Focus: Hidden - Ohio

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Diagnostic and treatment advances are helping patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy—one of nine major types of muscular dystrophy that affects males—live into their 30s and beyond, raising challenges in such areas as education, vocation, levels of independence, personal relationships, emotional health, and intimacy. To address these shifting circumstances, as well as reflect promising new treatment options, new guidelines aimed at physicians who care for DMD patients have recently been issued.

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A member of the Baldwin Wallace University public health faculty is helping to lead an international research project to investigate how variations in climate are affecting Southeast Asia’s susceptibility to deadly mosquito-borne illnesses, particularly dengue fever, the fastest spreading mosquito-borne viral disease in the world.

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ORLANDO: Cleveland Clinic researchers found that implementing a four-step protocol for the most severe type of heart attack not only improved outcomes and reduced mortality in both men and women, but eliminated or reduced the gender disparities in care and outcomes typically seen in this type of event. The research was presented at the American College of Cardiology’s 67th Annual Scientific Session and published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

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Announcement of funding opportunity for physician-scientists to advance their discoveries into medicines.

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"Growth mindset interventions," do not work for most students in most circumstances, according to a new study co-authored by Case Western Reserve University researchers.

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One in five teachers who were the victims of physical or verbal violence at their schools didn’t report the incidents to school administrators, according to a nationwide study.The results showed that significant minorities of teachers who experienced violence also didn’t tell their colleagues (14 percent) or family (24 percent).

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Physicians at Ohio State University are taking an innovative approach to improve care for patients receiving aortic valve replacements. They’re working alongside biomedical engineers from Ohio State’s College of Engineering, who have developed a way to model and predict potential complications so they can be avoided.

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Researchers have shown that omega fatty acid supplements may improve autism spectrum disorder symptoms in toddlers who were born very preterm. Dr. Keim and her team conducted a study where 31 toddlers who were born prematurely participated. For 3 months, half of them took a daily dietary supplement that contained a special combination of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, and the other half took a placebo. The group that took the daily omega fatty acid supplement exhibited a greater reduction in ASD symptoms than those who took the placebo, according to ratings provided by the children’s parents.

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Richard Martin, MD, professor of pediatrics, reproductive biology, and physiology at Case Western Reserve School of Medicine, and director of neonatal research programs and Drusinsky-Fanaroff Chair in Neonatology at University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, has been selected as the recipient of the 2018 Mary Ellen Avery Neonatal Research Award.

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Researchers at The Ohio State University report that they’ve figured out the mechanism by which the CRISPR gene-editing enzyme Cas9 determines where and when to cut DNA strands—a discovery that could help prevent gene-cutting errors.

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Psychedelic mushrooms likely developed their “magical” properties to trip up fungi-munching insects, suggests new research. The work helps explain a biological mystery and could open scientific doors to studies of novel treatments for neurological disease.

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Andrew Pieper, MD, PhD, one of the nation’s leading physician-scientists in the field of neuropsychiatric disorders, has joined the Harrington Discovery Institute – part of The Harrington Project for Discovery & Development – at University Hospitals in Cleveland.

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Cleaning up beaches could boost local economies in addition to preserving natural treasures and animal habitats.

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Women face several options when it comes to birth control, so potential side effects often factor into their decision. Depression is a common concern for many women, but a new study by researchers at The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center is putting patients at ease.

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Tip sheet about potential injuries that could be caused by using cotton swabs to clean ears and safer options.

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An international team of researchers led by a Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine scientist has uncovered a novel mechanism in which a protein—neuregulin 3—controls how key neurotransmitters are released in the brain during schizophrenia. The protein is elevated in people with schizophrenia and other severe mental illnesses, but the study is the first to investigate how it causes such severe mental illness.

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A new study led by the Center for Injury Research and Policy at Nationwide Children’s Hospital used data from a national survey to examine the effectiveness of state-level cellphone laws in decreasing teens’ use of cellphones while driving. The study, done in conjunction with researchers from West Virginia University and the University of Minnesota, and published today in Journal of Adolescent Health, looked at state-level cellphone laws and differences in both texting and hand-held cellphone conversations among teen drivers across four years.

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The Biospecimen Core Resource (BCR) in The Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital has received a new $4.5 million federal contract — with the potential of reaching more than $49.9 million over five years — to accept, process, ensure quality, and distribute tumor derivatives for a number of national cancer research projects. The BCR is part of a national processing and analysis pipeline supporting large scale cancer genomic projects.

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Article about research underway for uterine fibroids at University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center.

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A task force led by researchers at the Byrd Polar and Climate Research Center at The Ohio State University has released a draft action plan to help central Ohio prepare for climate change.

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A task force led by researchers at the Byrd Polar and Climate Research Center at The Ohio State University has released a draft action plan to help central Ohio prepare for climate change.

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Case Western Reserve and Cleveland Clinic are leading development of a computerized tissue-imaging program that could soon help identify which lung cancer patients are likely to face an earlier recurrence of the disease.

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Biomedical engineers at Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland, Ohio, and Worcester Polytechnic Institute in Worcester, Mass. are growing tracheas by coaxing cells to form three distinct tissue types after assembling them into a tube structure-without relying on scaffolding strategies currently being investigated by other groups.

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When people eat at home, there’s typically not much left on their plates – and that means there’s likely less going to landfills, according to new research from The Ohio State University.

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In findings that one day may help people sleep better, scientists have uncovered the first molecular evidence that two anciently conserved proteins in the brains of insects and mammals share a common biological ancestry as regulators of body temperature rhythms crucial to metabolism and sleep. Researchers publish their data in the journal Genes & Development.

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Exercise has numerous, well-documented health benefits. Could it also play a role in preventing and reducing substance misuse and abuse in adolescents? This is the intriguing question that a team of investigators from Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and Cleveland Clinic seeks to answer. In a review article recently published in Birth Defects Research, the trio of researchers supplies a rationale for the use of exercise, particularly assisted exercise, in the prevention and adjunctive treatment of substance-use disorders – including alcohol, marijuana, cocaine, opioids, and heroin.

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Korie Edwards, associate professor of sociology at The Ohio State University, talks about how race and power structures are perceived in churches, and also how religion plays a role among youth.

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University Hospitals in Cleveland has been recognized as one of the most ethical companies for 2018 by the Ethisphere Institute.

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Genomic profiling of mostly untreatable and deadly nerve sheath tumors led scientists to test a possible therapeutic strategy that inhibited tumor growth in lab tests on human tumor cells and mouse models, according to research in the journal Cancer Cell.

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When it comes to heart health emergencies, many Americans don’t have the knowledge to aid others, and often don’t know the proper way to help themselves, according to a new Cleveland Clinic survey. The survey found that slightly more than half of Americans (54 percent) say they know how to perform CPR; however, only one in six know that the recommended technique for bystander CPR consists of just chest compressions – and no breaths – on an adult. Even fewer, 11 percent, know the correct pace for performing these compressions (100 to 120 beats per minute).

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In one of the first successes of its kind, researchers have inhibited the spreading of cancer cells from one part of the body to another. In doing so, they relied on a new model of how cancer metastasizes that emphasizes epigenetics, which examines how genes are turned on and off.

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When the body attacks its own healthy tissues in an autoimmune disease, peripheral nerve damage handicaps people and causes persistent neuropathic pain when insulation on healing nerves doesn’t fully regenerate. Unfortunately, there are no effective ways to treat the condition. Now scientists describe in Nature Medicine an experimental molecular therapy that restores insulation on peripheral nerves in mice, improves limb function, and results in less observable discomfort.

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A study of four medical marijuana outlets in California suggests that many of their customers don’t fit the profile expected for businesses focused on sick patients.

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More people are walking away from a type of cardiac arrest that is nearly always fatal, thanks to a new protocol being tested at The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center. It’s called an ECPR alert.

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Researchers used 3D imaging with molecular testing to uncover new insight into the earliest stages of mammalian pregnancy—offering clues to unsolved questions in pregnancy. Investigators report Feb. 9 in Nature Communications they demonstrated in mice that glands in the uterus must link and communicate directly with the embryo so it will implant and begin pregnancy.

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Cleveland Clinic researchers have published findings in Nature Communications on a new stem cell pathway that allows a highly aggressive form of breast cancer - triple-negative breast cancer - to thrive.

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Before medical science can bioengineer human organs in a lab for therapeutic use, two remaining hurdles are ensuring genetic stability—so the organs are free from the risk of tumor growth—and producing organ tissues of sufficient volume and size for viable transplant into people. Scientists report in Stem Cell Reports achieving both goals with a new production method for bioengineered human gut and liver tissues.

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A research team at Case Western Reserve is asking an important question about the self-evident paradox standing in the way of our generally accepted theory of how the Earth's inner core formed. The "inner core nucleation paradox" suggests that there is now satisfactory solution to account for the existence of a solid inner core. So, now what?

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Dr. Sandra Faulkner’s new book, “Real Women Run: Running as Feminist Embodiment,” brings poetic inquiry, ethnography and feminist analysis to the study of women runners of all identities and how they fit or do not fit cultural expectations. Faulkner makes the case for a more physical feminism.

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A team of researchers from Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine have used Nobel prize-winning microscope technology to see full length serotonin receptors for the first time. The tiny proteins—approximately a billionth of a meter long—are common drug targets, despite limited available information about their structure. Now, new images published in Nature Communications provide snapshots of the receptors, including details about molecular binding sites that could lead to more precise drug design.

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New research provides the strongest evidence to date that the race of a political officeholder can have a significant effect on policy – at least historically.

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Marlene R. Miller, MD, MSc, has been appointed Pediatrician-in-Chief for University Hospitals and chair of the Department of Pediatrics at University Hospitals Rainbow Babies & Children’s Hospital (UH Rainbow). Dr. Miller will also be nominated for appointment by President Barbara R. Snyder as chair of Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine's Department of Pediatrics at University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center. She comes to UH from the Johns Hopkins Children’s Center in Baltimore, where she served as vice chair of quality and safety since 2003, and as chief quality officer, pediatrics, for the health system since 2014.

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A woman’s memories of a loved one’s experience with cancer could play a significant role in how she approaches breast cancer prevention in her own life, a new study has found.

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Announcement of deputy director for research at University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center in Cleveland.

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Shape-shifters aren’t just the stuff of fiction, they’re real—and they’re inside our DNA. In the Feb. 1 issue of the journal Nature, researchers describe how two mismatched bases in human DNA change shape in order to avoid the body’s natural defenses against genetic mutations.

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A new scientific statement issued by the American Heart Association underscores the commonalities between cardiovascular disease and breast cancer among women, and it calls for more focus on research and specialized treatment where the diseases overlap.

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Scientists discovered how a gene mutation affects T cell function to promote immune disorders and then tested a treatment based on the discovery—successfully fixing donated immune cells from a 16-year-old boy with an abnormally low level of white blood cells called lymphopenia. Researchers report their findings Jan. 30 in Nature Communications

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Announcement of new chief marketing officer for the University Hospitals system in Northeast Ohio.

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It is a parent’s nightmare: a child is born apparently healthy, then stops meeting developmental milestones at one year old. Her verbal and motor skills vanish, and irregular breathing, seizures, and a host of other problems appear. The cause is Rett syndrome—a devastating genetic, neurologic disorder that typically affects girls, resulting in severe disability and often accompanied by autistic behavior. Most Rett patients will live into middle age and require specialized full-time care. There is no cure, but researchers from Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine have been working to find ways to restore brain function and reverse disabilities associated with Rett syndrome.

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An experienced interdisciplinary team of psoriasis and computational researchers from Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine (CWRU SOM) and University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center (UHCMC) has received a $6.5M, 5-year grant from the National Institute of Arthritis, Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS). The grant supports a Center of Research Translation in Psoriasis (CORT) at CWRU and UHCMC.