Sewage secrets: economic factors shaping our microbiome exposed

Newswise — Understanding the global distribution and drivers of the human microbiome is crucial for public health and environmental management. Previous studies focused mainly on regional gut microbiomes, leaving a gap in our understanding of how socioeconomic factors shape these communities on a global scale. This study addresses that gap, offering valuable insights into the interplay between economic conditions, human health, and microbial diversity in sewage.

Conducted by the Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, this research (DOI: 10.1007/s11783-024-1889-z) was published on August 1, 2024, in Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering. The study examined 243 sewage samples from 60 countries across seven continents, using a metagenomic framework to identify 95.03% of human-associated microbial species. It revealed the climatic and socioeconomic factors that drive microbial diversity and composition in sewage.

The research identified distinct global patterns in the human sewage microbiome (HSM), with species richness increasing at higher latitudes and notable differences between developed and developing regions. Economic factors, such as export values and social security, were found to play a key role in shaping microbial diversity in sewage. Developed regions like Europe and North America exhibited more uniform microbial communities while developing regions showed greater variability. These findings highlight the influence of local socioeconomic conditions on the human-associated microbes found in sewage, suggesting that sewage analysis could serve as a powerful tool for monitoring public health and environmental changes. This study provides new insights into how human activities and economic conditions drive global microbial diversity.

Dr. Jianjun Wang, the lead researcher, stated, "Our findings highlight the critical role of socioeconomic factors in shaping the human microbiome. The distinct microbial patterns across continents, linked to economic variables, open new possibilities for using sewage as a non-invasive tool for global health monitoring."

The insights from this study could have a significant impact on public health and environmental strategies. By utilizing sewage analysis, authorities can gain a better understanding of microbial diversity linked to socioeconomic conditions, enabling the development of targeted interventions to mitigate health risks and improve ecosystem management globally.

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References

DOI

10.1007/s11783-024-1889-z

Original Source URL

https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-024-1889-z

Funding information

This study was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 42225708, 42372353, 92251304, 92351303, and 42002304).

About Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering (FESE) is the leading edge forum for peer-reviewed original submissions in English on all main branches of environmental disciplines. FESE welcomes original research papers, review articles, short communications, and views & comments. All the papers will be published within 6 months since they are submitted. The Editors-in-Chief are Academician Jiuhui Qu from Tsinghua University, and Prof. John C. Crittenden from Georgia Institute of Technology, USA. The journal has been indexed by almost all the authoritative databases such as SCI, Ei, INSPEC, SCOPUS, CSCD, etc.