The DOE Science News Source is a Newswise initiative to promote research news from the Office of Science of the DOE to the public and news media.
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Newswise: Deciphering the Functions Encoded in Phage Genomes
Released: 3-Jun-2024 3:05 PM EDT
Deciphering the Functions Encoded in Phage Genomes
Department of Energy, Office of Science

Bacteriophages are the most common biological entities in microbial communities, but it has been challenging to study their biology. As a result, the genomes of most phages contain many genes of unknown function. In this study, researchers developed a new CRISPR-based technology to reduce the activity of genes in phages to determine if those genes are essential.

Newswise: Deciphering the Functions Encoded in Phage Genomes
Released: 3-Jun-2024 3:05 PM EDT
Deciphering the Functions Encoded in Phage Genomes
Department of Energy, Office of Science

Bacteriophages are the most common biological entities in microbial communities, but it has been challenging to study their biology. As a result, the genomes of most phages contain many genes of unknown function. In this study, researchers developed a new CRISPR-based technology to reduce the activity of genes in phages to determine if those genes are essential.

Released: 3-Jun-2024 9:05 AM EDT
Study Reveals Reversible Assembly of Platinum Catalyst
Brookhaven National Laboratory

Chemists at the U.S. Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory, Stony Brook University (SBU), and their collaborators have uncovered new details of the reversible assembly and disassembly of a platinum catalyst. The new understanding may offer clues to the catalyst's stability and recyclability.

Newswise: New Understanding of Astatine’s Chemical Properties Will Aid Targeted Alpha Therapy for Cancer
Released: 31-May-2024 6:05 PM EDT
New Understanding of Astatine’s Chemical Properties Will Aid Targeted Alpha Therapy for Cancer
Department of Energy, Office of Science

Astatine-211 is a promising alpha emitter for targeted alpha therapy for cancer, but astatine is among the least-studied elements. In this research, scientists investigated astatine’s behavior when interacting with ion exchange and extraction chromatography resins used to produce radioisotopes and delivering them to targets in the body.

   
Newswise: Quantum Effects Make Electrons Superconduct while Standing Still
Released: 31-May-2024 10:05 AM EDT
Quantum Effects Make Electrons Superconduct while Standing Still
Department of Energy, Office of Science

Previous research found that twisted bilayer graphene is superconductive when the layers are rotated by 1.08 degrees. Electrons in parts of these materials move very slowly and should therefore not conduct electricity at all, much less display superconductivity. New research shows how the current theory of superconductivity, the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) theory, must be modified to fit the observations of twisted bilayer graphene.

Newswise: Quantum Effects Make Electrons Superconduct while Standing Still
Released: 31-May-2024 10:05 AM EDT
Quantum Effects Make Electrons Superconduct while Standing Still
Department of Energy, Office of Science

Previous research found that twisted bilayer graphene is superconductive when the layers are rotated by 1.08 degrees. Electrons in parts of these materials move very slowly and should therefore not conduct electricity at all, much less display superconductivity. New research shows how the current theory of superconductivity, the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) theory, must be modified to fit the observations of twisted bilayer graphene.

Newswise: Different Microorganisms Have a Taste for Different Flavors of Ammonia
Released: 31-May-2024 10:05 AM EDT
Different Microorganisms Have a Taste for Different Flavors of Ammonia
Department of Energy, Office of Science

Ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms (AOMs) use ammonia as an energy source while converting it to nitrite and play a pivotal role in the global nitrogen cycle. This study explored whether different AOM species preferred to use urea over ammonia. It found that some AOMs preferred urea while others used ammonia and urea simultaneously.

Newswise: Different Microorganisms Have a Taste for Different Flavors of Ammonia
Released: 31-May-2024 10:05 AM EDT
Different Microorganisms Have a Taste for Different Flavors of Ammonia
Department of Energy, Office of Science

Ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms (AOMs) use ammonia as an energy source while converting it to nitrite and play a pivotal role in the global nitrogen cycle. This study explored whether different AOM species preferred to use urea over ammonia. It found that some AOMs preferred urea while others used ammonia and urea simultaneously.

Newswise: JPMorgan Chase, Argonne and Quantinuum show theoretical quantum speedup with the quantum approximate optimization algorithm
Released: 29-May-2024 2:05 PM EDT
JPMorgan Chase, Argonne and Quantinuum show theoretical quantum speedup with the quantum approximate optimization algorithm
Argonne National Laboratory

Researchers demonstrated a quantum algorithmic speedup with the quantum approximate optimization algorithm, laying the groundwork for advancements in telecommunications, financial modeling, materials science and more.

Newswise: A Cleaner Way to Produce Ammonia
Released: 28-May-2024 10:30 AM EDT
A Cleaner Way to Produce Ammonia
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

Ammonia is the starting point for the fertilizers that have secured the world’s food supply for the last century. It’s also a main component of cleaning products, and is even considered as a future carbon-free replacement for fossil fuels in vehicles.


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