they linked up with mathematicians at MIT to understand the topology of the tangles. Their research could inform the design of fiber-like, shapeshifting robotics that self-assemble and move in ways that are fast and reversible. The study also highlights how cross-disciplinary collaboration can answer some of the most perplexing questions in disparate fields.
Decades of nuclear energy research pay off in milestone nonproliferation achievement
Thanks to the hard work of Argonne experts and worldwide partners, the safety and availability of medical radioisotopes is far more secure.
Molecular teamwork is key to efficient organic semiconductors
Researchers have found a way to replicate in a non-living system a behavior often found in living ones. This could be the secret to more efficient organic semiconductors for electronic devices.
James Fast Selected as Jefferson Lab EIC Project Manager
Scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy's Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility and DOE's Brookhaven National Laboratory partnered early on to take on the design and construction of the Electron-Ion Collider. Now, Jefferson Lab is proud to announce it has appointed a dedicated EIC project manager: James Fast will lead Jefferson Lab's EIC project team. The Electron-Ion Collider, to be built at Brookhaven, is led by EIC Project Director Jim Yeck and EIC Project Manager Luisella Lari.
Chinese scientists develop Earth system models with clouds and ocean submesoscale eddies
It has been a dream for Earth scientists to have a numerical model that can better represent compound multiple-scale processes in the real-world Earth system.
Paradoxical quantum phenomenon measured for the first time
Some things are related, others are not. Suppose you randomly select a person from a crowd who is significantly taller than the average. In that case, there is a good chance that they will also weigh more than the average.
Counting Photons for Quantum Computing
Experts in nuclear physics and quantum information have demonstrated the application of a photon-number-resolving system to accurately resolve more than 100 photons. The feat is a major step forward in capability for quantum computing development efforts. It also may enable quantum generation of truly random numbers, a long-sought goal for developing unbreakable encryption techniques for applications in, for instance, military communications and financial transactions.
Uncovering a star's demise: Supermassive black hole tears apart a giant star in a display brighter, more energetic and longer lasting than any observed before
A distant star, dying a fiery and dramatic death, torn apart by a supermassive black hole in a forgotten corner of the sky.
Improving Bloodstain Pattern Analysis with Fluid Dynamics
In Physics of Fluids, researchers model the behavior of blood drops during secondary atomization to examine how the phenomenon affects a crime scene. The team examined different starting droplet sizes, confirming their model with experiments. They found the effect of secondary atomization was significant and predictable: The smaller droplets were easier to sweep up by the firearm's gases and turn around toward the victim. This discovery could explain how a short-range shooter might stay clean from blood stains.
How to Land on a Planet Safely
In Physics of Fluids, researchers develop a model to describe the interaction between a rocket plume and the surface of a planetary body in near-vacuum conditions. The computational framework takes in information about the rocket, its engines, and the surface composition and topography, as well as the atmospheric conditions and gravitational forces at the landing site, and the results can be used to evaluate the safety and feasibility of a proposed landing site and to optimize the design of spacecraft and rocket engines for planetary landings.
Lead Vocal Tracks in Popular Music Go Quiet
Scientists carried out an analysis of hundreds of popular song recordings from 1946 to 2020 to determine the lead vocal to accompaniment ratio, or LAR. The study considered the four highest-ranked songs from the Billboard Hot 100 chart for each year and the results show that, contrary to expectations, the LAR for popular music decreased over the decades in question. This means that, relative to their bands, lead singers are getting quieter.
Scientists demonstrate unprecedented sensitivity in measuring time delay between two photons
A team of researchers has demonstrated the ultimate sensitivity allowed by quantum physics in measuring the time delay between two photons. It has the potential to significantly improve the imaging of nanostructures, including biological samples, and nanomaterial surfaces.
PNNL Scientist Inspires Next Generation at the National Science Bowl
Physicist Emily Mace will share her science journey and an interactive presentation about her current research with middle school and high school students from across the country at the National Science Bowl.
Argonne names newest Maria Goeppert Mayer and Walter Massey Fellows
Argonne has named four new Maria Goeppert Mayer Fellows and one Walter Massey Fellow, positions named for eminent scientists in the laboratory's history.
Webb Reveals Early-Universe Prequel to Huge Galaxy Cluster
The Webb Space Telescope's latest findings are the first to spectroscopically confirm distances for a young protocluster of galaxies just 650 million years after the big bang. Astronomers think the protocluster represents the earliest stages of what will develop into a massive conglomeration like the Coma Cluster, which includes thousands of gravitationally bound member galaxies.
Transforming Highways for High-Speed Travel and Energy Transport
In APL Energy, researchers developed a proof of concept for a superconducting highway that could transport vehicles and electricity, cooling the necessary superconductors with a pipeline of liquid hydrogen. Most magnetic levitation designs feature the superconductor inside the vehicle, which is suspended above a magnetic track. The authors decided to flip that arrangement upside down, putting the superconductor on the ground and giving each vehicle a magnet. The result is a system with multiple uses, placing it within the realm of affordability.