A Connecticut College psychology professor, author and researcher says the disease-based concept for addiction treatment, as embodied in recovery programs like AA, ignores the root causes of addiction and will unlikely achieve sustained recovery when used alone.
Every April since 1970, Americans have celebrated Earth Day with fairs, rallies and educational programs on the imortance of protecting the planet. The holiday serves to promote environmental values -- but it also reveals the environmental movement's problems and limitations, says a University of Maine political scientist."The holiday has proved to be a mixed legacy," says Amy Fried.
Boosting taxes on cigarettes will have a far less dramatic impact on rates of teen-age smoking than politicians are hoping, a new Cornell University study finds. In fact, say the researchers, higher taxes will have "a statistically insignificant impact" on whether young people decide to start smoking.
The difference between environmentally correct, native landscaping and a neglected, weedy neighborhood eye-sore is not universally apparent. A new book offers advice on what gardeners can do to a home landscape in cities and suburbs to make people realize it is being naturalized, rather than neglected.
Few people are cut out for pressure-cooker jobs such as being a 911 operator or an air traffic controller. University of Washington psychologist have determined that certain people seem to possess a common trait that enables them to handle these kinds of jobs, sometimes involving life and death, and have developed a new test that identifies these individuals.
The University of Wisconsin-Madison Institute on Aging will hold a colloquium and two public lectures April 23-24 exploring new research insights into successful aging.
A study by a Purdue University expert on child development shows that boys who are bullies are not only accepted, but they can actually be among the more popular youngsters in school The only students that girl bullies were more popular than were the children that nobody seemed to like - the aggressive victims.
Alarmed by the epidemic rate at which children are being exposed to violence - on the streets, in their communities, and through the media - the Johns Hopkins Children's Center has opened an Office for the Prevention of Violence to address the needs of traumatized children and to draw attention to a rapidly escalating public health threat.
In a new book, an anthropologist has found that shamans on all five continents talk of a cosmic serpent, a very long single and double entity that is the key to life. They also report seeing twins, twisted ladders and sky ropes in their visions. Many say that this form shows them that the life principle is the same for all species.
She wasn't faster than a speeding bullet, but new research seems to indicate that Lucy and other early human ancestors walked with greater ease and efficiency than previously believed, despite their short leg, says a University of Washington anthropologist.
With continued unrest threatening to boil over in corners of the former Yugoslavia, a professor at a small New Hampshire college is working to plant seeds for peace and stability there. Douglas Challenger, professor of sociology at Franklin Pierce College in Rindge, N.H., is helping educators in the former Yugoslavia learn how to promote concepts of democracy in the classroom.
High-profile shootings by students in Mississippi, Kentucky and Arkansas generate interational headlines and parental fears that school violence is the norm. But a professor who developed a method for reducing school crime says deadly incidents are anomalies that should mobilize the public to action.
A new analysis shows the tendency to "catastrophize"---to see the bad that happens to you as part of a pervasive pall of evil and pain that happens to everyone, everywhere---has been linked to an increased risk of dying before the age of 65.
Despite living in a society that is increasingly weight and appearance conscious, many American children may be headed toward sedentary, overweight adulthood. Researchers at Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center have found that as the hours of television watched by American children increases, so does their weight.
Ten million Americans, including almost 4 million children, don't get enough to eat, according to a new Cornell University/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention study. More than half of the 4 percent of Americans who report they don't have enough food live in households in which at least one person has a job, says Katherine Alaimo, a doctoral candidate in nutritional sciences at Cornell.
The vast majority of past studies on peer victimization have focused on boys and physical aggression. But new research illustrates that girls also experience peer victimization, usually relational aggression, in which a person is harmed through hurtful manipulation of their peer relationships or friendships.
The new Mount Holyoke Center for Leadership and Public Interest Advocacy has invited four prominent experts with opposing points of view to examine the potential success or failure of current directions in welfare policy and to debate both the likely outcome of current reforms.
A University of Georgia historian has discovered that it is possible for African-Americans to begin identifying particular ethnic cultural and social influences once thought unrecoverable.
A team of anthropologists from the University of Georgia has joined the Foxfire Fund, Inc., to help preserve materials collected during the 30 years of the project that studies the southern Appalachians.
A unique collection of correspondence between Indonesian adolescents and the psychology professor who has become Southeast Asia's own "Dr. Ruth" is now available at the Cornell University Library.
"Local People: The Struggle for Civil Rights in Mississippi," a book by John Dittmer, DePauw University professor of history, provides further insight into the civil rights efforts of the 1960s and the documents released by the Sovereignty Commission.
A groundbreaking new book by William Rottschaefer, professor of philosophy, Lewis & Clark College, integrates recent findings and theories in evolutionary theory, biology and psychology to explore what it means to behave morally. "The Biology and Psychology of Moral Agency" explains how people acquire and put into practice their capacities to act morally and how these capacities are reliable means to achieving true moral beliefs. Most philosophers argue that the sciences are no help at all in answering how moral action is justified. Rottschaefer argues that science has a lot to contribute.
The records of the organization Parents, Families and Friends of Lesbians and Gays (PFLAG), a collection of letters and other documents showing how a handful of American families made history and launched a national movement by publicly supporting their gay and lesbian children, is now available at Cornell University Library's Human Sexuality Collection.
Researchers say they have identified a common, but apparently mindless, psychological phenomenon that plays a previously unrecognized role in the way people form impressions of other people. Specifically, they've found that when someone attributes positive or negative traits to someone else, the listener will often attribute those same traits to the speaker. Embargoed: 3-18-98.
A Purdue University study of religion and body weight finds that religious people are more likely to be overweight than are nonreligious people. Fortunately for them, being religious may curtail some of the unhealthy effects of being overweight.
Changes in managed healthcare are creating pioneering roles for healthcare workers. This is happening against a backdrop of President Clinton's call for a national patient bill of rights and movements by several states to draft consumer protection bills for managed-care participants.
Religious beliefs are a major source of political cleavage, according to Vanderbilt political scientist Geoff Layman, who is calling for improved measurement of the effect of religous beliefs on voting.
President Clinton's proposal to spend $21.7 billion over five years to make child care affordable is a step in the right direction, but a Vanderbilt University historian says the public and policymakers need to do more to build a good system of child care. "Child care in America shouldn't just be expanded, it should also be improved," said Elizabeth Rose, assistant professor of history and author of a forthcoming book from Oxford University Press on the history of child care in America.
The age-based TV program rating system unveiled last fall as a guide to prime time television offers little help to parents who want to protect their children from television violence or alcohol-saturated programming, according to a recently completed study of the fall 1997 TV season by George Gerbner, Bell Atlantic Professor of Telecommunications at Temple University.
The tragic killings at the Connecticut State Lottery Office reflect a situation Dr. Dorothea Braginsky is investigating in a book she is working on , called "The Battered Workers Syndrome."
Preschoolers whose families get federal food benefits have much better diets and are protected from iron and zinc deficiencies, according to a new Cornell University study. And the benefits to the young children are much greater than if the families received cash allowances.
As nationwide efforts to reduce disability rolls increase the number of people re-entering the workplace with physical and mental challenges, today's businesses will need, more than ever, information on how to make the federally mandated accommodations.
Airport noise can seriously affect the health and psychological well-being of children, says a Cornell University study that looked at children before and after a new airport opened in Munich, Germany. The health effects of chronic noise -- higher blood pressure and boosted levels of stress hormones -- may have lifelong implications, says Gary Evans, an environmental psychologist.
Judges can go to surprising lengths to ensure that jurors follow their instructions, according to Vanderbilt Law Professor Nancy King, who has written a new article called "Silencing Nullification Advocacy Inside the Juryroom and Outside the Courtroom."
Images of modern women, smoking, drinking and driving cars, working and making their own decisions are bombarding the "new" Indian television and changing forever the way women in that country see themselves. Indian born Sheena Malhotra, a Ph.D. communication student at the University of New Mexico, is studying the effects of television portrayals of modern women in a culture that is traditionally patriarchal.
Three out of four mothers feel that their partner's opinion greatly influences their decision to breast-feed, according to a study at Ohio State University.
People are more likely to support assisted suicide if there is direct physician involvement in helping people end their lives, new research suggests.
There have been more than 100 other studies that looked into this question by asking people about conflicts in their marriage, or their dating or cohabiting relationships. According to Straus, co-director of the University of New Hampshire Family Research Laboratory, "every one of these 'couple conflict' studies have found about equal rates of partner assault." So, the controversy sparked by Straus largely died out.
Three days after Grandma's funeral is no time to start a family feud over her personal belongings, says a Purdue University expert on family finances. "Some people assume such decisions will take care of themselves," says Janet Bechman, Cooperative Extension Service specialist in consumer sciences and retailing. "But, in reality, the situation has resulted in many painful experiences that need not have occurred."
Check out the nearest post office on April 15 and you'll find a line of latecomers filing last-minute tax returns. If you ever want to examine why people procrastinate, contact Regina Conti, assistant professor of psychology at Colgate University. She researches procrastination.
It's the scarring left by an emotional abuse not the pain and bruises left by a violent that is more likely to trigger a battered wife's decision to leave her spouse, according to University of Washington psychologists who studied marriage marked by domestic violence.
Researchers are examining the effects of tobacco, nicotine, the industries that support their production and the public health issues that develop from tobacco use. These programs deal with virtually every area of tobacco research, from the physiological effects of nicotine, to teen smoking, to legal and financial issues.
A recent study, published in the Western Journal of Communication, by a West Virginia University assistant communications professor suggest that sons and daughters pattern their aggressive verbal styles after their mothers.
A Virginia Tech professor is using computer technology to help preserve and teach surviving languages and dialects of Native American culture.
Prevention works. It is financially and socially advantageous to foster policies that prevent people from becoming welfare recipients, according to a report to be released by the Poughkeepsie Institute.
If hostilities break out in Iraq, Rice's James A. Baker III Institute for Public Policy will open its International Conference Facility (ICF) for a specified period of time to provide local, regional, national and international media outlets expert analysis of events.
Active listening techniques tuaght by many marriage counselors do not work when couples are in conflict. Instead a new study shows that "olnly those newlywed men who are acceptingof influence from their wives are winding up in happy, stable marriages, says John Gottman, University of Washington psychology professor
Stephen Zunes, USF assistant professor of politics and director of the USF Peace and Justice Studies Program, says "The threatened United States military strikes against Iraq are a bad idea..."
Does your toddler show little interest in communicating with others? Does your 2-year-old not yet communicate with words? Is your 3-year-old's speech difficult to understand? If so, your child may need the services of a speech-language pathologist.
Facial muscle activity may serve as a tell-tale sign of latent personal prejudice, according Emory visiting psychology professor Eric Vanman, who analyzed how facial movements indicate racial bias among white college students in a study he conducted at the University of Southern California (USC).
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