Curated News: Medical Meetings

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ALEXANDRIA, Va. – New research has found that patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) who have high blood iron levels are at an elevated risk to develop the most common type of liver cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh will present their findings this week at The Liver Meeting Digital Experience™ held by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases.

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ALEXANDRIA, Va. – A new study has found that among patients with cirrhosis, a late-stage liver disease, almost one in five outpatient clinic visits involve an opioid prescription. The study, presented this week at The Liver Meeting Digital Experience™ held by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, also suggests that most of the physicians who prescribe opioids for patients with cirrhosis are not gastroenterologists or hepatologists, raising concerns those physicians may be less familiar with the potentially harmful effects of opioid drugs in patients with liver disease.

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ALEXANDRIA, Va. – A new study has found that the proportion of older Americans who need a liver transplant (LT) has sharply increased in recent years, often due to the rising number of cases of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). As the U.S. population ages, researchers estimate that more patients aged 65 or older will need an LT than ever before.

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ALEXANDRIA, Va. – A new study has found that hepatologists in the U.S., particularly women and racial and ethnic minorities, commonly experience workplace discrimination, such as exclusion from decision-making, disrespectful treatment by other staff members and unequal pay, benefits and promotion opportunities. The study will be presented this week at The Liver Meeting Digital Experience® held by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD).

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ALEXANDRIA, Va. – A new study has found that people with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) cirrhosis who are not overweight and are on a waiting list for a liver transplant fare worse than overweight patients before and after transplant surgery. The study concludes that these at-risk patients need better nutritional counseling and other interventions to help prevent serious health problems while they are waiting for liver transplant.

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Experts from the Smidt Heart Institute, home to California’s top cardiology and heart surgery program, will highlight an array of innovative research, clinical trial data and breakthrough topics during the American Heart Association Scientific Sessions 2021, taking place virtually Nov. 13-15.

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A growing number of adolescents in the United States are undergoing total hip replacement surgeries, according to new study findings from researchers at Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) in New York City. The results were presented today at the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) annual meeting in a poster titled “Use of Total Hip Arthroplasty in Patients Under 21 Years Old: A U.S. Population Analysis” and recently published in The Journal of Arthroplasty.

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Despite clear directives outlined in the updated guidelines published by the American College of Rheumatology/National Psoriasis Foundation (ACR/NPF) in 2018, there is limited data regarding medication use in real-world clinical practice and patient medication preferences for the treatment of psoriatic arthritis (PsA).

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妙佑医疗国际(Mayo Clinic)的研究人员发现一种疗程更短的新型人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)相关口咽癌治疗方法，与标准治疗相比，此新疗法可非常有效控制病情且副作用更少。

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Pesquisadores da Mayo Clinic descobriram que um tratamento novo e de menor duração para pacientes com câncer de orofaringe associado ao papilomavírus humano (HPV) leva a um controle excelente da doença e a menos efeitos colaterais em comparação com o tratamento padrão.

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Los investigadores de Mayo Clinic descubrieron que un tratamiento nuevo y más corto para los pacientes con cáncer orofaríngeo relacionado con el virus del papiloma humano (VPH) lleva a un excelente control de la enfermedad y a menos efectos secundarios que el tratamiento estándar.

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El alergista Mark Corbett, MD, de Louisville, KY, fue designado como presidente del Colegio Americano de Alergia, Asma e Inmunología (ACAAI) en la Reunión científica anual del ACAAI el 8 de noviembre en Nueva Orleans.

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SWISS-APERO is the first randomized clinical trial comparing Amulet with the new generation Watchman FLX device in terms of residual left atrial appendage (LAA) patency after percutaneous LAA closure (LAAC) as evaluated by 45-day cardiac computed tomography angiography (CCTA). The study showed that the two devices achieve a similar rate of LAA occlusion at 45 days but through different mechanism. Furthermore, Amulet as compared with Watchman FLX was associated with higher procedural complications but similar clinical outcomes at 45-days.

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Utilizing a magnetically-controlled capsule endoscopy system, the double-blind, randomized OPT-PEACE trial found that nearly all patients receiving antiplatelet therapy developed evidence of abnormal gastrointestinal (GI) mucosal findings on capsule endoscopy. Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) followed by single anti-platelet therapy (SAPT) led to less GI injury than continued DAPT.

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Results from the largest randomized trial available comparing different closure device strategies following transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) found that a plug-based vascular closure technique had a shorter time to hemostasis but a higher rate of access-site or access-related vascular complications.

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Allergist Mark Corbett, MD, of Louisville, KY, was installed as president of the American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology at the ACAAI Annual Scientific Meeting on November 8 in New Orleans.

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While investigators have known that maternal and fetal outcomes of pregnancy among women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have improved over time, it is unknown whether the improved outcomes are shared equally among different racial and ethnic groups. Lupus has been shown to disproportionately affect minorities of childbearing age. A new study that includes researchers from Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) presented today at the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) annual meeting shows that pregnancy outcomes in women with lupus have improved in all racial and ethnic groups over the past decade, but disparities still exist.

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An economic analysis of data from PARTNER 3, a randomized trial comparing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) and surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) in patients with severe aortic stenosis and low surgical risk, found that despite higher procedural costs, at 2-year follow-up, quality-adjusted life expectancy was greater and total costs were lower with TAVR; as a result, at 2-years, TAVR was cost-effective for these patients.

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Results from SUGAR, a randomized, controlled, multicenter trial conducted exclusively in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and with minimum exclusion criteria, found that amphilimus-eluting stents (AES) were superior to zotarolimus-eluting stents (ZES) with regard to target lesion and target vessel failure composite outcomes at one year.

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The primary results of the Fractional Flow Reserve Versus Angiography for Multivessel Evaluation (FAME) 3 trial found that percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) guided by fractional flow reserve (FFR) did not meet noninferiority for one-year adverse events compared to coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in patients with three-vessel coronary artery disease. Patients with a low SYNTAX score (which measures the complexity of coronary artery disease) had less incidence of adverse events compared to those with intermediate or high SYNTAX scores, and in this cohort of patients PCI performed more favorably.

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Six-month outcomes from the randomized RADIANCE-HTN TRIO Trial comparing endovascular ultrasound renal denervation (RDN) to a sham procedure for treatment-resistant hypertension (HTN) found that the addition of a pharmacologic intervention led to further blood pressure reductions after RDN with a smaller increase in additional medications prescribed and less use of diuretics.

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The FAVOR III China trial found that lesion selection for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) using the non-invasively assessed physiologic measurement quantitative flow ratio (QFR) improved outcomes for PCI compared with a standard angiography-guided strategy.

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New five-year data from the SURTAVI trial found that there was no difference in all-cause mortality or stroke between patients at intermediate surgical risk who had transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) or surgery. Although there were initially more reinterventions after TAVR, the rates were similar after two years and key clinical endpoints were also similar.

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• People who are on dialysis or who have undergone kidney transplantation have immune system–related differences compared with people with normal kidney function, and these differences are further amplified by SARS-CoV-2 infection. • The findings may help explain why these individuals face a higher risk of dying from COVID-19. • Results from the study will be presented online at ASN Kidney Week 2021 November 4–November 7.

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• Taking sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors was linked with lower risks of developing cardiovascular disease and kidney failure among patients with type 1 diabetes when using prediction models called the Steno Type 1 Risk Engines. • Results from the study will be presented online at ASN Kidney Week 2021 November 4–November 7.

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A new study by researchers at Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) in New York City demonstrates over half of patients with rheumatic diseases who contracted COVID-19 during the pandemic and completed a COVID-19 survey, experienced so-called “long-haul” COVID, or prolonged symptoms of the infection, including loss of taste or smell, muscle aches and difficulty concentrating, for one month or longer.

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Crowdsourcing has become an increasingly popular way to develop machine learning algorithms to address many clinical problems in a variety of illnesses. Today at the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) annual meeting, a multicenter team led by an investigator from Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) presented the results from the RA2-DREAM Challenge, a crowdsourced effort focused on developing better methods to quantify joint damage in people with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

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• Results from a recent clinical trial indicate that the diabetes drug dapagliflozin slows kidney function decline in patients with chronic kidney disease, regardless of whether they have diabetes. • Results from the study will be presented online at ASN Kidney Week 2021 November 4–November 7.

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The results of numerous high-impact clinical trials that could affect kidney-related medical care will be presented online at ASN Kidney Week 2021 November 4–November 7.

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Researchers at Washington University in St. Louis have recently developed a successful predictive model for hospitalized cancer patients that integrates heterogeneous data available in electronic health records.

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A new study being presented at this ACAAI Annual Scientific Meeting reveals that most young adults surveyed did not receive sufficient transition preparation from their pediatric asthma providers.

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Two new studies being presented at this year’s ACAAI Annual Scientific Meeting show most people who think they will have an allergic reaction, or who believe they have had an allergic response to the first vaccine, can safely be fully vaccinated.

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A new study being presented at this year’s ACAAI Annual Scientific Meeting reveals that although 58% of those surveyed reported their primary care physician discussed early peanut introduction, only 40% of the parents said they received a recommendation to introduce peanut by 11 months of age.

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A new study being presented at this year’s ACAAI Annual Scientific Meeting showed the majority of pregnant women with a penicillin allergy label who were tested were not allergic and could tolerate penicillin during labor.

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A new study being presented at this year’s ACAAI Annual Scientific Meeting reveals Latinos with asthma were 4.6 times more likely than Blacks to develop asthma exacerbations (uncontrolled asthma) following COIVD-19, and 2.9 times more likely than whites.

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Un nuevo estudio que se presenta en la Reunión científica anual del ACAAI de este año revela que, aunque el 58 % de los encuestados informaron de que su médico de atención primaria (PCP) les habló sobre la incorporación temprana del cacahuate, solo el 40 % de los padres dijo haber recibido una recomendación de incorporar el cacahuate antes de los 11 meses de edad.

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Dos nuevos estudios que se presentan en la Reunión científica anual del ACAAI de este año muestran que la mayoría de las personas que piensan que tendrán una reacción alérgica, o que creen que han tenido una respuesta alérgica a la primera vacuna, pueden recibir todas las dosis de la vacuna de forma segura.

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Un nuevo estudio que se presenta en la Reunión científica anual del ACAAI de este año hizo un seguimiento de 5874 niños con asma en Los Ángeles durante 15 años y descubrió que no hubo un aumento de las sensibilizaciones alérgicas.

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Un nuevo estudio que se presenta en la Reunión científica anual del ACAAI de este año revela que la mayoría de los adultos encuestados no recibió preparación suficiente para su transición de parte de sus proveedores de la salud de asma infantil.

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Un nuevo estudio que se presenta en la Reunión científica anual del ACAAI de este año revela que la población latina con asma tenían 4.6 veces más probabilidad que la población negra de presentar exacerbaciones del asma (asma no controlada) después de la COVID-19 y 2.9 veces más probabilidad que la población blanca.

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Un nuevo estudio que se presenta en la Reunión científica anual del ACAAI de este año revela que la incorporación temprana del huevo está asociada con una menor probabilidad de tener alergia al huevo.

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Un nuevo caso médicamente difícil presentado en la Reunión Científica Anual del ACAAI de este año informa de una situación en la que un medicamento antinflamatorio no esteroideo (AINE) causó una reacción anafiláctica en una maratonista.

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A new medically challenging case presented at this year’s ACAAI Annual Scientific Meeting reports a situation in which a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug caused an anaphylactic reaction in a female runner.

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A new study being presented at this year’s ACAAI Annual Scientific Meeting reveals that early egg introduction is associated with decreased egg allergy.

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Un nuevo estudio que se presenta en la Reunión científica anual del ACAAI de este año mostró que la mayoría de las mujeres embarazadas con una etiqueta de alergia a la penicilina a las que se les hizo la prueba no eran alérgicas y podían tolerar la penicilina durante el parto.

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A new study being presented at this year’s ACAAI Annual Scientific Meeting followed 5,874 kids with asthma in Los Angeles for 15 years and found no increase in allergic sensitizations.

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• Certain factors may explain why men are more likely than women to develop kidney stones. • The gap between men and women in terms of risk of stones is getting smaller. • Results from the study will be presented online at ASN Kidney Week 2021 November 4-November 7.

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• Among hospitalized patients, a diagnosis of acute kidney injury was linked to worse patient outcomes after hospital discharge. • Results from the study will be presented online at ASN Kidney Week 2021 November 4–November 7.