Newswise — SAN DIEGO, May 21 – The Emergency Department at Rady Children’s Hospital-San Diego treats an average of five dog bites per week. And we hear the same story all too often from perplexed parents: “Our dog has never bitten anyone. The kids and the dog play nicely together all the time. Then today, 'out of the blue,' he bit him.”
Dog bites are particularly stressful for families because children are most often bitten on the face, head or neck. People are often surprised to learn that most of these bites come from our own family pets, or dogs that we know.
Dog bite prevention begins with the understanding that dogs do not bite “out of the blue.” People can learn to recognize potentially dangerous situations. First, we can become aware of dogs’ body language, especially around children. Dogs use their bodies to say, “Don’t bother me right now.” Here are some things you may notice when a dog becomes anxious:
•Lip licking, or tongue flicking•Tightly closing mouth•Turning head, or turning entire body away from a situation•Barking or whining•Crouching or tucking the tail •Yawning•Body still, in a “freeze”•Ears “pinned back” to head•“Half Moon Eye,” which occurs when the whites of a dog's eyes are exposed
Children and dogs require close supervision from adults. Children should be taught not to tease dogs, or play rough games that may encourage aggression. Sometimes dogs need space, and may simply walk away from a situation if they are uncomfortable. Dogs should be provided a safe place where they can go, where children are not allowed, such as a crate or a special bed. Always leave dogs alone when they are eating, chewing on a toy, or sleeping.
It may be disappointing for people to learn that dogs do not enjoy hugs, especially from children. It is best to wait for dogs to approach people for affection.
It is also important to understand that dogs are, by nature, social animals. They are at their best when they share their lives with us, and live with us in our homes. As early as possible and throughout a dog’s life, it is also important to socialize them in public. This includes providing them with plenty of opportunities to have positive interactions with other dogs, and with people of all ages.
When dogs are not socialized, or live only with other dogs in a back yard, or on a chain, they can become very territorial and aggressive toward people. Especially dangerous situations can be created if a child wanders into the yard, or if these dogs escape the yard, and run loose.
If you are approached by a loose dog, do not scream or run; instead “Be a Tree.” Stand still and quietly, fold your arms, and look down at your feet. Most likely, the dog will lose interest and leave you alone. If the dog does jump on you and knock you over, roll into a ball, and cover your face and neck.
In the event of a dog bite, it is important to seek medical attention promptly. All bite wounds warrant thorough cleansing, prophylactic antibiotics and possible suturing to decrease the likelihood of wound infection, and to promote optimal healing. In addition, tetanus vaccination may need to be updated and, in certain circumstances, rabies prevention vaccinations begun. In the weeks and months following the attack, bite victims and their families may also warrant psychological counseling if signs of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) develop. These symptoms can include social withdrawal, sleep disturbances, avoidance of going outside and decreased school or work performance.
For more information on dog bite prevention, visit www.thesocialk9.com or www.doggonesafe.com.
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