Focus: Hidden - DC

• share
• favorite_border

Children who participate in high-quality early childhood education (ECE) programs before entering kindergarten later experience fewer special education placements, decreased grade retention, and improved high school graduation rates compared with peers who do not participate,according to new research published today in Educational Researcher, a peer-reviewed journal of the American Educational Research Association (AERA).

• share
• favorite_border

Lignocellulose-degrading enzyme complexes could improve biofuel production.

• share
• favorite_border

Scientists use heat and mismatched surfaces to stretch films that can potentially improve the efficient operation of devices.

• share
• favorite_border

Defect spins in diamond were controlled with a simpler, geometric method, leading to faster computing.

• share
• favorite_border

More frequent storms turn forests from carbon source to sink.

• share
• favorite_border

Monoterpene measures how certain forests respond to heat stress.

• share
• favorite_border

Whether carbon comes from leaves or needles affects how fast it decomposes, but where it ends up determines how long it's available.

• share
• favorite_border

Someday, left-over toner in discarded printer cartridges could have a second life as bridge or building components instead of as trash, wasting away in landfills and potentially harming the environment. One group reports in ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering that they have devised a method to recycle the residual powder in “empty” cartridges into iron using temperatures that are compatible with existing industrial processes.

• share
• favorite_border

As any wine enthusiast knows, the “legs” that run down a glass after a gentle swirl of vinocan yield clues about alcohol content. Interestingly, the physical phenomenon that helps create these legs can be harnessed to propel tiny motors to carry out tasks on the surface of water. Scientists demonstrate the motors in a report in ACS’ journal Langmuir.

• share
• favorite_border

Fortified and biofortified foods are at the forefront of efforts to combat vitamin A deficiency worldwide. But little is known about what influence processing may have on the retention of vitamin A precursors in these foods. Now in a study appearing in ACS Omega, scientists report that a high percentage of these healthful substances — in some cases, almost all — can survive cooking, depending on the preparation method.

• share
• favorite_border

With the Paradise Papers dominating headlines, research by a professor in American University’s Kogod School of Business suggests we’ve been getting tough on tax avoidance all wrong.

• share
• favorite_border

Journalists have a few extra days to enter the 11th annual Award for Excellence in Science and Medical Journalism. Entries will be accepted through Friday, December 1, 2017.

• share
• favorite_border

DHS S&T hosted a week-long 2017 First Responder Electronic Jamming Exercise (JamX 17) at Idaho National Lab (INL) in Idaho Falls, Idaho where nearly 100 federal, state, and local public safety and private organizations gathered to test tactics and technologies.

• share
• favorite_border

Readily rotating molecules let electrons last, resulting in higher solar cell efficiency.

• share
• favorite_border

The Endocrine Society, George Washington University and the Consulate General of Peru are partnering to educate the local expatriate and immigrant communities about diabetes.

• share
• favorite_border

S&T supports its wide range of research and development projects by providing researchers, businesses and organizations in the cybersecurity community multiple pathways to partnership.

• share
• favorite_border

DHS S&T has awarded funding to four research and development (R&D) projects that will improve the threat detection capabilities of current X-ray technologies for passenger X-ray baggage systems.

• share
• favorite_border

Commonplace suggestive jokes, such as “that’s what she said,” normalize and dismiss the horror of sexual misconduct experiences, experts suggest in a new essay published in Communication and Critical/Cultural Studies, a National Communication Association publication.

• share
• favorite_border

The National Institutes of Health (NIH) has awarded the Global Biological Standards Institute (GBSI) $2.34 million over five years for a groundbreaking experimental design training project to improve reproducibility in preclinical research. The project, entitled “Producing Reproducible Experiments by Promoting Reverse Experimental Design” (PREPaRED),* is a collaborative educational partnership between GBSI and faculty at Harvard Medical School, Vanderbilt University, Purdue University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).

• share
• favorite_border

Researchers at Georgetown University Medical Center have found distinct molecular signatures in two brain disorders long thought to be psychological in origin — chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) and Gulf War Illness (GWI).

• share
• favorite_border

Innovative products and chemistries within the cleaning product supply chain will be highlighted at the 2018 American Cleaning Institute (ACI) Annual Meeting & Industry Convention.

• share
• favorite_border

DHS S&T is initiating a series of Biometric Technology Rallies to support industry innovation and advance technologies that support DHS and Homeland Security Enterprise operations.

• share
• favorite_border

The Endocrine Society issued a new Scientific Statement today examining how diabetes damages the body’s smallest blood vessels as well as how the condition affects the body’s natural repair processes designed to protect the eyes, kidneys, nerves and other organs.

• share
• favorite_border

With antibiotic resistance on the rise, bacterial contamination of food is becoming more problematic. Now in a study appearing in ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering, scientists report that they have developed an antibacterial “sugar-glass” coating in which viruses that destroy bacteria are embedded and are kept stable for up to three months.

• share
• favorite_border

Air-conditioned buildings bring welcome relief to people coming in from the heat. But creatingthat comfort comes with a cost to our wallets and the environment in the form of increased energy bills andgreenhouse gas emissions.

• share
• favorite_border

Scientists and activists alike have been looking for a solution to the problem of aquatic nutrient pollution. Now one group reports in Environmental Science & Technology that ribbed mussels are up to the clean-up challenge.

• share
• favorite_border

New graduate certificate in Islamic finance offered at American University prepares professionals for the growing Islamic capital markets.

• share
• favorite_border

Preliminary research presented today at APHA’s 2017 Annual Meeting and Expo examined the trend in hospitalizations from opioid poisonings in West Virginia, a state heavily impacted by the current opioid overdose crisis.

• share
• favorite_border

Following is the statement of APA President Antonio E. Puente, PhD, in response to the shootings at a Texas church that left at least 26 people dead and 20 others wounded, and President Trump’s assertion that the attack was a “mental health problem”:

• share
• favorite_border

The arrangement of electrons in an exotic human-made element shows that certain properties of heavy elements cannot be predicted using lighter ones.

• share
• favorite_border

New research presented today at APHA’s 2017 Annual Meeting and Expo examined the burden of air pollution and its association with mortality in Chinese cities.

• share
• favorite_border

New research presented today at APHA’s 2017 Annual Meeting and Expo revealed that the severity of firearm injuries has increased over the past 20 years.

• share
• favorite_border

New research presented today at APHA’s 2017 Annual Meeting and Expo examined the effect of marijuana use and dependence on life achievement in young adults.

• share
• favorite_border

• A new study demonstrated that TRC101, a hydrochloric acid binder for the treatment of metabolic acidosis associated with chronic kidney disease, provided a rapid and sustained average increase in serum bicarbonate. • All adverse effects were mild or moderate.

• share
• favorite_border

• The estimated global burden of chronic kidney disease attributable to fine particulate matter is more than 10.7 million cases per year. • Results from the study will be presented at ASN Kidney Week 2017 October 31–November 5 at the Ernest N. Morial Convention Center in New Orleans, LA.

• share
• favorite_border

• From 2004 to 2016, VA patients had lower rates of transplantation compared with patients with Medicare or private insurance. • VA patients also had a higher rate of mortality on the waiting list compared with privately insured patients. • Results from the study will be presented at ASN Kidney Week 2017 October 31–November 5 at the Ernest N. Morial Convention Center in New Orleans, LA.

• share
• favorite_border

• In young women, a history of kidney stones was associated with metabolic and hypertensive complications. • Results from the study will be presented at ASN Kidney Week 2017 October 31–November 5 at the Ernest N. Morial Convention Center in New Orleans, LA.

• share
• favorite_border

The results of numerous high-impact clinical trials that could affect kidney-related medical care will be presented at ASN Kidney Week 2017, October 31–November 5 at the Ernest N. Morial Convention Center in New Orleans, LA.

• share
• favorite_border

• In an analysis of published studies, individuals who used proton pump inhibitors had a 33% increased relative risk of developing chronic kidney disease or kidney failure when compared with non-users. • Results from the analysis will be presented at ASN Kidney Week 2017 October 31–November 5 at the Ernest N. Morial Convention Center in New Orleans, LA.

• share
• favorite_border

• In white patients with chronic kidney disease, those with depressive symptoms had a higher risk of early death than those without depressive symptoms. This risk was much lower after accounting for use of anti-depressants, however. • In black patients, the presence of depressive symptoms was not linked to risk of death. • Results from the study will be presented at ASN Kidney Week 2017 October 31–November 5 at the Ernest N. Morial Convention Center in New Orleans, LA.

• share
• favorite_border

• The American Society of Nephrology (ASN), the world’s largest organization of kidney health professionals, has elected Mark D. Okusa, MD, FASN, as the next ASN President. • Dr. Okusa officially assumes his role as ASN President during the society’s annual meeting, ASN Kidney Week 2017, the largest gathering of kidney care specialists in the world, and will begin his term on January 1, 2018.

• share
• favorite_border

• In patients treated for hypertension, greater reductions in mean blood pressure were linked with reduced kidney function. • Results from the analysis will be presented at ASN Kidney Week 2017 October 31–November 5 at the Ernest N. Morial Convention Center in New Orleans, LA.

• share
• favorite_border

• In patients with chronic kidney disease, there was a dose-dependent inverse association between caffeine consumption and early death. • Results from the analysis will be presented at ASN Kidney Week 2017 October 31–November 5 at the Ernest N. Morial Convention Center in New Orleans, LA.

• share
• favorite_border

• In a recent analysis, African American patients were less likely to be wait-listed than White patients.  This difference was influenced by factors including age, comorbidities, socio-economic status, being on dialysis, having a living donor, transplant knowledge, and social support. • Results from the study will be presented at ASN Kidney Week 2017 October 31–November 5 at the Ernest N. Morial Convention Center in New Orleans, LA.

• share
• favorite_border

• Among children with impaired kidney function, those with high blood pressure at night experienced a faster time to kidney failure than children with normal blood pressure. This decline was even more pronounced in patients with high blood pressure during both day and night when compared with children with normal blood pressure. • Results from the study will be presented at ASN Kidney Week 2017 October 31–November 5 at the Ernest N. Morial Convention Center in New Orleans, LA.

• share
• favorite_border

• Insomnia was linked with increased risks of early death, rapid kidney function decline, and kidney failure in a group of US veterans. • Results from the study will be presented at ASN Kidney Week 2017 October 31–November 5 at the Ernest N. Morial Convention Center in New Orleans, LA.

• share
• favorite_border

Modifying the internal structure of 2-D hybrid perovskite materials causes them to emit white light.

• share
• favorite_border

• A particular protein is found in abundance in the kidneys of patients with an aggressive form of kidney disease called fibrillary glomerulonephritis. The discovery may improve diagnosis, and eventually, treatment. • The protein was identified by two research groups, working independently.

• share
• favorite_border

A new shape measurement of unstable ruthenium-110 has found this nucleus to be similar to a squashed football.

• share
• favorite_border

The report of President Trump’s commission on combating the opioid epidemic sets the stage for an effective national response, but the need for adequate funding remains unaddressed, according to the American Psychological Association.