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Argonne researchers received three DOE Early Career Awards, which will help early-career researchers establish themselves as experts in their fields.

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In 1956, theoretical physicist David Pines predicted that electrons in a solid could form a composite particle called a demon. It's eluded detection since its prediction....until now.

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Detecting extremely distant stars, or those closest in time to the big bang, can provide insights into the first few chapters of the history of our universe. In 2022, the Hubble Space Telescope broke its own record, and spotted the most distant star yet. This star, nicknamed Earendel, emitted its light within the universe’s first billion years.

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Micro-nano fibres with wavelength-scale diameters and tapered geometries are excellent platforms for studying light-matter interactions. A novel fibre-tapering technique is reported, compactly combining plasmonic micro-heaters and deformed optical fibres. The system enabled a transfer to a scanning electron microscope for in-situ monitoring of the tapering process. The dynamics of “heat and pull” was directly visualized with nanometre precision in real-time, exemplifying in-situ observations of micro and nanoscale light-matter interactions.

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Measuring and assessing fluid viscosity is critical in a variety of industries. Successfully developing rapid, low-cost, miniaturized viscometers covering a wide measurement range has been extremely limited. The novel design of a viscometer integrates a chip-scale GaN optical device with a bendable strip. This work also demonstrates the remarkable features of fast measurement, high stability, and real-time monitoring capability, which prove its potential as a new generation of viscosity-measuring units in various practical applications.

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Structuring light emission, particularly from non-classical sources, is crucial for realizing practical high-dimensional quantum information processing. However, traditional methods rely on bulky optical elements with limited functionalities. Scientists have developed an elegant solution for controlling and manipulating dim light sources – down to the single photon level. The nanopatterned structure, a multifunctional metalens, could unleash the full potential of solid-state quantum light sources for advanced quantum photonic applications.

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Dr. Jaeyeon Pyo’s team at KERI has succeeded in realizing a three-dimensional diffraction grating that can precisely control the path of light based on 'nanoscale 3D printing technology'. This is a novel technology that can utilize the principle of structural color observed in nature for advanced display technology.

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New research from Q-MEEN-C shows that electrical stimuli passed between neighboring electrodes can also affect non-neighboring electrodes. Known as non-locality, this discovery is a crucial milestone toward creating brain-like computers with minimal energy requirements.

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After more than a decade of work, electrons are now flying through a new superconducting accelerator at the Department of Energy’s SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, preparing to power the world’s most powerful X-ray free electron laser. This project – named the Linac Coherent Light Source II (LCLS-II) – is now steps away from releasing X-ray flashes that will open a new era in scientific research at that atomic level.

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As quantum computing advances, scientists want to know how it may be better able to solve complex problems than today’s conventional computers. This research applied quantum computing to determine different energy levels for nuclei of lithium-6. This work shows how to solve a historic nuclear physics research problem on present-day commercially available quantum computer hardware.

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The U.S. Department of Energy has renewed the Midwest Integrated Center for Computational Materials. Its mission is to apply theoretical methods and software to the understanding, simulation and prediction of material properties at the atomic scale.

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Technion researchers have developed a coherent and controllable spin-optical laser based on a single atomic layer. It paves the way to study coherent spin-dependent phenomena in both classical and quantum regimes, opening new horizons in fundamental research and optoelectronic devices exploiting both electron and photon spins.

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Four scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Brookhaven National Laboratory have been selected by DOE's Office of Science to receive significant funding through its Early Career Research Program.

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Since its inception in 2010, the Early Career Research program bolsters national scientific discovery by supporting early career researchers in fields pertaining to the Office of Science.

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Electronic devices typically use the charge of electrons, but spin — their other degree of freedom — is starting to be exploited.

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Mehr Un Nisa, a postdoctoral research associate at Michigan State University, who will soon be joining MSU’s faculty, is the corresponding author of a new paper in the journal Physical Review Letters that details the discovery of the highest-energy light ever observed from the sun.

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Cornell researchers used magnetic imaging to obtain the first direct visualization of how electrons flow in a special type of insulator, and by doing so they discovered that the transport current moves through the interior of the material, rather than at the edges, as scientists had long assumed.

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In an experiment on how turbulent boundary layers respond to acceleration in the flow around them, aerospace engineers at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign observed an internal boundary layer that fundamentally changed the behavior of the flow from what would have been expected without it.

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Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) has partnered with another national lab and a seismic instrumentation monitoring company to develop a physics-based seismic-forecasting software platform to help operators and regulators better understand and manage seismic hazards at carbon storage sites.

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Dean Pierce of the Department of Energy’s Oak Ridge National Laboratory and a research team led by ORNL’s Alex Plotkowski were honored by DOE’s Vehicle Technologies Office for development of novel high-performance alloys that can withstand extreme environments.

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Using the full capabilities of the Quantinuum H1-1 quantum computer, researchers from the Department of Energy’s Oak Ridge National Laboratory not only demonstrated best practices for scientific computing on current quantum systems but also produced an intriguing scientific result. By modeling singlet fission — in which absorption of a single photon of light by a molecule produces two excited states — the team confirmed that the linear H4 molecule’s energetic levels match the fission process’s requirements.

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At particle accelerator facilities around the world, scientists rely on powerful X-rays to reveal the structure and behavior of atoms and molecules. Now, researchers from the Department of Energy’s SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory have calculated how to make X-ray pulses at X-ray free-electron lasers (XFEL) even brighter and more reliable by building a special cavity chamber and diamond mirrors around an XFEL.

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A team of researchers report a mechanical response across a layered magnetic material tied to changing its electron spin. This response could have important applications in nanodevices requiring ultra-precise and fast motion control.

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A collaboration of nuclear theorists has used supercomputers to predict the spatial distributions of charges, momentum, and other properties of "up" and "down" quarks within protons. The calculations show that the up quark is more symmetrically distributed and spread over a smaller distance than the down quark.

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Asphere is a general term for surfaces that deviate from a sphere. Aspheric surfaces include rotationally symmetric aspheric surfaces, off-axis aspheric surfaces, and freeform surfaces. Aspheric surfaces have higher degrees of freedom than spherical ones, allowing them to achieve more functions than the spherical surface.

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Novel semiconductors shows hetero-integration capability due to their low-temperature solution processability, which can be potentially be applied in constructing integrated spectrometers. Scientists in China developed a platform for integrated spectrometers by involving the conjugated-mode of the bound states in the continuum and solution-processable semiconductor. The integrated spectrometers are capable of realizing narrowband/broadband light reconstruction and in-situ hyperspectral imaging.

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The field of quantum information science (QIS) is growing at an accelerated pace, garnering the interest of research, academia, industry, and several government organizations worldwide. Stretching over a wide range of disciplines and initiatives, the quantum workforce is beginning to emerge, and with it, the chance to ensure that opportunities in this space are available to all whom show interest and promise.

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In May, a newly visible supernova dotted one of the spiral arms of Messier 101, also known as the Pinwheel Galaxy. Dubbed SN 2023ixf by NASA, it’s the closest supernova spotted in five years. An explosion of a dying star, the supernova was visible through amateur telescopes and had both hobbyist astronomers and experts abuzz over catching a glimpse, sharing tips for getting it in sight, and taking long-exposure photographs.

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Gems' unique elemental composition and atomic orientation act as a fingerprint, enabling researchers to uncover the stones’ past, and with it, historical trade routes. In AIP Advances, Khedr et al. employ three modern spectroscopic techniques to rapidly analyze gems found in the Arabian-Nubian Shield and compare them with similar gems from around the world. The authors identified elements that influence gems’ color, differentiated stones found within and outside the region, and distinguished natural from synthetic.

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Researchers from Tokyo Metropolitan University have uncovered the physics behind how foams are spread on surfaces. Balls of foam placed on a flat substrate were scraped across with a plate and observed.

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One approach to the question of why matter is more abundant than antimatter in our observable universe is observing an extremely rare nuclear process called neutrinoless double-beta decay. The MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR experiment was designed to detect this decay. Although it did not observe the decay, it achieved world-leading energy resolutions and showed the feasibility of using a larger detector to search for the hypothesized decay.

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You know that freeze-ray gun that “Batman” villain Mr. Freeze uses to “ice” his enemies? A University of Virginia professor thinks he may have figured out how to make one in real life.

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Photonic crystal structures have excellent light control properties and are hot topics in the field of photonics. For the preparation of photonic crystal structures with nanoscale three-dimensional spatial resolution inside the crystal, new femtosecond laser processing technologies are urgently needed. Scientists in China proposed a photonic crystal structure fabrication method based on nanoscale femtosecond laser multi-beam lithography. The technique will open possible ways to fabricate nanostructures for applications in optical communication and light manipulation.

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Myoung-Hwan Kim’s research will look to resolve quantum computing challenges.

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Although the location of St. Croix is perfect for a VLBA antenna, the island poses significant challenges for using and maintaining a radio antenna. The St. Croix dish is located on the eastern side of the island, almost at sea level. So it is constantly bombarded by salt air, ocean rains, and even the occasional tropical storm.

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Michael DePhillips joined Brookhaven over 30 years ago to study ecological systems. After years seven at RHIC, he now manages intelligence work at the Lab. While they may seem different, there is a common thread connecting his many roles—computer code.

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A young planet whirling around a petulant red dwarf star is changing in unpredictable ways orbit-by-orbit. It is so close to its parent star that it experiences a consistent, torrential blast of energy, which evaporates its hydrogen atmosphere — causing it to puff off the planet. But during one orbit observed with Hubble, the planet looked like it wasn't losing any material at all, while an orbit observed with Hubble a year and a half later showed clear signs of atmospheric loss.

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As the next generation of giant, high-powered observatories begin to come online, a new study suggests that their instruments may offer scientists an unparalleled opportunity to discern what weather may be like on far-away exoplanets.

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It is our pleasure to announce the appointment of John Schellnhuber as the new IIASA Director General effective from 1 December 2023.

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In a new study published, authors invert a classical approach to modeling food webs.

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PNNL scientists design a highly sensitive neutrino detector for the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment.