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Working under the umbrella of the PsychENCODE Consortium, the mental health research project established in 2015 by the National Institutes of Health, a team of Mount Sinai scientists has uncovered important new insights into the molecular biology of neuropsychiatric disease through two new studies published in a special issue of Science on Friday, May 24.

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Volume 29, Issue 2 of SLAS Discovery features two review articles, six original research articles covering phenotypic screening perspectives, medulloblastoma therapies and interventions for neurodegenerative diseases.

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Volume 29, Issue 2 of SLAS Technology, includes three original research articles covering skin cutaneous melanoma, glycan-bead coupling and acoustic ejection mass spectrometry, and eight articles from the Advances in Synthetic Biology Special Issue.

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The American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) published an updated clinical guideline that details best practices for treating patients who have symptomatic bone metastases and ways to improve their quality of life. The guideline is available as a free access article in Practical Radiation Oncology. “Radiation therapy is a cornerstone of care for patients with symptomatic bone metastases, offering a nonsurgical option for fast pain relief and improved quality of life with minimal side effects,” said Tracy Balboni, MD, MPH, chair of the guideline task force.

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A recent review explores the innovative use of self-assembled protein nanoparticles (SAPNs) and virus-like particles (VLPs) in veterinary vaccine development. The research highlights the superior safety and efficacy of these nanovaccines over traditional formulations, offering a promising future for animal health and disease prevention.

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An experimental mRNA vaccine against avian influenza virus H5N1 is highly effective in preventing severe illness and death in preclinical models. The vaccine could potentially help manage the outbreak of the H5N1 virus currently circulating in birds and cattle in the United States, and prevent human infections with the virus.

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Scientists have made discoveries about light particles known as photons that could aid the quest for fusion energy.

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Cold stress significantly hampers tomato growth and yield. Recent research reveals that 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) enhances cold tolerance in tomatoes by regulating the SlMYB4/SlMYB88-SlGSTU43 gene module. This discovery opens new avenues for genetic engineering to develop cold-resistant tomato varieties, potentially ensuring better crop resilience and productivity under low-temperature conditions.

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In the rapidly evolving world of cryptocurrency, volatility management remains a crucial challenge. Researchers have now developed a novel approach that integrates Exponential Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (EGARCH) with genetic algorithms and neural networks to enhance the precision of trading decisions in this volatile market.

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A new assembly toolkit, an efficient assembly toolkit (PMAT), is set to revolutionize the study of plant mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes), offering an unprecedented approach to understanding plant evolution and cytoplasmic male sterile line breeding. This tool stands to overcome significant challenges in the complete assembly of plant mitogenomes, a task previously hindered by complex recombination events and horizontal gene transfers.

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A new study from Case Western Reserve University School of Law seeks to help settle a long-standing debate about how to design incentives to spark economic development in distressed places. It finds that “smart” incentives—those selectively awarded, monitored and adaptable—yield greater community impact.

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A recent study offers a thorough analysis of germ-free (GF) animal models, essential tools for unraveling the intricate interactions between microorganisms and their hosts. These models are proving crucial in understanding how microbiota influence a range of physiological processes and could lead to innovative treatments for various diseases.

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A new paper in Physical Review Letters explores the effects of memory in quantum systems and ultimately offers a novel solution to decoherence, one of the primary problems facing quantum technologies.

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Research has highlighted how weather extremes worsened by climate change are now a major national public health threat.

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A study from the University of Adelaide has discovered molecular pathways regulated by a gene traditionally used to control wheat-flowering behaviour could be altered to achieve greater yields.

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For the first time, nuclear physicists made precision measurements of the short-lived radioactive molecule, radium monofluoride (RaF). The researchers combined ion-trapping and specialized laser systems to measure the fine details of the quantum structure of RaF. This allowed them to study the rotational energy levels of RaF and determine its laser-cooling scheme.

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Even slight cognitive changes can affect an older person’s decision to stop driving, according to a new study by researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis. The findings suggest that routine cognitive testing — in particular, the kind of screening designed to pick up the earliest, most subtle decline — could help older adults and their physicians make decisions about driving that maximizes safety while preserving independence as long as possible.

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What factors lead older adults to stop driving? A new study followed older adults who had no memory or thinking problems to examine this question. The study is published in the May 22, 2024, online issue of Neurology®, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology.

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People who eat more ultra-processed foods like soft drinks, chips and cookies may have a higher risk of having memory and thinking problems and having a stroke than those who eat fewer processed foods, according to a new study published in the May 22, 2024, online issue of Neurology®, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology. The study does not prove that eating ultra-processed foods causes memory and thinking problems and stroke. It only shows an association.

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A new study that investigated the presence of the smallest particles of microplastics (MPs) in ocean waters from the Caribbean to the Arctic found that the most abundant (and tiny) MPs in the ocean are not being detected by net tow surveys.

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Many scientists study the proteins in our cells in order to fight diseases like cancer, but Cornell College Assistant Biochemistry Professor Collin O’Leary and a team of researchers are turning their focus to the structure of RNA.

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Location, race and insurance status play a significant part in the odds of a patient being diagnosed with early-stage or late-stage cancer, according to a detailed medical records analysis of more than 94,000 patients with cancer by researchers at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health and the Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center.

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Move over, graphene. There’s a new, improved two-dimensional material in the lab. Borophene, the atomically thin version of boron first synthesized in 2015, is more conductive, thinner, lighter, stronger and more flexible than graphene, the 2D version of carbon. Now, researchers at Penn State have made the material potentially more useful by imparting chirality — or handedness — on it, which could make for advanced sensors and implantable medical devices.

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A study co-led by researchers at UCLA Health has found distinct brain connectivity patterns in six-week-old infants at risk for developing autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

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Engineers at the University of California San Diego have developed a wearable ultrasound patch that can offer continuous, non-invasive monitoring of blood flow in the brain. The soft and stretchy patch can be comfortably worn on the temple to provide three-dimensional data on cerebral blood flow—a first in wearable technology.

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Scientists have long been studying the brain with a goal of aiding healthier aging. While much is known about risk factors for accelerated brain aging, less has been uncovered to identify ways to reduce cognitive decline.

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A team of scientists at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, and Harvard University have developed a noninvasive alternative—an oral capsule containing a tiny vibrating motor that is designed to stimulate the stomach to produce the same sense of fullness people experience after eating a large meal.

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The number of mutations in the DNA of cancerous tumors may not be an indicator of how well patients will respond to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), a commonly prescribed type of immunotherapy, a team led by UT Southwestern Medical Center researchers reported in a retrospective study. The findings, published in Nature Cancer, upend long-held conventional wisdom and could lead to more effective ways of deciding which patients will benefit most from this type of treatment.

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Researchers from the Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) in Laurel, Maryland, have established new, scalable methods of developing battery- and solar-powered fibers, making it theoretically possible for electrical energy to be harvested from, and stored in, the clothing people wear. These fibers could power high-performance wearable electronics that breathe, stretch and wash just like conventional textiles.

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New research shows that real-world ocean conditions – specifically, low-phosphate areas – makes a huge difference in how viral infection affects host bacteria.

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Scientists with Cedars-Sinai Guerin Children’s, the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), and other institutions have identified the critical first steps in how the digestive system develops.

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Scientists have uncovered the properties of a rare earth element that was first discovered 80 years ago at the very same laboratory, opening a new pathway for the exploration of elements critical in modern technology, from medicine to space travel.

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Scientists have developed DIProT, an innovative, user-friendly toolkit for protein design. The toolkit utilizes a non-autoregressive deep generative model to address the protein inverse folding problem, integrating human expertise into the design loop for efficient and effective protein design.

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The framework has the potential to improve one of the basic facets of how science is done and shift researchers’ and clinicians’ perspectives from statistical significance to biological relevance.

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In this study, four drying methods including hot air drying (HAD), catalytic infrared drying (CIRD), electric infrared drying (EIRD) and electric oven drying (EOD) were used to prepare dried chicken breast. The study systematically compared the drying efficiencies of different methods and their effects on physico-chemical properties, pet food applications, energy consumption, and cost.

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Researchers at UC San Diego have found that nearly 3% of healthy adolescents use commercial CBD products, many of which contain higher levels of THC than advertised.

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Researchers reporting in ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces have designed a soft, flexible film that senses the presence of nearby objects without physically touching them. The study features the new sensor technology to detect eyelash proximity in blink-tracking glasses.

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One in four service members experience food insecurity. To combat this statistic, Uniformed Services University (USU) researchers recently evaluated military perceptions of the Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC), in hopes of ultimately increasing access to nutritious food.

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A serious disconnect between emergency departments and the NDIS is failing people with mental health conditions, as new research from the University of South Australia shows that they frequently receive inadequate care within emergency departments, potentially putting thousands of vulnerable people at risk.

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Dr. Hyeon-woo Son and his research team from the Department of Aluminum in the Advanced Metals Division at KIMS have successfully developed an aluminum alloy for electric vehicles that dramatically improves thermal stability.

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Non-invasive brain scans for children under the age of one could identify risk factors and reduce the potential for stroke later in life, say researchers at the University of South Australia.

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An FDA committee voted unanimously last month to approve a new clinical endpoint, minimal residual disease, when evaluating proposed drugs to treat multiple myeloma. The 12-0 vote was based primarily on an analysis spearheaded by C. Ola Landgren, M.D., Ph.D., first author of a new paper published May 20 in the journal Blood.