Feature Channels: AIDS and HIV

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7th DC Metro Autoimmune Walk -- Linking Together for a Cure

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New research provides details of how the structure of the HIV-1 virus is assembled, findings that offer potential new targets for treatment.

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Using genetic sequencing to understand the evolutionary relationships among pathogens, an international team of researchers—including several from the Center for Drug Use and HIV/HCV Research (CDUHR) at New York University—has developed a new method to determine how effective interventions are against the spread of infectious diseases like HIV.

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Johns Hopkins scientists report they have identified two potential new drug targets for the treatment of HIV. The finding is from results of a small, preliminary study of 19 people infected with both HIV—the virus that causes AIDS—and the hepatitis C virus. The study revealed that two genes—CMPK2 and BCLG, are selectively activated in the presence of type 1 interferon, a drug once used as the first line of treatment against hepatitis C.

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In a recently published study in the journal Nature Microbiology, researchers at Los Alamos National Laboratory show that computer simulations can accurately predict the transmission of HIV across populations, which could aid in preventing the disease.

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Wolters Kluwer Health announced today it will begin publishing The Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care from the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care (ANAC). Under the new partnership, Wolters Kluwer will publish the clinical and scientific journal in its Lippincott Portfolio beginning January 2019.

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Ortho Clinical Diagnostics, a global leader of in vitro diagnostics, announced that its VITROS Immunodiagnostic Products HIV Combo Reagent Pack and Calibrator (VITROS® HIV Combo test) received approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for use on Ortho’s VITROS 3600 Immunodiagnostic System

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A monthly roundup of research briefs showcasing recent scientific advances led by Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center faculty.

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Finalists for the 2018 P3 Impact Award were announced by the Office of Global Partnerships at the U.S. Department of State, the University of Virginia Darden School of Business Institute for Business in Society and Concordia. The award recognizes exemplary public-private partnerships (P3s) that provide solutions to pressing issues in areas such as: economic development, housing, health and sanitation, and workforce.

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Experts have updated recommendations for the use of antiretroviral drugs in the treatment and prevention of HIV infection.

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Los Alamos scientist Bette Korber was recently honored with the 2018 Richard P. Feynman Innovation Prize for her ground-breaking HIV vaccine designs. Korber was recognized at a ceremony that celebrates the “Next Big Idea” – scientific breakthroughs that achieved exceptional innovation.

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A group of scientists at Texas Biomedical Research Institute have zeroed in on a new defense against HIV-1, the virus that causes AIDS. Led by Ruth Ruprecht, M.D., Ph.D., the team used an animal model to show for the first time that an antibody called Immunoglobulin M (IgM) was effective in preventing infection after mucosal AIDS virus exposure.

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After 42 years as the oldest and largest, independent non-profit organization in the United States solely focused on infectious disease research, The Center for Infectious Disease Research (CIDR) will join Seattle Children’s Research Institute to create a world-class team of researchers working to find viable solutions to infectious diseases that can pose risks to our communities, and disproportionately impact children and those in poverty.

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The National Institutes of Health has awarded a five-year, $42 million grant to the Tulane National Primate Research Center to continue its mission to fight diseases and improve human health through biomedical research.

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Nearly half of all men in a new study about intimate partner violence in male couples report being victims of abuse.

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In a new study, published July 6 in The Lancet, a team of researchers led by Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center's Dan H. Barouch, MD, PhD, in collaboration with Janssen Vaccines & Prevention and other partners, evaluated a series of preventative HIV vaccine regimens in uninfected human volunteers in five countries. In a similarly designed study, Barouch and colleagues tested the same vaccine for its ability to protect rhesus monkeys challenged with an HIV-like virus from infection. The findings showed the vaccines induced robust and comparable immune responses in humans and monkeys and protected monkeys against acquisition of infection.

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A gamified HIV prevention program reduced sexually transmitted infections by 40 percent in America's most at-risk population - men, ages 18-29, who have sex with men.

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Gay and bisexual men are disproportionately affected by HIV/AIDS illness and death in the U.S., accounting for 70 percent of new HIV infections. Furthermore, among men who have sex with men (MSM), black MSM are disproportionately at risk of HIV infection. Alcohol consumption may play a role in HIV transmission because it can lead individuals to have sex without using a condom. This study examined the links between condom use and drinking, before and during sex, and alcohol-use problems.

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An experimental model of HIV infection in mice, developed by Mount Sinai researchers, has shown that HIV causes learning and memory dysfunction, a cognitive disease that is now observed in about half of HIV infected people that worsens with age, and is currently incurable.

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Jeremy Boal, MD, President of Mount Sinai Downtown and Executive Vice President and Chief Clinical Officer of the Mount Sinai Health System, was presented the 2018 Esperanza Award by the Latino Commission on AIDS.

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Two strategies that research indicates would help alleviate America’s opioid crisis lack widespread public support, according to a study led by researchers at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.

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A new study by University of North Carolina School of Medicine researchers has found that T cells, a type of white blood cell and an essential part of the immune system, are sufficient by themselves to establish and maintain an HIV infection in the brain.

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Rutgers Global Health Institute’s director discusses how rejecting scientific facts can undermine progress in public health – and how the medical profession can further public understanding of science

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This month's tip sheet from Fred Hutch includes information about cancer care delivery and costs, partnering with Microsoft, understanding/changing cancer's genetics and a Mt. Everest climb for cancer research fundraising. To pursue any of these story ideas, please contact the individual listed for each.

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The latest research and features in cell biology in the Cell Biology News Source

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News tips from stories in the spring 2018 issue of Johns Hopkins Magazine:

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The latest research, features, and experts on HIV and AIDS.

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Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center’s latest findings will be featured at the annual meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, “Delivering Discoveries: Expanding the Reach of Precision Medicine,” to be held June 1–5 in Chicago. Here are several highlights:

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FINDINGS UCLA-led research suggests that receiving support from friends and acquaintances can help prevent black men who have sex with men from becoming infected with HIV. BACKGROUND Black men who have sex with men have disproportionately high rates of HIV infection. While social connections are known to influence the behaviors that influence people’s risk for HIV, little is known about whether they affect the risk for becoming infected with HIV.

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The latest research, experts and features in Public Health in the Public Health News Source

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TIME named University of Pennsylvania cancer and HIV gene therapy pioneer Carl June, MD, to the 2018 TIME 100, its annual list of the 100 most influential people in the world.

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An international team focused on HIV cure research spearheaded by The Wistar Institute in collaboration with the University of Pennsylvania and Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR) in Barcelona, Spain, established that the CD32 molecule is not a preferential biomarker to identify HIV silent reservoirs within the immune system of patients undergoing antiretroviral therapy (ART), as proposed by a recent landmark study.

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Researchers at the University of Minnesota and The Dow Chemical Company have joined forces to tackle one of the biggest challenges in health care—how to get life-saving medicines to work faster and better with fewer side effects.

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The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases has awarded a five-year, $15 million grant to the San Diego Center for AIDS Research (CFAR) at UC San Diego, renewing support that extends back to an original establishing grant in 1994—the height of the AIDS epidemic.

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Taking the road home to Baltimore rewards an HIV researcher and a community-minded caregiver. The city provides fertile ground for their contributions.

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Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center’s latest findings will be featured in about 50 presentations at the annual meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research, “Driving Innovative Cancer Science to Patient Care,” to be held April 14-18 in Chicago. Here are several highlights:

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Researchers at Université de Montréal and the research centres of the CHUM and CHU Sainte-Justine are banding together to conquer this rare orphan pediatric disease. They have recently proven what scientists had already suspected: the disease is autoimmune, which means that it attacks patients using their own immune system.

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With research showing that male circumcision reduces the odds of getting HIV through heterosexual sex by 60 percent, more boys and young men – primarily those between the ages of 10 and 19 – are having the procedure done, largely in eastern and southern African nations where circumcision is rarely performed at birth.

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One way to fight diseases including HIV infection and autoimmune disorders could involve changing how a naturally occurring enzyme called SAMHD1 works to influence the immune system, new research suggests.

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Click here for the latest research and features on Children's Health.

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After years of public health efforts, health care at the Los Angeles County Jail has significantly improved, and the facility now typically provides full access to treatment for inmates who have HIV — including medications that keep their disease in check. When they are released, however, many former inmates stop making regular visits to a doctor and taking the medication they need, which puts their own health at risk and increases the chance they will transmit the virus to others.

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New strategies in antiretroviral therapy, however, are charting a course for reducing dosages with longer-acting medications that have fewer side effects.

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South Africa has the worst epidemic of HIV in the world. According to the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS, 19 percent of the global number of people living with HIV are in South Africa. Many people in South Africa and around the globe do not even know they have HIV.

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Technion researchers have discovered a mechanism which may serve the foundation for the resistance of FIV, the virus that causes “Feline AIDS.” Because of the parallels between FIV and HIV-1, the researchers say the discovery could also assist in the ongoing fight against AIDS.

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New York, NY (March 19, 2018)—In a recent study, researchers at Columbia University School of Nursing found that post-menopausal women, an expanding demographic among aging HIV patients, suffer more from fatigue and muscle aches than others living with HIV—findings that could support better care management for this growing patient population.

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New University at Buffalo research that investigated the language preferences of Hispanic Americans seeking HIV testing in New York found that the majority of Hispanic patients preferred to receive care in Spanish, even if they were fluent in English.