Curated News: Nature (journal)

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This method is a major leap forward for scientists investigating how proteins do their jobs in the immune system. “This method basically creates an entire new kind of world of experiments that people can do..."

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Europe's forests have already been severely affected by climate change. Thousands of hectares of trees have already died due to drought and bark beetles. Scientists from the University of Vienna and the Technical University of Munich have now investigated which trees can be used for reforestation.

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Samples reveal evidence of changes experienced by the surface of asteroid Ryugu, some probably due to micrometeoroid bombardment.

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Spinocerebellar ataxia 4 is a devastating progressive movement disorder. A multinational study has now conclusively identified the genetic difference that causes the disease, bringing answers to families and opening the door to future treatments.

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In a new study, researchers report on the molecular assembly of one of the most common anti-phage systems – from the family of proteins called Gabija – that is estimated to be used by at least 8.5%, and up to 18%, of all bacteria species on Earth.

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Shutting down a gene called PRMT5 stopped metastatic estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer cells from growing after they acquired resistance to a standard therapy known as CDK4/6 inhibitors, UT Southwestern Medical Center researchers showed in a new study.

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A Ludwig Cancer Research study has discovered how a lipid molecule found at high levels within tumors undermines the anti-cancer immune response and compromises a recently approved immunotherapy known as adoptive cell therapy (ACT) using tumor infiltrating lymphocytes, or TIL-ACT.

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Scientists have developed a new method for enhancing X-ray microscopy experiments by allowing researchers to adjust experiments based on data that is being collected on the fly, potentially paving the way for more autonomous discovery.

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The single-celled organism Naegleria fowleri ranks among the deadliest human parasites. Researchers around Matthias Horn and Patrick Arthofer from the Center for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science at the University of Vienna, in an international collaboration, have discovered viruses that infect this harmful microbe. Named Naegleriavirus, these belong to the giant viruses, a group known for their unusually large particles and complex genomes.

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A recent study designed and implemented by investigators at Cedars-Sinai found that artificial intelligence (AI) can accurately evaluate cardiovascular risk during a routine chest computed tomography (CT) scan without contrast.

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Climate scientists and national security experts at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory are working together to explore the security consequences of the changing climate.

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Study in Nature Astronomy theorizes that dense stellar clusters may eject pairs of giant planets, which remain gravitationally bound to one another as they float through space.

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In a discovery that could hasten treatment for patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), UC San Francisco scientists have discovered a harbinger in the blood of some people who later went on to develop the disease. 

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In a new study published today in Nature Biomedical Engineering, researchers at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center have designed a new method for developing immunotherapy drugs using engineered peptides to elicit a natural immune response inside the body.

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Liver inflammation, a common side-effect of cancers elsewhere in the body, has long been associated with worse cancer outcomes and more recently associated with poor response to immunotherapy. Now, a team led by researchers from the Abramson Cancer Center and Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania has found a big reason why.

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With more than 200 types of cancer and every cancer individually unique, ongoing efforts to develop precision oncology treatments remain daunting. In a new study published in the journal Nature Cancer, first author Sanju Sinha, Ph.D., at Sanford Burnham Prebys, with senior authors Eytan Ruppin, M.D., Ph.D., and Alejandro Schaffer, Ph.D., at the National Cancer Institute—and colleagues—describe a first-of-its-kind computational pipeline to systematically predict patient response to cancer drugs at single-cell resolution.

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Scientists have found experimental evidence of the long-theorized Bragg glass phase present in a material. Bragg glasses display both the ordered properties of crystals and the disordered nature of glasses at the same time.

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Marine communities migrated to Antarctica during the Earth’s warmest period in 66 million years long before a mass-extinction event.

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By utilizing the power of electronic medical records, researchers from UC San Diego are uncovering the genetics of tobacco use, which would help scientists discover new ways to stop occasional tobacco use from evolving into tobacco use disorder.

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Cardiovascular diseases, including stroke and myocardial infarction, are the world's leading causes of mortality, accounting for over 18 million deaths a year. A team of KIT researchers has now identified a new cell type in blood vessels responsible for vascular growth.

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Prolonged droughts followed by sudden bursts of rainfall – how do desert soil bacteria manage to survive such harsh conditions? This long-debated question has now been answered by an ERC project led by microbiologist Dagmar Woebken from the Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science (CeMESS) at the University of Vienna.

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The protein Asc-1 serves as the gateway (either for entry or exit) for fundamental amino acids involved in cognitive processes. A new study now unveils its structure and mechanism of action.

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A group of researchers based at UC San Diego and Rady Children's Institute have advanced the understanding of how the cerebral cortex develops by tracing the lineage of certain brain cells.

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A new study offers a first look into the complex molecular changes that occur in brain cells with Lewy bodies, which are key pathological hallmarks of Parkinson’s disease and some dementias.

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In a new study, a Johns Hopkins Medicine-led research team reports that social stress during adolescence in female mice later results in prolonged elevation of the hormone cortisol after they give birth.

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Biologist B. Duygu Özpolat at Washington University in St. Louis and colleagues published a single-cell atlas for a highly regenerative annelid worm. This research may help inform stem cell technologies and regenerative medicine down the line.

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An international research team led by a researcher from the University of Vienna has for the first time directly detected stellar winds from three Sun-like stars by recording the X-ray emission from their astrospheres, and placed constraints on the mass loss rate of the stars via their stellar winds. The study is currently published in Nature Astronomy.

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A new study led by researchers at the UNC School of Medicine unravels the structure of TAS2R14, a taste receptor that allows us to taste bitter substances. In addition to solving the protein structure, the findings could help scientists develop drugs that targeting taste receptors.

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Researchers from UC San Diego have discovered the biochemical workings of an old-fashioned diabetes drug, and it's helping them develop new, safer alternatives.

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A chemical modification in the HIV-1 RNA genome whose function has been a matter of scientific debate is now confirmed to be key to the virus’s ability to survive and thrive after infecting host cells, a new study has found.

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Meandering ocean currents play an important role in the melting of Antarctic ice shelves, threatening a significant rise in sea levels.

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A team of scientists led by UF engineering researchers has unveiled a method for 3D printing that allows manufacturers to create custom-made objects more economically and sustainably.

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Soil microbes use volatile organic compounds (VOCs) as a food source but can also release VOCs as gases that enter the atmosphere.

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Humans aren’t the only living beings who find a singing voice attractive in the opposite sex – songbirds do too. For about a third of the approximately 4,000 songbird species that sing only one song, the features that make these tunes alluring to a potential mate have been a long-standing mystery.

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A new study reveals compelling evidence that forests certified by the Forest Stewardship Council®(FSC®) in Gabon and the Republic of Congo harbour a higher abundance of larger mammals and critically endangered species, such as gorillas and elephants, compared to non-FSC certified forests.

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Findings show a newly created drug can prevent runaway inflammation while still allowing the immune system to handle the virus, even when given late into infection.

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CAR T cell therapy has revolutionized the way certain types of cancer are treated, and the longer those CAR T cells live in a patient’s body, the more effectively they respond to cancer. Now, researchers have found that a protein called FOXO1 improves the survival and function of CAR T cells, which may lead to more effective CAR T cell therapies and could potentially expand its use in difficult-to-treat cancers.

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In a study in mice published in Nature, a research team showed that a newly developed compound was able to block necroptosis, a type of cell death that leads to lung inflammation and damage following infection with the flu virus.

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Wistar's Dr. Abdel-Mohsen has identified sugar abnormalities in the blood that may promote biological aging and inflammation in people living with HIV.

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Research has uncovered important new insights into the evolution of oxygen, carbon, and other vital elements over the entire history of Earth – and it could help assess which other planets can develop life, ranging from plants to animals and humans.

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The path to quantum supremacy is made challenging by the issues associated with scaling up the number of qubits. One key problem is the way that qubits are measured.

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Researchers have taken the first atomic-resolution images and demonstrated electrical control of a chiral interface state – an exotic quantum phenomenon that could help researchers advance quantum computing and energy-efficient electronics.

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New chemistries for batteries, semiconductors and more could be easier to manufacture, thanks to a new approach to making chemically complex materials that researchers at the University of Michigan and Samsung's Advanced Materials Lab have demonstrated.

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Remote work could cut hundreds of millions of tons of carbon emissions from car travel – but at the cost of billions lost in public transit revenues, according to a new study.

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A mutation in a protein regulating natural killer (NK) cells’ function is at the root of immune deficiency in some people with a rare genetic condition characterized by cognitive and developmental delay, seizures, and other manifestations. The findings also have broader implications for immunity and cell therapies.

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A new look at a carbon capture solvent shows clusters and new types of carbon dioxide chemistry that could double carbon conversion.