Feature Channels: All Journal News

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Conditions in peatlands slow microbial decomposition of organic matter into greenhouse gases. This process stores carbon in the soil. Researchers use the Spruce and Peatland Responses Under Changing Environments (SPRUCE) experiment to warm air and soil in a northern Minnesota bog to simulate the effects of climate change on the carbon cycle. The experiments showed that all organic soil components can break down more quickly in warmer conditions.

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Greg Rouse, a marine biologist at UC San Diego’s Scripps Institution of Oceanography, and other researchers have discovered a new species of deep-sea worm living near a methane seep some 50 kilometers (30 miles) off the Pacific coast of Costa Rica. Rouse, curator of the Scripps Benthic Invertebrate Collection, co-authored a study describing the new species in the journal PLOS ONE that was published on March 6.

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An injectable hydrogel can mitigate damage to the right ventricle of the heart with chronic pressure overload, according to a new study published March 6 in Journals of the American College of Cardiology: Basic to Translational Science.  The study, by a research team from the University of California San Diego, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, was conducted in rodents.

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Acute and chronic consumption of high-glycemic food was associated with lower attractiveness ratings, independent of factors such as BMI and age.

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Four children who acquired HIV in utero have remained free of detectable HIV for more than one year, according to new findings that were presented today, March 6, at the Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI) in Denver, Colo. The study is part of ongoing, multinational research led in part by scientists from Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine and Stanley Manne Children’s Research Institute at Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago.

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A grey seal has been seen spitting a jet of water at a sea eagle, a defensive behaviour that hasn’t been reported before, according to a new study from the University of Portsmouth.

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UC San Diego engineers developed a cathode material for lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries that is healable and highly conductive, overcoming longstanding challenges of traditional sulfur cathodes. The advance holds promise for bringing more energy dense and low-cost Li-S batteries closer to market.

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Safety concerns for patients undergoing anesthesia who use glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs), which are medications approved for diabetes and weight management, were revealed in a UTHealth Houston study published today in JAMA Surgery.

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Study in mice reveals novel gasping reflex triggered by cells in the lungs when the airway is restricted

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Research co-led by an investigator at Johns Hopkins Children’s Center shows that four children born with HIV who were safely removed from antiretroviral therapy (ART) continued to have undetectable levels of the virus for about a year or more without treatment. The children were among 54 newborns who were given very early treatment within the first 48 hours of life — rather than within weeks or months, as is typical. [email protected]

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Researchers at the Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center and the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine have developed an algorithm to identify high-risk precancerous lesions on the fallopian tubes.

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Neutron star mergers are a treasure trove for new physics signals, with implications for determining the true nature of dark matter, according to research from physicist Bhupal Dev at Washington University in St. Louis.

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The Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS) has developed a hybrid nano-microscope capable of simultaneously measuring various nano-material properties.

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3D reconstructions of thousands specimens are now available online.

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Is it possible to convert CO2 back to fuels or other useful chemicals? Absolutely – but not in a very targeted way just yet. Empa researcher Alessandro Senocrate is looking at defects in materials that will help us achieve this goal.

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Scientists from the National University of Singapore (NUS) have developed a novel triple-junction perovskite/Si tandem solar cell that can achieve a certified world-record power conversion efficiency of 27.1 per cent across a solar energy absorption area of 1 sq cm, representing the best-performing triple-junction perovskite/Si tandem solar cell thus far. To achieve this, the team engineered a new cyanate-integrated perovskite solar cell that is stable and energy efficient.

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An international team of scientists captures the first clear evidence in the field of Criegee intermediates, which help form aerosols in the atmosphere that impact air quality and human health.

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Fragile X syndrome is one of the most commonly inherited forms of autism and intellectual disability, and no treatment currently exists. But a team of University of Illinois researchers has discovered a novel receptor function that may be used in a therapeutic approach to treatment.

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A landmark study conducted at four sites, including Joslin Diabetes Center, reports that people with type 2 diabetes who underwent bariatric surgery achieved better long-term blood glucose control compared to people who received medical management plus lifestyle interventions. Participants who underwent bariatric surgery, also called metabolic or weight-loss surgery, were also more likely to stop needing diabetes medications and had higher rates of diabetes remission up to 12 years post-surgery. The findings, published in JAMA, suggest that weight loss surgery may carry benefits for people with diabetes, even those who are below the traditional BMI threshold of 35 for bariatric surgery.

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Semaglutide is a safe, effective therapy for a common fatty liver disease in people with HIV, according to the results of a clinical trial presented by UTHealth Houston.

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New Cleveland Clinic-led research points to sildenafil (Viagra) as a potential treatment for Alzheimer’s disease. The study provides evidence from computational models, insurance claims data and observations from brain cells in Alzheimer’s patients. Sildenafil is the main component of drugs used to treat erectile dysfunction (Viagra) and pulmonary arterial hypertension (Revatio).

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Dental practitioners worldwide are enthusiastically adopting the Dental Operative Microscope (DOM), revolutionizing dentistry with precision, efficiency, and better patient care. Originally introduced in endodontics, the DOM has evolved significantly over four decades, extending its influence throughout dentistry. This groundbreaking technology offers enhanced visualization through magnification, increased brightness, and precise maneuverability, transforming dental diagnostics and treatment.

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Researchers flip the switch at the nanoscale by applying light to induce bonding for single-molecule device switching.

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When biologist Elizabeth Carlen in Arts & Sciences saw that squirrels were not being reported in north St. Louis, she wanted to know why. Her new paper in People & Nature illustrates how social and ecological factors can create bias in contributory science data.

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In this new video, Eysenbach shares the origins of the Journal of Medical Internet Research and the driving forces that led him to establish an open access digital health journal. His passion for publishing, coupled with a background in medicine and information and computer science, fueled his vision to leverage the internet's transformative power in making medical information accessible to both professionals and consumers.

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Discover BMB, the annual meeting of the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology will be held March 23–26 in San Antonio. Secure your front-row seat to cutting-edge findings, approaches and technologies in the biological sciences by registering for a complimentary press pass to attend in person or to access press materials electronically.

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Scientists have unveiled a groundbreaking sensor that can wirelessly detect chemical warfare agents, marking a significant leap in public safety technology. This innovative device, capable of identifying substances like dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP), offers a new level of efficiency and reliability in monitoring and responding to chemical threats, without the need for direct power sources or physical connections.

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A new report – part of The State of Open Data series – provides real-world insights into how the research community is responding to the challenges of data sharing.

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Dr. Han Seong-Tae's team at KERI's Industry Applications Research Division has developed the core technology of 'electron guns', the heart of 'electron beam welders', which had been dependent on imports for more than 99%.

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Cronobacter sakazakii is a harmful germ that can be found in powdered baby formula. It can cause very serious health problems in infants, such as meningitis and septicemia. Right now, it takes a long time and is complicated to check if the germ is in the formula. However, a new study has created a special test that uses a computer program to find the germ in the formula. This new method makes it easier and faster to find the germ, which is known for causing serious illness in babies. It helps make sure that baby formula is safe to use.

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Scientists are using the imperfections in magnetic fields that confine a fusion reaction to improve and enhance the plasma in an approach outlined in a new paper in the journal Nature Communications. PPPL Physicist Seong-Moo Yang led the research team, which spans various institutions in the U.S. and South Korea. Yang says this is the first time any research team has validated a systematic approach to tailoring magnetic field imperfections to make the plasma suitable for use as a power source. These magnetic field imperfections are known as error fields.

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An international collaboration of scientists with the participation of an ecologist from RUDN University conducted the first global analysis of leaf type. In addition, the authors described the current state of forests and said what will happen to them by the end of the century due to climate change.

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An international collaboration of scientists with the participation of a RUDN ecologist has for the first time assessed the natural potential of the world's forests to retain carbon. The results can be called hopeful - those regions where forests can still be restored have great potential and will help reduce the amount of greenhouse gases.

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RUDN engineers found how internal combustion engine performance changes with rapeseed oil instead of regular diesel fuel. This data will help regulate engine operation and, in the future, switch to plant biofuel.

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Counties could save money and keep more people out of jail by improving access to community-based mental health and substance use disorder services, according to a study led by a Michigan State University College of Human Medicine professor.

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Stock market anomalies, which by their nature perform contrary to the notion of efficient markets, are appealing to investors.

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A team of Iowa State University researchers developed protocols for growing organoids that mimic a turtle liver, the first organoids developed for a turtle and only the second for any reptile. The discovery will aid deeper study of turtle genetics, including the cause of traits with potential medical applications for humans such as the ability to survive weeks without oxygen.

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Experimentalists and theorists have provided strong evidence for the creation of an exotic isotope, nitrogen-9, which has two neutrons and seven protons. This unbalanced ratio of protons to neutrons produces a nucleus that only survives for less than one-billionth of a nanosecond. The work also provides information on nitrogen-9’s mirror nucleus, helium-9, which has two protons to its seven neutrons.

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A recently published study that shows lactating mothers who get the COVID-19 booster pass along the antibodies to their children via their breast milk – and potentially protect babies too young to receive the vaccine.

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The International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) has identified a lack of consensus among public health officials about whether SWL from artificial sources disrupts circadian rhythm, and if so, whether SWL-disrupted circadian rhythm is associated with adverse health outcomes.

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Researchers at the Beckman Institute developed an artificial intelligence model that can accurately identify tumors and diseases in medical images. The tool draws a map to explain each diagnosis, helping doctors follow its line of reasoning, check for accuracy, and explain the results to patients.

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Researchers have developed a new generation of high-performance DNA aptamers and highly accurate drug sensors for cocaine and other opioids. The sensors are drug specific and can detect trace amounts of fentanyl, heroin, and cocaine – even when these drugs are mixed with other drugs or with cutting agents and adulterants such as caffeine, sugar, or procaine.

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New research from Washington University in St. Louis finds women are less likely than men to continue pursuing a patent after an initial rejection. The finding highlights potential interventions that could help close the gender gap in patent applications.