Pritzker Molecular Engineering professors David Awschalom and Liang Jiang awarded $1 million for development of South Korea-U.S. quantum center
The National Research Foundation of South Korea (NRF) has awarded two professors from the University of Chicago's Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering (PME) $1 million to co-lead the creation of a South Korea-U.S. joint research center dedicated to quantum error correction. Prof. David Awschalom and Prof. Liang Jiang will serve as co-principal investigators for The Center for Quantum Error Correction, which seeks to improve the fidelity of networked quantum computing systems.
Researchers look for concrete answers to decades-old art mystery
X-rays from Argonne's Advanced Photon Source could help illuminate the contents of artist Wolf Vostell's Concrete Book. The answer may change the way this artist's work is studied and presented.
Researchers have used beams of muons to analyze the elemental composition of Asteroid Ryugu samples
Stone samples brought back to Earth from asteroid Ryugu have had their elemental composition analyzed using an artificially generated muon beam from the particle accelerator in J-PARC.
Teams of sperm swim more smoothly against the current
Scientists find three biological benefits to group swimming of sperm when navigating the female reproductive tract that may also inform studies on infertility.
Smashing Heavy Nuclei Reveals Proton Size
Understanding how protons and neutrons are distributed in nuclei can reveal how large those nucleons appear when probed at high energy and contribute to understanding of their constituent quarks and gluons. This work used comparisons between model calculations and new precision data from collisions of heavy ions to access the distribution of gluons and predict the size of the proton. This knowledge can eliminate significant uncertainties about the initial state of the quark-gluon plasma created in heavy-ion collisions.
Scientists Show How to Increase the Service Life of an Automotive Suspension
RUDN University professor with colleagues from Iran, Malaysia, and Pakistan conducted computer simulations and was able to predict the service life of the steering knuckle - an important part of the automotive suspension. It takes on the main load when turning and hitting the wheels, so the reliability of the car largely depends on its strength.
Department of Energy Announces $30 Million for Research on High Energy Physics through Advanced Computing
Today, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) announced $30 million in funding for five projects in computation and simulation techniques and tools to understand the universe via collaborations that enable effective use of DOE high-performance computers. The Scientific Discovery through Advanced Computing (SciDAC) partnership in high energy physics brings together applied mathematicians and computer scientists with physicists to deliver scientific discoveries that would not be possible without advanced high-performance computers (HPCs).
Astronomers Unveil New - and Puzzling - Features of Mysterious Fast Radio Bursts
More than 15 years after deep-space fast radio bursts were first discovered, their perplexing nature continues to surprise astronomers - and newly published research only deepens the mystery surrounding them.
Passive cooling system could benefit off-grid locations
As the world gets warmer, the use of power-hungry air conditioning systems is projected to increase significantly, putting a strain on existing power grids and bypassing many locations with little or no reliable electric power.
New method for measuring high energy density plasmas and facilitating inertial confinement fusion
Story describes a key step for designing lasers to ignite reactions.
Bird's enzyme points toward novel therapies
Thank the rare crested ibis for a clue that could someday help our bodies make better drugs.
African School of Physics Brings New Opportunities
The 7th African School of Fundamental Physics and Applications (ASP) will be held in-person at Nelson Mandela University in Gqeberha, South Africa, from November 28 to December 9, 2022. Teams of leading physicists from U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) national laboratories and universities and other institutions across the U.S., Europe, Asia, and Africa will introduce more than 70 African graduate students to physics theories, experiments, and technologies.
The Building Blocks for Exploring New Exotic States of Matter
Researchers have created a new intrinsic ferromagnetic topological insulator consisting of layers of manganese, bismuth, and tellurium atoms. The material requires no external magnetic field to study its unique properties, providing opportunities to explore novel phases of matter and the basic science of quantum material and to develop new technologies.
Lithium-ion batteries: One size does not fit all in application or in assessment
Seeing is believing -- or, rather, seeing can aid in understanding, especially when it comes to the mechanisms underpinning lithium-ion batteries.
What they did this summer: perspectives from five Open Quantum Initiative undergraduate fellows
This summer, five undergraduates conducted Q-NEXT research as part of the Open Quantum Initiative Undergraduate Fellowship program. In this Q&A, they share their research experiences and aspirations.
Quantum Chemistry Finds a New Path on Quantum Devices
A team of researchers from the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Brookhaven National Laboratory and Stony Brook University have devised a new quantum algorithm to compute the lowest energies of molecules at specific configurations during chemical reactions, including when their chemical bonds are broken.
Satellite mission confirms cornerstone of general relativity is unshakeable
The MICROSCOPE mission has confirmed the 'equivalence principle' with unprecedented accuracy, bolstering Einstein's general relativity.
Researchers at SLAC use purified liquid xenon to search for mysterious dark matter particles
An enormous vat of pure liquid xenon will help scientists at SLAC and around the globe learn more about the universe.
Photovoltaics Expert to Highlight Groundbreaking Research and Technological Innovation as Editor-in-Chief of APL Energy
AIP Publishing is excited to announce Monica Lira-Cantu as the founding Editor-in-Chief of APL Energy, its newest gold open access journal. She will lead APL Energy in its mission to disseminate research related to energy and its storage, conversion, sources, and materials. The journal will also examine renewability, sustainability, and the environmental impacts of energy technologies. It will open for submissions in 2022 and begin publishing in 2023.
Record-Breaking Radiation Detection Pins Down Element Formation in Stellar Novae
To simulate stellar novae accurately on computers, researchers need accurate inputs for nuclear reaction rates. Nuclear physicists have now determined an important and challenging proton-capture reaction rate using laboratory experiments. A state-of-the-art nova simulation incorporates the new experimental information, allowing physicists to compare the results for comparison to actual nova observations.
Put a Ring On It: How Gravity Gives Astronomers a Powerful Lens On the Universe
Gravity can change the path of light, and sometimes focuses the light of distant galaxies to create a gravitational lens or Einstein Ring. It is a common sight in modern deep field images, but the effect was first seen by the Very Large Array in 1987.
Rensselaer Physics Researcher To Advance Potentially Revolutionary Experiment
It is believed to be exceedingly rare and slow, but if it actually exists, it would redefine the laws of physics: it's called neutrinoless double beta decay (NDBD). Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute's Ethan Brown, associate professor of physics, applied physics, and astronomy, has received a $285,000 grant from the Department of Energy to contribute to the nEXO experiment to prove that NDBD exists.
DOE Announces $178 Million to Advance Bioenergy Technology
The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) today announced $178 million for bioenergy research to advance sustainable technology breakthroughs that can improve public, health, help address climate change, improve food and agricultural production, and create more resilient supply chains. This funding will support cutting-edge biotechnology R&D of bioenergy crops, industrial microorganisms, and microbiomes. Alternative clean energy sources like bioenergy are playing a key role in reaching President Biden's goal of a net-zero carbon economy by 2050.
Where do high-energy particles that endanger satellites, astronauts and airplanes come from?
For decades, scientists have been trying to solve a vexing problem about the weather in outer space: At unpredictable times, high-energy particles bombard the earth and objects outside the earth's atmosphere with radiation that can endanger the lives of astronauts and destroy satellites' electronic equipment.
Muscle Models Mimic Diabetes, Inform Personalized Medicine
Scientists are using in vitro skeletal muscle engineering to gain a better understanding of the complex genetic and environmental factors underlying diabetes, putting lab-grown, healthy skeletal muscle tissues in a state resembling diabetes or growing skeletal muscle from diabetic patients' muscle stem cells. In Biophysics Reviews, researchers describe how skeletal muscle engineering has advanced significantly during the past few decades and recent developments that make it easier to explore diabetes in humans and have led to more personalized medicine.