Feature Channels: Trauma

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Researchers from the University of Maryland School of Medicine and the University of Maryland A. James Clark School of Engineering have developed a new military vehicle shock absorbing device that may protect troops from traumatic brain injury after a land mine blast. Over the past 18 years of conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan, more than 250,000 troops have suffered such injuries.

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Elastic frame design reduces blast acceleration up to 80 percent; technology could be adapted for vehicle bumpers, athletic helmets.

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Police officers rarely use force in apprehending suspects, and when they do they seldom cause significant injuries to those arrested, according to a multi-site study published in the March issue of the Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery.

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On February 14th, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved a blood test that has been proposed to diagnose concussion. Many media outlets quickly reported this announcement as being a breakthrough in concussion diagnosis.

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University at Buffalo researchers are working with a sample of members of the Buffalo Police Department on a three-year $814,000 study being funded by the U.S. Department of Justice’s National Institute of Justice.

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At least 21 government employees who were exposed to unusual noises while serving at the United States Embassy in Havana, Cuba, show effects similar to traumatic brain injury, according to preliminary study results published this week in the Journal of the American Medical Association.

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This involvement carries many challenges, including jeopardizing neutrality and risking “instrumentalization,” or becoming compromised, and the report’s authors recommend that this type of situation be avoided whenever possible.

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Individuals with tetraplegia prioritize development of technology to restore lost upper limb strength and dexterity as a means to improve quality of life. This study aims to demonstrate a wearable functional electrical stimulation (FES) orthotic provided manual dexterity for object manipulation through a thought-controlled brain-computer interface (BCI).

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The places change, and the death tolls do, too — three at a marathon, eight on a New York City street, 26 at an elementary school, 27 in a church, 49 in a nightclub, 58 at a country music festival. These nonsensical, violent attacks leave many people critically wounded and in need of immediate care with every second crucial to the injured, says University of Alabama at Birmingham trauma surgeon Jeff Kerby, M.

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From what long-term psychological effects are Yazidi women suffering after being captured, raped, beaten, and locked away by ISIS? A comprehensive study led by Bar-Ilan University researchers has shown that a very high percentage of these women were suffering from C-PTSD in addition to others with PTSD. Furthermore, victims with C-PTSD showed greater sensitivity to post-ISIS conditions. The team intends to launch a program to train Kurdish mental health workers how to treat the disorder.

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Focus groups of ICU nurses reveal concerns and preferences regarding a proposed eight-week program to promote resilience and prevent burnout. The study is one of four articles in a journal symposium that discuss how to support nurses in the workplace.

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Sleep quality partially mediates the relationship between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and pain in children and adolescents, according to new research reported in The Journal of Pain, published by the American Pain Society.

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Sandia National Laboratories is developing specialized computer modeling and simulation methods to better understand how blasts on a battlefield could lead to traumatic brain injury and injuries to vital organs, like the heart and lungs.

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New research published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences indicates that lesions to brain areas in individuals exhibiting criminal behavior all fall within a particular brain network involved in moral decision-making.

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Mayo Clinic has been named a Center of Excellence by Angioma Alliance for treatment and research into cerebral cavernous angiomas.

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Douglas H. Smith, MD, the Robert A. Groff Professor of Neurosurgery at the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, has received a $4-million, four-year PACT (PA Consortium on Traumatic Brain Injury) award from the Pennsylvania Department of Health to lead a multi-institution effort to transform the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of traumatic brain injury.

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Playing an adventure video game featuring a fictitious, young emergency physician treating severe trauma patients was better than text-based learning at priming real doctors to quickly recognize the patients who needed higher levels of care, according to a new trial. The game tackles the annual problem of 30,000 preventable deaths occurring after injury, in part because severely injured patients aren't promptly transferred to trauma centers.

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The ACS TQIP annual meeting featured bleeding control training and a keynote speech outlining the progress to date of bleeding control efforts.

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There is a more than 50 per cent reduction in the occurrence of headaches with the atraumatic needles, and also more than a 50 per cent reduction in patient readmissions and return to emergency rooms for narcotics or blood patches.

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Researchers have found a two-way link between traumatic brain injury and intestinal changes. These interactions may contribute to increased infections in these patients, and may also worsen chronic brain damage.

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The University of Chicago Medicine celebrated the completion of what will be the city’s newest and most advanced adult emergency department when the $39 million facility opens to patients in late December. The bigger facility not only increases access to urgent treatment for acute illnesses and injuries for the community, but it also brings the academic health system one essential step closer toward offering adult trauma care on the South Side of Chicago, pending state regulatory approval.

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Mass shootings such as the one in Las Vegas earlier this fall have highlighted the need for bystanders to learn first aid techniques to stop bleeding.

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esearchers found that conditional deletion of Sox2 – the gene encoding the SOX2 stem cell transcription factor – and the associated dampening of astrocyte reactivity appear to promote functional recovery, including behavioral recovery, after traumatic brain injury, said Dr. Zhang, a W.W. Caruth, Jr. Scholar in Biomedical Research.

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Work underway in a laboratory at the University of Delaware suggest certain drugs can prevent and reduce changes to the brain caused by mistreatment at an early age.

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Ronald V. Maier, MD, FACS, was elected President-Elect of the ACS at the College’s Annual Business Meeting held during the 2017 Clinical Congress.

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McMaster University neuroscientists studying sports-related head injuries have found that it takes less than a full concussion to cause memory loss, possibly because even mild trauma can interrupt the production of new neurons in a region of the brain responsible for memory. Though such losses are temporary, the findings raise questions about the long-term effects of repeated injuries and the academic performance of student athletes.

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A review of patients who suffered firearms-related eye trauma shows significant disparities in race, location, and circumstance, according to research presented today at AAO 2017, the 121st Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Ophthalmology.

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CIHR-promoted researchers explore Post-traumatic stress disorder

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Rural counties continue to rank lowest among counties across the U.S., in terms of health outcomes. A group of national organizations including the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation and the National 4-H Council are leading the way to close the rural health gap.

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Veteran sailors know that rogue waves can rise suddenly in mid-ocean to capsize even the largest vessels. Now it appears that a similar phenomenon called shear shock wave occurs in the concussed brain. It may help explain why some head knocks cause so much more harm than others.

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Technology that keeps track of how your smartphone is oriented can now give $50,000 ultrasound machines many of the 3-D imaging abilities of their $250,000 counterparts — for the cost of a $10 microchip. Doctors and engineers from Duke and Stanford universities will demonstrate their device Oct. 31 at the American College of Emergency Physicians (ACEP) Research Forum in Washington, D.C.

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The cerebellum is activated in patients using the neuro-emotional technique (NET) to alleviate stress from traumatic cancer-related memories.

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Hockey players in their early teens who have had a concussion may still have brain changes three months later, long after other symptoms have cleared and they are allowed to return to play, according to a study published in the October 25, 2017, online issue of Neurology®, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology. The study looked at brain scans of boys who played in Bantam hockey leagues when body checking is first introduced.

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Researchers at University of California San Diego School of Medicine have expanded a statewide program called Training, Research and Education Driving Safety (TREDS) with the goal of reducing deaths from vehicular crashes.

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As Hurricane Harvey battered Houston, dumping more than 51 inches of rain, the medical team at Lyndon B. Johnson Hospital performed its first life-saving brain surgery on patient. The team, led by a colorectal surgeon, cobbled together tools and equipment for a successful procedure.

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In this month’s release, find new embargoed research showing TBI laws effective at reducing recurrent concussions in high school athletes, shall-issue gun permits and increased homicide, measuring loaded handgun carrying and decreasing abortion rate

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Wolters Kluwer, in partnership with the Orthopaedic Trauma Association (OTA) and its International Section, announce OTA International, a new open access journal published alongside the Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma. OTA International aims to further knowledge, foster innovation, support research and education, and promote quality and good clinical practice in the field of orthopaedic trauma.

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University of Pittsburgh scientists are unlocking the complexities of a recently discovered cell death process that plays a key role in health and disease, and new findings link their discovery to asthma, kidney injury and brain trauma. The results, reported today in the journal Cell, are the early steps toward drug development that could transform emergency and critical care treatment.

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The National Institute on Disability, Independent Living and Rehabilitation Research (NIDILRR) has awarded the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai’s Department of Rehabilitation Medicine and the Brain Injury Research Center a five-year grant totaling $2.2 million to fund the New York Traumatic Brain Injury Model System at Mount Sinai to study traumatic brain injury (TBI).

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Researchers examined exposure to high-magnitude head impacts (accelerations greater than 40g) in young athletes, 9 to 12 years of age, during football games and practice drills to determine under what circumstances these impacts occur and how representative practice activities are of game activities with respect to the impacts. This type of information can help coaches and league officials make informed decisions in structuring both practices and games to reduce risks in these young athletes.

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Dr. Kathleen Bell has received the 2017 Frank H. Krusen, MD, Lifetime Achievement Award for advancing research and clinical care in the field of physical medicine and rehabilitation.

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Rutgers trauma physicians are training the public to stop blood loss – and save lives – during emergencies

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School officials focused exclusively on bullying prevention efforts might want to consider the findings of a new study showing the highly damaging effects of multiple forms of victimization on school climate.

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Vanderbilt scientists have taken an important step toward understanding the way in which injured cells trigger wound healing, an insight essential for improving treatments of all types of wounds.

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