Credit: Light: Science & Applications
a, The Schematic diagram of software-based Artificial Neural Network (ANN). b The schematic diagram illustrates a superconducting nanowire ANN array with independent bias currents at each pixel, allowing for the adjustment of each pixel's weight. The output voltage is dependent on the summation of voltages from each pixel and the threshold voltage. c The Schematic diagram of superconducting nanowire ANN array with the same bias current at each pixel, but different local temperature at each pixel to adjust weight. The diagram on the left portrays each pixel designed to function at an identical operational wavelength, while the diagram on the right illustrates each pixel having a distinct detection wavelength. However, by designing the normal state resistance of each device differently, it becomes possible to infer the specific detected wavelength and spatial position information from the read voltage.