AIP Congratulates 2022 Nobel Prize Winners in Physics
The 2022 Nobel Prize in physics was awarded to Alain Aspect, John F. Clauser, and Anton Zeilinger "for experiments with entangled photons, establishing the violation of Bell inequalities and pioneering quantum information science." To help journalists and the public understand the context of this work, AIP is compiling a Nobel Prize resources page featuring relevant scientific papers and articles, quotes from experts, photos, multimedia, and other resources.
Spilling the Secrets of Quantum Entanglement
Scientists recently tested the ability of three techniques called entanglement witnesses to accurately identify pairs of entangled magnetic particles. Of the three, quantum Fisher information (QFI) performed best, routinely locating entanglement in complex materials. This work is the most thorough examination of QFI's capabilities to date and is the first to apply QFI to massive solid materials.
Leaping Lizards! It's the latest research news on Dinosaurs and other prehistoric creatures in the Dinosaur channel
The latest dinosaur discoveries in the Dinosaurs channel on Newswise.
DOE's Office of Science Graduate Student Research (SCGSR) Program Selects 44 Outstanding U.S. Graduate Students
The Department of Energy's (DOE's) Office of Science has selected 44 graduate students representing 24 states for the Office of Science Graduate Student Research (SCGSR) program's 2022 Solicitation 1 cycle. Through world-class training and access to state-of-the-art facilities and resources at DOE National Laboratories, SCGSR prepares graduate students to enter jobs of critical importance to the DOE mission and secures our national position at the forefront of discovery and innovation.
How Stiff Is the Proton?
The quarks and gluons in a proton and their interaction determine the proton's structure. This structure deforms when exposed to external electric and magnetic (EM) fields, a phenomenon known as polarizability. Scientists use Effective Field Theories (EFTs) to link the description of neutron structure and polarizability to theories of the strong neutron force. In this research, scientists validated EFTs using proton Compton scattering.
Argonne research to help U.S. achieve net-zero carbon emissions goal
The national laboratory is focusing research and expertise toward critical new carbon dioxide removal technologies.
Harvard researchers detect the first definitive proof of elusive sea level fingerprints
When ice sheets melt, something strange and highly counterintuitive happens to sea levels.
FAST reveals dynamically evolving environment around a repeating fast radio burst source
Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are highly dispersed millisecond-duration radio bursts. They are extremely powerful - comparable to the amount of energy modern human civilization could produce over tens of billions of years.
New Superconducting Qubit Testbed Benefits Quantum Information Science Development
A new testbed facility capable of testing superconducting qubit fidelity in a controlled environment free of stray background radiation will benefit quantum information sciences and the development of quantum computing.
Heating System in the Apartment Affects the Spread of Coronavirus
RUDN University engineer with colleagues from Iran built an aerodynamic model of the spread of coronavirus in an apartment. The authors compared different heating systems and calculated which option is the safest in terms of the spreading the virus.
New light for shaping electron beams
A new technique that combines electron microscopy and laser technology enables programmable, arbitrary shaping of electron beams. It can potentially be used for optimizing electron optics and for adaptive electron microscopy, maximizing sensitivity while minimizing beam-induced damage. This fundamental and disruptive technology was now demonstrated by researchers at the University of Vienna, and the University of Siegen. The results are published in PRX.
Can gold mining be more sustainable?
In a review paper recently published in the journal Land Degradation and Development, Shrabya Timsina and Nora Hardy focused on the effects of surface gold mining in tropical regions, a growing environmental concern in recent years.
Near-Threshold Resonance Helps Explain a Controversial Measurement of Exotic Decay in Beryllium-11
Physicists have observed a narrow proton-decaying resonance in beryllium-11. This result supports evidence that the beta-delayed proton decay of beryllium-11 is a sequential two-step process where a near-threshold resonance in beryllium-11 is populated first in a beta decay with a subsequent proton emission.
Physicists Receive $12.6M From Department of Energy to Continue Exploring Next-Generation Computing Materials
Through a highly competitive process, the Department of Energy (DOE) has announced $12.6 million in renewed funding for Quantum Materials for Energy Efficient Neuromorphic Computing (Q-MEEN-C) -- led by the University of California San Diego.
$4M NSF award brings next-generation microscope to UIC
New lens design allows for atomic-resolution imaging as well as chemical analysis of critical materials
Active Matter, Curved Spaces: Mini Robots Learn to 'Swim' on Stretchy Surfaces
Physicists are using small wheeled robots to better understand indirect mechanical interactions, how they play a role in active matter, and how we can control them. Their findings are recently published in the The Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS).
Machine learning helps scientists peer (a second) into the future
The past may be a fixed and immutable point, but with the help of machine learning, the future can at times be more easily divined.
Scientists bring the fusion energy that lights the sun and stars closer to reality on Earth
PPPL scientists propose an explanation for the thermal quench, the sudden heat loss that precedes disruptions in doughnut-shaped tokamak fusion facilities.
Casting Shadows on Solar Cells Connected in Series
Even small objects, such as dust and leaves, can block sunlight from reaching solar cells, and understanding how the loss of incoming radiation affects power output is essential for optimizing photovoltaic technology. In the Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy, researchers explore how different shade conditions impact performance of single solar cells and two-cell systems connected in series and parallel. They found that the decrease in output current of a single cell or two cells connected in parallel was nearly identical to the ratio of shade to sunlight. However, for two cells running in series, there was excess power loss.
A different kind of chaos
Physicists at UC Santa Barbara and the University of Maryland, and also at the University of Washington have found an answer to the longstanding physics question: How do interparticle interactions affect dynamical localization?
Artificial intelligence reduces a 100,000-equation quantum physics problem to only four equations
Using artificial intelligence, physicists have compressed a daunting quantum problem that until now required 100,000 equations into a bite-size task of as few as four equations -- all without sacrificing accuracy.
Pitt, Swansea physicists find signs of pentaquark states, new matter
Theorists at the University of Pittsburgh and Swansea University have shown that recent experimental results from the CERN collider give strong evidence for a new form of matter. In a paper published online today in Physical Review D, physicists Tim Burns of Swansea in Wales and Eric Swanson at Pitt argue that their findings can be understood only if a new type of matter exists.
Department of Energy Announces $56 Million for Research on Mathematical Multifaceted Integrated Capability Centers
The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) announced $56 million in funding for four projects in fundamental mathematics research on problems of interest to DOE that require the integration of multiple mathematical topic areas.
Carbon-neutralizing propylene production catalyzes change in petrochemical engineering
Hokkaido University researchers find a new way of producing the industrially important propylene that is more energy efficient than existing approaches--and in the process turns carbon dioxide into another usable resource.
BLIP Celebrates 50th Anniversary
Fifty years ago, in 1972, the Brookhaven Linac Isotope Producer (BLIP) began operation. It was the world's first facility to use high-energy particle beams to produce radioisotopes that are rare, new, or commercially unavailable. Since then, BLIP's isotopes have been used for a variety of purposes -- chief among them, the diagnosis and treatment of disease.