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Joseph Pares based his date for the Gran Dolina fossils on the orientation of magnetic minerals in the rock layer in which the fossils were found.

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Investigators in the University of Michigan Health System are setting out to examine e-mail usage between doctors and their patients in a three-year study.

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Scientists to use gouge to date near-surface fault activity and learn more about the fault's current strength.

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The device---a glass-and-silicon chip smaller than a child's pinky finger---is far less expensive than conventional methods of analyzing DNA, yet just as quick and sensitive.

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Uneven progress of African Americans identified in a new report on race in America.

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When a woman has a baby she doesn't want, the child's self-esteem is likely to suffer more than two decades later.

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Researchers in the University of Michigan Health System say a new study illustrates the need for fresh approaches to defining and diagnosing depression by primary care doctors.

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A study by a University of Michigan professor of nursing shows that surrogate mothers express some degree of disappointment later in life about their roles as surrogates.

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Widespread human rights abuses in apartheid-era South Africa have been extensively detailed, most recently in hearings conducted by the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC). However, what is the psychological effect of testifying before the TRC among victims of human rights abuses?

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They're supposed to be political foes, but Israeli and Palestinian scientists who've collaborated on a water quality study in the West Bank are far from adversaries.

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If you're still waiting for adult children to settle down and start producing some grandchildren, University of Michigan research suggests you may have only yourself to blame.

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Are jurors influenced by the race of defendants? According to a University of Michigan study, the answer is yes. But the juror's race, as well as the defendant's, affects courtroom decisions, with different types of criminal trials affecting Black and white jurors in different ways.

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The original, the Precor EFX 5.21s Elliptical Fitness Cross Trainer, is highly respected by the experts, but its inferior imitators may end up taking you for a ride, according to a University of Michigan kinesiologist and home exercise equipment expert who examines the good and bad of new exercise equipment.

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How do I look? Even if the answer is "Great," just asking the question can have a harmful effect on a woman's emotional health and mental performance, according to a University of Michigan study published in a recent issue of the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology.

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Blacks are just as concerned as whites about a wide range of environmental issues, and more concerned than whites about air and water pollution, according to a University of Michigan study.

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Managed care is shaping up to be a hot issue in this fall's congressional elections. Contact these University of Michigan researchers for accurate information and informed opinion on cost and quality issues related to managed care.

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Researchers from the University of Michigan's School of Public Health outline three obstacles policy-makers may encounter as they consider new laws and other measures designed to curb the cost of health care.

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"Being too busy, not being old, is what leads people to make mistakes in taking their medications," says Denise C. Park, a psychologist at the U-M Institute for Social Research.

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Using a vaccine made from specialized white blood cells called dendritic cells spiked with cancer proteins, University of Michigan scientists have found a way to activate the immune system to attack malignant tumors and prevent the development of new tumors in mice. Clinical trial under way to test in humans.

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In the study, which is being directed by researchers Stephanie Taylor, Eddie Boyd and Leslie Shimp of the University of Michigan College of Pharmacy, two Detroit independent pharmacies are offering extra services to hypertension patients enrolled in the project.

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How many friends you have, not how much money you have, predicts how happy you're likely to be right after you retire, a University of Michigan study suggests.

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On average, HMOs are doing a better job of choosing better hospitals for their patients. The study shows that HMO patients received better care at these hospitals than they might have gotten otherwise.

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University of Michigan epidemiologists shows that the size of the gap between the rich and the poor may tell us more about the health status of Americans than the usual economic indicators financial analysts and social scientists typically rely on.

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"The take-home message for parents is that adolescent involvement in sports has positive effects on academic performance, but it also increases the likelihood of drinking and drug use," says U-M psychologist Jacquelynne Eccles.

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Modafinil, an experimental, wake-promoting drug, has been shown to provide clinically meaningful health-related quality-of-life benefits and maintains this improvement over an extended period, without the debilitating side effects of other drugs, according to a University of Michigan researcher.

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The technique used to remove the kidney is a variation on laparoscopy, a form of surgery in which the doctor operates through small incisions with specially designed instruments.

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University of Michigan scientists are part of an international team of researchers who have identified a protein that---when absent or defective because of genetic mutations---causes a disease called Usher syndrome.

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Changes in student attitudes about marijuana, not a general rise in rebellious or delinquent behavior among the teen-age children of baby boomers, are driving recent increases in the use of the drug. One of the key findings from a University of Michigan analysis of the reasons behind historic fluctuations.

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Study shows that health risk behaviors account for only a small part of the excess mortality among Americans with low levels of income and education, according to Paula Lantz, assistant professor of health management and policy at the U-M School of Public Health.

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Researchers at the University of Michigan's Center for Ultrafast Optical Sciences have built the first table-top laser capable of generating a coherent beam of X-rays.

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Research from the University of Michigan Women's Health Program suggests that gene therapy may someday control a condition responsible for nearly half the 550,000 hysterectomies performed in the United States each year.

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Research from the University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center suggests patients with advanced liver cancer can tolerate high doses of radiation therapy---which will potentially improve their chances of survival.

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Scientists describe how they used transgenic technology to find the mutated gene responsible for deafness in shaker-2 mice. The U-M study represents the first permanent correction of a deafness-related mutation and the fifth time that identification of a deafness gene in mice helped scientists find a similar gene in humans.

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Using a high-resolution femtosecond laser--trillions Watts of power--Prof. Umstadter and colleagues were able to watch how and when electrons and atoms organize themselves in the super-dense environments similar to those found in fusion reactors, white and brown dwarf stars and Jovian planets such as Jupiter and Neptune.

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Research on this process not only may lead to improved cancer treatments, but also may offer new approaches to treating a wide range of other medical problems, says Peter Polverini, U-M professor of dentistry and pathology who has been doing research on angiogenesis for 20 years.

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Good communication between patient and doctor is as important to staying out of the hospital as getting the right asthma medicine, a new study by a University of Michigan research shows.

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University of Michigan researchers discovered mutations in the genetic make-up of a type of pneumonia that is the most common severe opportunistic infection in people with AIDS.

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When clinic patients were taught to take control of their health needs, the results were dramatic---fewer days in the hospital, fewer trips to the emergency room, fewer lost work days. In addition, the cost of health care for each patient declined nearly $3,400 a year.

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Research strongly suggests that PSA tests can reliably gauge the effectiveness of chemotherapy treatment for advanced prostate cancer. It shows doctors whether the prescribed therapy is working and allows them to quickly and confidently change the treatment plan when it's ineffective---possibly improving the patient's quality of life as a result.

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Biomedical research has been shifting from a commons to a privatization model. Federal patent policy in biomedical research imposes social costs overlooked in the public debate. Granting too many patent rights in pre-market or "upstream" biomedical research paradoxically may stifle discovery of life-saving "downstream" products.

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Even though people of all ages are working fewer hours and retiring earlier than their parents and grandparents did, many of them feel overloaded. "Especially in two-job families with young children, life can seem like one long sprint, without time for real exercise or real leisure," says University of Michigan psychologist Robert L. Kahn.

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As the U.S. Department of Agriculture begins to establish new dietary guidelines for the year 2000, a new University of Michigan study suggests low fat diets' are not always the most healthy.

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U-M Population Studies Center researcher Sanjiv Gupta analyzed data to see how changes in their martial status affected time spent cooking, doing the dishes, washing and ironing clothes, cleaning the house, and other routine, repetitive household chores.

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Noise is the most common hazard for American workers. This new study shows that construction workers are dashing off to work without properly protecting their hearing, thus unnecessarily placing their hearing at risk. Here are some things that can be done to raise awareness and reduce that risk.

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The University of Michigan College of Engineering has been awarded a $1.6 million grant from the U.S. Army to design an artificial eye on a microchip---a first-of-its-kind optoelectronic device capable of sensing and processing light. The research could help the military conduct the most accurate remote visual sensing yet.

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State-of-the-art sensing instruments on towers located at 24 sites in North America will measure the amount of carbon dioxide exchanged between local ecosystems and the atmosphere. The U.S. Department of Energy project will help scientists predict what's going to happen as people pump more carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.

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The difference between environmentally correct, native landscaping and a neglected, weedy neighborhood eye-sore is not universally apparent. A new book offers advice on what gardeners can do to a home landscape in cities and suburbs to make people realize it is being naturalized, rather than neglected.

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According to a new analysis, Michigan's strict mammography regulations, enacted in 1989 and beefed up in 1994, improved the quality of mammograms and did not limit access to the cancer-screening procedure. These findings are significant beyond Michigan's borders, because federal mammography standards have been enacted which closely mirror the Michigan model.

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New research shows mounting evidence that some people are "destined" to become smokers because they are inherently more sensitive to the effects of nicotine than people who are not tempted to smoke again. These findings suggest how one in three kids who sample a cigarette will become lifetime tobacco customers.

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New images of the inner coma, or gassy head, of Comet Hyakutake are now available. The computer-generated color pictures were taken with NASA's Hubble Space Telescope in April 1996, during observations made using Hubble's Wide Field Planetary Camera 2, as part of a study of water photochemistry in comets.