The reproductive history of the unisexual, ladies-only salamander species is full of evolutionary surprises. In a new study, a team of researchers at The Ohio State University traced the animals’ genetic history back 3.4 million years and found some head-scratching details – primarily that they seem to have gone for millions of years without any DNA contributions from male salamanders and still have managed to persist.
A majority of registered voters oppose recent efforts to scale back Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) food benefits and believe the government should be doing more to meet the needs of people facing food insecurity and other challenges, according to a new survey commissioned by the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health’s Center for a Livable Future (CLF).
A new study shows water infiltrates deeper into cracking clay when liquid hog manure is applied. The study also showed that even though water infiltration went deeper in the presence of manure, it did not reach depths of tile drains designed to remove excess subsurface water.
Some women may like it when a man opens the door on a first date or offers to pay the bill at dinner, while others may find the gestures insulting. New research provides an alternative explanation as to why some women respond positively.
As the first Global Disability Summit takes place, new evidence of how a simple pair of glasses can improve workers’ productivity and reduce poverty is published in The Lancet Global Health
A pilot clinical trial by UCSF Benioff Children’s Hospital Oakland Research Institute (CHORI) researchers has found that targeted nutrient therapy can improve lung function in obese individuals with asthma, without requiring weight loss. The study, published in The FASEB Journal, demonstrated that eating two CHORI-Bars daily for eight weeks improved lung function in obese adolescents with a form of asthma that is resistant to usual treatments.
A new study by a Johns Hopkins University researcher presents a broader model using “reference prices,” which he says may better account for how consumers make their choices.
We may not be able to change recent events in our lives, but how well we remember them plays a key role in how our brains model what’s happening in the present and predict what is likely to occur in the future, finds new research in the Journal of Experimental Psychology: General.
Fitness trackers can be valuable tools for assessing the quality of life and daily functioning of cancer patients during treatment, a new study has found. The trackers, also known as wearable activity monitors, include commercial devices worn on the wrist that log a wearer's step counts, stairs climbed, calories, heart rate and sleep.
In a new study, published in this week’s issue of Cell Reports, researchers at the University of California San Diego School of Medicine scrutinized the whole genome sequences of 18 induced pluripotent stem cell lines derived from skin cells that they had reprogrammed to identify and characterize somatic mutations.
Assistant Professor Jungkyu (Jay) Kim microengineered a chip that replicates the human cornea and can be used to help speed up the drug-evaluation process for eye medications.
Most of the ordinary matter in the universe isn’t in the form of a star or a planet, but gas. And most of that gas exists not in galaxies but around and between them. A team of astronomers has found a new way to study the gas surrounding a young galaxy, BX418, with an eye toward finding clues to how the first galaxies formed.
Everyone gets hiccups, but some people suffer intractable hiccups that last longer than a month. "Intractable hiccups can occur more often than we realize and present to multiple medical disciplines," the neurologists reported in the journal Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports.
According to a new study led by a Cornell University researchers, an average of nearly three men in the United States are killed by police use of deadly force every day. This accounts for 8 percent of all homicides with adult male victims – twice as many as identified in official statistics.
In addition to being environmentally friendly, recycling can help manufacturers develop new, strategic sources of raw materials -- particularly rare and precious metals -- giving them a competitive advantage, according to research co-authored by an Indiana University Kelley School of Business professor.
Published in Addiction, a new paper lays out some of the factors that lead policymakers to look for easy answers to complex problems related to opioid addiction.
Patients who sought care for a sprained ankle in states that were found to be "high prescribers" of opioids were approximately three times more likely to receive a prescription for the drugs than those treated in "low-prescribing" states, according to new research. Additional results of the study show that patients who received prescriptions for long courses of the drugs (e.g. more than 30 tablets of oxycodone 5 mg) were five times more likely to fill additional opioid prescriptions over the next 6 months than those who received just a few days' supply (e.g. 10 tablets of less).
Experts have updated recommendations for the use of antiretroviral drugs in the treatment and prevention of HIV infection.
Modern communication systems often employ optical fibers to carry signals across or between devices. These integrated optics combine more than one function into a single circuit. However, signal transmission requires long optical fibers, which makes it difficult to miniaturize the device. Instead of long optical fibers, scientists have started testing planar waveguides. In the Journal of Applied Physics, investigators report on a laser-assisted study of a type of glass that shows promise as a material for broadband planar waveguide amplifiers.
More than one in 10 children hospitalized with sepsis die, but when a series of clinical treatments and tests is completed within an hour of its detection, the chances of survival increase considerably.
The dust that coats much of the surface of Mars originates largely from a single thousand-kilometer-long geological formation near the Red Planet’s equator,
A group of scientists at Texas Biomedical Research Institute have zeroed in on a new defense against HIV-1, the virus that causes AIDS. Led by Ruth Ruprecht, M.D., Ph.D., the team used an animal model to show for the first time that an antibody called Immunoglobulin M (IgM) was effective in preventing infection after mucosal AIDS virus exposure.
Whether it’s casting a fishing line, launching a boat, or taking a dip to cool off, most people heading to a lake rarely think about how climate change is impacting their overall recreation experience. However, more often than not, it does. Research at the University of New Hampshire shows that as unfavorable water quality conditions in lakes continue to rise, anglers, boaters and beach goers are using various coping mechanisms that can alter their behavior, from switching to a different location or activity to simply abandoning the experience altogether.
Researchers at the RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Science in Japan have discovered how antibodies secreted in the gut promote the growth of beneficial bacteria. Their study, which will be published July 24 in the Journal of Experimental Medicine, shows that immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibodies can alter the expression of bacterial genes, allowing different bacterial species to cooperate with each other and form a community that can protect the body from disease.
Under a new research program, improved processing capabilities will enable sophisticated applications to operate more effectively in technologies like those that control unmanned aerial vehicles and the internet of things, as well as consumer electronics such as cell phones, cameras and health monitoring devices.
A new special issue of SLAS Discovery reflects examples of the recent groundswell of creative new applications for high-throughput flow cytometry (HTFC) in drug discovery.
Dogs are thought to be very aware of people’s emotions, but if a pup’s owner was really upset, would it actually go out of its way to offer help and comfort? Some not only will, but they’ll also overcome obstacles in a hurry to do it.
University of Adelaide researchers have uncovered fundamental new information about the malting characteristics of barley grains. They say their finding could pave the way to more stable brewing processes or new malts for craft brewers.
Lesbian, gay, bisexual and questioning youth are more likely to develop Type 2 diabetes, be obese and engage in less physical activity and more sedentary activities than heterosexual youth, a new Northwestern Medicine study has found.
Using an advanced, new microscopy technique that can visualize chemical reactions occurring in liquid environments, researchers have discovered a new reason lithium-oxygen batteries — which promise up to five times more energy than the lithium-ion batteries that power electric vehicles and cell phones — tend to slow down and die after just a few charge/discharge cycles.
Researchers have developed magnetic elastomeric composites that move in different ways when exposed to light, raising the possibility that these materials could enable a wide range of products that perform simple to complex movements, from tiny engines and valves to solar arrays that bend toward the sunlight.
New Scripps Research study offers guidance for more effective Ebola vaccines
Nature freely puts together microscopic building blocks. To mimic this self-assembly would revolutionize science’s approach to synthesizing materials that could heal, contract or reconfigure. UC San Diego and NYU scientists explored this mimicry and introduced a new way to assemble specially designed microscopic blocks into small gear-like machines.
Under warming conditions, arctic wolf spiders’ tastes in prey might be changing, according to new research from Washington University in St. Louis, initiating a new cascade of food web interactions that could potentially alleviate some impacts of global warming.
Observations over the eastern U.S. show why emissions reductions haven't achieved the same results in winter as they have in summer.
Quick! Snap a selfie and share the sensations! Or not. If you want to preserve the memories, process before you post, says a Baylor University psychologist.
The Endangered Species Act is portrayed – by critics of the law, often by the media, and sometimes by conservation professionals – as increasingly controversial, partly due to the protection of species such as wolves and spotted owls. These portrayals suggest that public support for the law may be declining. However, new research indicates that support for this law has remained consistently high over the past two decades.
Phospholipases are enzymes that cleave the tail group off of phospholipids, which make up cell membranes. These tails, or free fatty acids, can go on to act as signaling molecules. Lysosomal phospholipase A2, or LPA2, is a phospholipase from the macrophages that protect the lung.
A new study by Cornell University neuroscientists suggests that, to some degree, we can blame limited savings on our brains in addition to our bills. According to the study, humans have a cognitive bias toward earning, which makes us unconsciously spend more brain power on earning than on saving. The cognitive bias is so powerful that it can even warp our sense of time.
Casi todo jugador de golf lo ha sentido... minutos después de ese tiro perfecto para foto y que se desplaza calle abajo, un aluvión de tiros al hoyo fallidos conduce a un decepcionante hoyo conseguido con tres golpes más de su par (bogey triple).
Clouds are exceptionally complex creatures, and that complexity makes it difficult to predict how and where they’ll form. But University of Utah researchers may have found a way to greatly reduce the difficulty of predicting formation of clouds. The results could fill a key gap in scientists’ understanding of how climate change may play out.
People with chronic kidney disease are at unusually high risk of also developing cardiovascular disease; in fact, a patient with non-dialysis kidney disease is more likely to die of heart failure than to develop end-stage kidney failure. However traditional atherosclerosis risk factors contribute less strongly to cardiovascular disease in chronic kidney disease patients than in subjects with intact kidney function.
Red-light cameras don’t reduce the number of traffic accidents or injuries at intersections where the devices are installed, according a new analysis by Case Western Reserve University.
As students transition into high school, many see their grades drop. And while some students are resilient in the midst of this challenge, others succumb to the pressure. How they think about themselves and their abilities could make the difference, according to adolescent psychology researchers at The University of Texas at Austin and the University of Rochester.
Technologies that are reducing costs and changing the ways in which researchers and clinicians process and use therapeutic cells are showcased in the August 2018 special issue of SLAS Technology.
The global food system is unsustainable and urgently needs an overhaul. Yet current approaches to finding solutions through applied academic research are too narrow and treat the food system as a collection of isolated components within established disciplines such as agronomy, sociology or nutritional science.
Researchers have found a surprising way to help boost the skills of children with language impairment: Pay their parents to read to them.
Aberrant clearance activity of microglia in particular brain regions leads to changes associated with neurodegenerative diseases
For the first-time, researchers at IMBA- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences – develop organoids, that mimic the onset of brain cancer. This method not only sheds light on the complex biology of human brain tumors but could also pave the way for new medical applications.
Using advanced fabrication techniques, engineers at the University of California San Diego have built a nanosized device out of silver crystals that can generate light by efficiently “tunneling” electrons through a tiny barrier. The work brings plasmonics research a step closer to realizing ultra-compact light sources for high-speed, optical data processing and other on-chip applications.
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