UAB researchers have developed a new, inexpensive and efficient method for producing and studying a type of human papillomavirus (HPV) that causes cervical cancer. The process could speed understanding of how the virus functions and causes diseases, and lead to new prevention or treatment options.
Researchers at the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Burnham Institute for Medical Research and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have identified human monoclonal antibodies (mAb) that neutralize an unprecedented range of influenza A viruses, including avian influenza A (H5N1) virus, previous pandemic influenza viruses, and some seasonal influenza viruses. These antibodies have the potential for use in combination with other treatments to prevent or treat certain types of avian and seasonal flu.
In the wake of illness that sickened more than 500, Loyola physicians warn February is peak month for influenza cases in the United States.
Although only 25 percent of eligible African-American adolescents have received the HPV vaccine, a new survey presented at the American Association for Cancer Research conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities, suggests they have a positive view of the treatment and might respond to more education.
Molecules of sugar sitting on the surface of cancer cells are keys to the development of a new vaccine aimed at both treating and stopping the spread of certain types of cancers called carcinomas, which include prostate, breast, ovarian and lung, among others.
New industry-supported research from Finland suggests an HPV vaccine given to girls in Europe and elsewhere, is safe for boys as well. It is not clear, however, whether health officials will push for males to receive the vaccine on a regular basis.
Research led by Johns Hopkins Children's Center scientists has figured out why a respiratory syncytial virus vaccine used in 1966 to inoculate children against the infection instead caused severe respiratory disease and effectively stopped efforts to make a better one. The findings, published online on Dec. 14 in Nature Medicine, could restart work on effective killed-virus vaccines not only for RSV but other respiratory viruses, researchers say.
Researchers at the University of Maryland are hot on the trail of a universal flu vaccine for animals - which could ultimately help prevent or delay another avian flu pandemic in humans.
Researchers at NIST and the University of Queensland have demonstrated that they can count, size and gauge the quality of virus-like particle-based vaccines much more quickly and accurately than previously possible. Their findings could reduce the time it takes to produce a vaccine from months to weeks, allowing a much more agile and effective response to potential outbreaks.
Hypersensitivity reactions to the quadrivalent HPV vaccine (4vHPV, Gardasil) are uncommon and most schoolgirls can tolerate subsequent doses, finds the first evaluation of the quadrivalent HPV vaccine published on bmj.com today.
The costs that health care providers are charged and reimbursed for childhood vaccines vary widely, and the high cost of some immunizations is leading to significant financial strain for some physicians, according to a pair of new studies from the University of Michigan Health System.
Virginia Tech Intellectual Properties (VTIP) announced today that the US Patent and Trademark Office has granted a patent for targets and methods to develop new drugs for malaria. The target is a protein vital to the parasite's survival. The method is an entirely new mechanism of action and can help with the increasing problem of drug resistance.
Most adults are not up to date on their vaccinations, says a new report from Harvard Medical School. The report, Viruses and Infectious Diseases, describes how fast-adapting viruses pose an advancing threat to human health and urges adults to seek out new vaccines and renew their old ones.
A call to explore a broader use of HPV (human papillomavirus) vaccines and the validation of a simple oral screening test for HPV-caused oral cancers are reported in two studies by a Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center investigator.
Children who receive all recommended flu vaccine appear to be less likely to catch the respiratory virus that the CDC estimates hospitalizes 20,000 children every year. This study found that, even though the 2003-2004 and 2004-2005 flu seasons had poor matches between the vaccine and the circulating flu strains, the shots were clearly protective during the 2004-2005 year and possibly even during the 2003-2004 year.
Influenza vaccination rates are still far too low for adolescents who suffer from asthma and other illnesses that predispose them to complications from the flu.
A long awaited Canadian study on the effectiveness of universal vaccination for seasonal influenza was published by Canadian researchers yesterday in the open access journal PLoS Medicine. The study was led by Dr. Jeff Kwong, a CIHR-funded researcher at the Institute of Clinical and Evaluative Sciences and an assistant professor at the University of Toronto.
Giving people age 65 and older a dose four times larger than the standard flu vaccine boosts the amount of antibodies in their blood to levels considered protective against the flu, more so than the standard flu vaccine does. The findings from a study of nearly 4,000 people were presented Oct. 26 at a national meeting on infectious diseases.
A Dalhousie University autism expert notes that despite the lack of credible scientific evidence establishing a connection between vaccines and autism, debate continues. Is there a link or is it simply a case of celebrities and the on-line world turning speculation into something more?
The majority of children vaccinated against hepatitis B are not at an increased risk of developing multiple sclerosis (MS), according to a study to be published in the October 8, 2008, online issue of Neurology, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology.
With childhood immunization rates in New York City's low-income Latino community well below average, researchers developed a program to increase the number of Latino children who were protected against diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis, polio, measles-mumps-rubella and hepatitis B.
Newborns can be protected from seasonal flu when their mothers are vaccinated during pregnancy. Researchers observed a 63 percent reduction in proven influenza illness among infants born to vaccinated mothers while the number of serious respiratory illnesses to both mothers and infants dropped by 36 percent. The study is the first to demonstrate that the inactivated influenza vaccine provides protection to both mother and newborn.
The widely-held perception that the influenza vaccination reduces overall mortality risk in the elderly does not withstand careful scrutiny, according to researchers in Alberta. The vaccine does confer protection against specific strains of influenza, but its overall benefit appears to have been exaggerated by a number of observational studies that found a very large reduction in all-cause mortality among elderly patients who had been vaccinated.
The opinions of women about sexual matters do not play a significant role in their decisions about whether girls in their care should receive a vaccine against a sexually transmitted virus, according to a new survey. The findings counteract assumptions that some mothers refuse to let their daughters receive the HPV vaccination because they oppose sex before marriage.
A new needle-less vaccine is highly effective and can be stored without refrigeration, University of Michigan studies in animals show. The vaccine should also be safer to administer than existing hepatitis B vaccines and effective with only two immunizations. The nasal nanoemulsion may be tested in people within a year.
"Better late than never" might be a true statement when it comes to vaccinating children for chickenpox, according to a new review of studies. Only 18 percent of children given the vaccine within the three days following exposure to chickenpox developed the infection, compared with 78 percent of children who had received an inactive placebo or no vaccine.
Among patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer, the addition of hormone therapy following vaccine treatment improved overall survival compared with either treatment alone or when the vaccine followed hormone treatment, according to recent data published in the July 15 Clinical Cancer Research, a journal of the American Association for Cancer Research.
Researchers at U-M C.S. Mott Children's Hospital say using risk factors as a means to determine who should get the HPV vaccine is not an effective strategy. Their study finds that women who were sexually active as adolescents were just as likely as women who were not sexually active during their youth to get HPV as adults.
By delivering vaccine via DNA constructed to build antigens against flu, along with a minute electric pulse, researchers have immunized experimental animals against various strains of the virus. This approach could allow for the build up of vaccine reserves that could be easily and effectively dispensed in case of an epidemic.
A team of molecular biologists and computer scientists at Stony Brook University has designed and synthesized a new class of weakened polioviruses. They used their synthesizing method with computer software to systematically re-code the poliovirus genome. In doing so, the team is the first to demonstrate that a synthetic weakened virus can immunize an animal.
A vaccine to prevent shingles -- a painful and common skin rash -- has been available for more than two years, but few people reportedly are vaccinated.
One in five adolescents aged 11"“13 years appear to have inadequate protection against meningitis C and a booster dose of vaccine may therefore be needed to sustain protection amongst teenagers, according to a study published on bmj.com today.
Ronald Warner, DVM, Ph.D., associate professor in the Department of Family and Community Medicine at the Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center warns people to be cautious around wildlife to avoid contracting rabies.
A new downloadable software tool will help pediatricians, parents and other health care professionals determine how to adjust complex childhood immunization schedules when one or more vaccine doses aren't received at the proper time.
Researchers at The University of Texas Medical School at Houston have identified family history as one reason why some people might be more susceptible to shingles, a severe skin condition.
Vaccines will play a growing role in global public health, but controversies may impede their progress. That was the conclusion of four international experts at a symposium sponsored by University of the Sciences in Philadelphia, the fifth in a series on the future of health care.
A new prostate cancer vaccine may give hope to men with metastatic prostate cancer by enabling their immune systems to fight the disease. In recent years, the concept of vaccine immunotherapy for advanced prostate cancer has become increasingly high profile as research has expanded.
Group B streptococcus, a major cause of serious infections, declined about 25 percent among infants younger than 7 days from 1999 to 2005, but increased nearly 50 percent among persons 15 to 64 years old, according to a study in the May 7 issue of JAMA.
Scientific leaders from three of Canada's foremost public health vaccine research agencies will gather on the University of Saskatchewan campus tomorrow to officially launch the $25.5-million Pan-Provincial Vaccine Enterprise (PREVENT), a new national vaccine commercialization consortium.
Five internationally recognized experts on public health, vaccines, and bioethics meet at University of the Sciences in Philadelphia for its annual health policy symposium titled "The Future of Vaccines: Challenges, Successes, Opportunities."
The search for a viable HIV vaccine resonates strongly among those afflicted. In light of Merck's recent, high-profile HIV vaccine failure, and media articles calling for the abandonment of HIV vaccine research, an oft-overlooked approach may now take center stage, according to HIV expert Dr. Sylvain Fleury.
Your toddler might be improperly vaccinated, even if she's had every immunization the government recommends, according to a new study from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Seven in ten girls are likely to be vaccinated against the human papillomavirus (HPV) when a £100m national UK vaccination programme comes into effect in the autumn, according to a fast tracked study published on bmj.com today.
April 25 is World Malaria Day 2008 and despite the grim statistics out of Africa there's cause for celebration. Florida State University biologists have discovered an autoimmune-like response in blood drawn from malaria-infected African children that helps to explain why existing DNA-based anti-malaria vaccines have repeatedly failed to protect them.
According to data being presented at the 2008 Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research demonstrated that the live Listeria cancer vaccine, Lovaxin C, is safe for humans. In addition, four women with end-stage cancer in the cervical cancer trial experienced tumor reductions.
News stories about an allegedly harmful link between the mumps, measles and rubella vaccine and the onset of autism had little effect on whether U.S. parents immunized their children, according to a review of immunization records and news stories. Parents' decisions were more likely influenced by recommendations from their child's pediatrician, the researchers said.
Like most women with ovarian cancer, 44-year-old Christine Sable of Lancaster, Pennsylvania, did not discover she had the disease until it was in the advanced stages and had spread to other areas of the abdomen. "I knew my chances of recurrence were very high"”75 to 80 percent at that particular stage"”and that the disease would likely recur within a year or two," she says. "Once it recurs, it is difficult to cure."
Researchers at the University of Southern California (USC) have developed a prostate cancer vaccine that prevented the development of cancer in 90 percent of young mice genetically predestined to develop the disease.
International investigations of an organism that one UT Southwestern Medical Center researcher calls a "silly little green scum" have led to key insights into the basic mechanisms of reproduction.
A new tuberculosis vaccine successfully tested at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill is easier to administer and store and just as effective as one commonly used worldwide.
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