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Understanding the formation and evolution of ice in astrophysical environments can provide information about the physical conditions encountered in space and the chemical similarities and differences between planetary and stellar systems. At the AVS 66th International Symposium and Exhibition, Edith Fayolle, an astrochemist at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory, will talk about how scientists are trying to understand properties of ice on astrophysical bodies, such as its formation, composition and sublimation -- the process by which ice transitions directly into gas, without being in its liquid phase in between.

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Electrocatalysts accelerate energy conversion, which is an integral component to many industrially important technologies, such as fuel cells. While many models show promising results to improving this approach, technologies to demonstrate a decrease in degradation to optimize performance are lacking. At the AVS 66th International Symposium and Exhibition, Serhiy Cherevko, a physicist at the Institute of Energy and Climate Research, will talk about the challenges facing current electrocatalysis techniques and possible analytical tools to optimize this approach for widespread commercialization.

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In recent years, glass has become an important part of our day-to-day lives, acting as a physical boundary between humans and digital information and communication. At the AVS 66th International Symposium and Exhibition, Albert Fahey, an associate scientist at Corning Incorporated, will present on the methods scientists use to study the chemical and mechanical properties of glass and other optical surfaces, how they are working to better understand these surfaces and their limits, and what new things are being done to improve user friendliness.

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Future space-based telescopes that may replace the Hubble Space Telescope will require access to the far-ultraviolet region, where light has a very short wavelength. However, astronomical observations in this region present challenges due to the oxidation of the aluminum films used in optical studies in FUV. At the AVS 66th International Symposium and Exhibition, David Boris, a physicist at the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, will discuss work being done to optimize aluminum thin films for use in space applications.

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Nature has inspired innovative research throughout human history, and three scientists recently studied white beetles to understand the physics of light scattering. At the AVS 66th International Symposium and Exhibition, researchers will talk about their study of these scales to better understand thin “super-white” coatings that can reject solar spectrum and radiate through transparent windows. By studying light scattering at such a small scale, they were able to calculate light scattering in the biological structures faster and more accurately.

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Scientists at Exogenesis Corporation are using accelerated neural atom beam technology, a low-energy accelerated particle beam, to bombard the surface of the medical devices on a very small scale. They found bacterial cells had a decreased ability to attach themselves to the treated surfaces. At the 66th annual AVS International Symposium and Exhibition, scientist and Exogenesis Corp. CEO Dimitry Shashkov will discuss how progress has been made to make implantable medical devices safer for patients by using ANAB.

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Scientists from NASA’s Jet Propulsion Lab want to know more about the potential harmful effects of organic contamination on space exploration hardware and how to prevent it. They will talk about their research at the 66th annual AVS International Symposium and Exhibition. JPL scientist Martin Maxwell will present a session on how increased sensitivity of instruments and missions calls for an update in outdated contamination procedures.

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Modern advances in oncology have significantly improved cancer survival rates. However, personalized treatment methods are necessary, since tumors may behave differently for different patients. At the AVS 66th International Symposium and Exhibition, Cristina Canal, a researcher at Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, will present cold plasmas as a promising tool for minimally invasive cancer therapy. She will discuss the benefits of using plasma jets for cancer therapy, and explain the use of different liquid media, hydrogels and their properties.

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At the AVS 66th International Symposium and Exhibition, Oct. 20-25, Daniel Gunlycke will present a study on using symmetry to reduce the effects of random quantum entanglement in quantum computing applications. When deliberate, quantum entanglement can make algorithms more powerful and efficient, but uncontrolled entanglement adds unnecessary additional complexity to quantum computing, making algorithms suboptimal and more prone to error. Gunlycke says by reducing the frequency of accidental entanglements, quantum computing can be improved.

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Scientists and companies will showcase their latest research, tools, equipment and services at the AVS 66th International Symposium and Exhibition. The event will be held Oct. 20-25 in Columbus, Ohio. This will be a great opportunity for reporters to interact with experts in a variety of science fields, such as quantum science, plasmas, biomaterials, photonics, nanometer scale technology and more.

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The scientific community is gearing up for the ultimate challenge -- to race the speed of light. In this quest, they are tinkering with the electronic and magnetic properties of new materials to improve the performance and capabilities of logic, memory and energy devices for next-generation technology. During the 65th AVS International Symposium and Exhibition, being held Oct. 21-26, Alexander Gray will discuss his work using soft and hard X-ray angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy to explore the depth- and momentum-resolved electronic structure of quantum materials and nanostructures.

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Electrical engineer Koichi Takaki has used nanosecond-long pulses of high-voltage electricity and discharge plasma -- like that found in lightning -- to promote the growth of fruits, vegetables and edible fungi and to preserve the freshness of a variety perishable foods. Takaki will describe his findings at the AVS 65th International Symposium and Exhibition, Oct. 21-26.

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Researchers have developed a new class of molecular layer deposition chemistry that paves the way for a new photoactivated molecular layer deposition technique. They report that their new method will expand the tool kit for forming covalently bound organic multilayers at surfaces. These emerging deposition techniques have enabled engineers to produce organic thin films with improved conformality. Richard Closser, Stanford University, will present the findings at the AVS 65th International Symposium and Exhibition, Oct. 21-26, 2018.

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The next generation of phones, computers and wearable devices requires materials that can meet extraordinary demands. Engineers and physicists aim to meet these needs by developing new materials that can perform faster while using less energy. During the 65th AVS International Symposium and Exhibition, being held Oct. 21-26, researchers will discuss different techniques, from evaporating germanium to creating strategic voids, to improve the electrical performance of succeeding technologies.

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As the phones get slimmer, the optics crisper and the processors faster, have you ever wondered what is happening behind the scenes that make these remarkable achievements possible? During the AVS 65th International Symposium and Exhibition, Oct. 21-26, Svetlana Radovanov will discuss the research and development that ultimately are used to create the particle accelerators driving these technological advances.

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Imagine a coating as hard as a diamond and a fraction the thickness of a human hair. Researchers are exploring new approaches to create resilient thin films that could be used in a variety of electronic applications from cutting tools to the aerospace industry. During the 65th AVS International Symposium and Exhibition, being held Oct. 21-26, Grzegorz Greczynski will present a new deposition method that improves the thermal and chemical stability of transition-metal nitride thin-film layers.

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Researchers are finding new ways to use artificial intelligence and nanotechnology to enhance treatments, from routine dental techniques to attacking cancerous tissue. At the AVS 65th International Symposium and Exhibition, Oct. 21-26, Dean Ho will present the results of two clinical trials that show how AI-enabled personalized medical treatment for a prostate cancer patient and nanotechnology improved recovery for patients after a root canal.

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Nanosensors are incredible information-gathering tools for myriad applications, including molecular targets such as the brain. Neurotransmitter molecules govern brain function through chemistry found deep within the brain, so University of California, Berkeley researchers are developing nanosensors to gain a better understanding of exactly how this all plays out, and will discuss their work at the AVS 64th International Symposium & Exhibition, Oct. 29-Nov. 3, 2017, in Tampa, Florida.

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The ruddy flakes of a rusted nail are a sure sign that an undesirable chemical reaction has occurred at the surface. Understanding how molecules and atoms behave with each other, especially at surfaces, is central to managing both desirable chemical reactions, such as catalysis, and undesirable reactions, like a nail’s corrosion. Yet the field of surface chemistry has been challenged for nearly 100 years to develop predictive theories for these reactions. Now there’s progress, thanks to some new approaches.

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Dazzling dragonfly wings may send poets rhapsodizing, but scientists yearn for a better understanding. In particular, they want to know the chemistry of the different layers giving rise to natural photonic crystals that help create color. Now, a collaboration of Brazilian researchers have teamed up with Minnesota experts to puzzle out the color mechanism of the male Amazonian glitterwing dragonfly.