How were the Earth’s solid deposits of iron ore created? Dr. Itay Halevy suggests that, billions of years ago, “green rust” formed in seawater and sank to the ocean bed, becoming an original source of banded iron formations. While this would have been just one means of iron deposition, green rust seems to have delivered a large proportion of iron to our early ocean.
The later-in-life effects of early life exposure to inorganic arsenic, reducing the toxicity of cancer treatments, advances in organs-on-a-chip and other alternative test methods, how to translate in vitro research to real-world understanding, controversies in pesticide toxicology, and the reproductive and developmental effects of botanical dietary supplements are just a few of the cutting-edge scientific topics being explored at the Society of Toxicology (SOT) 56th Annual Meeting and ToxExpo.
CBE will celebrate two decades of research that's yielded a broad and valuable body of knowledge, innovation, publications and industry impacts.
Edward Hirschberg, President of Innovative Foods and recipient of the Institute of Food Technologists’ 2016 Babcock-Hart Award for his many contributions to food processing, shared some potential solutions to many of the world’s food waste problems in the January issue of Food Technology magazine.
Cornell University engineers have developed a new technique to test for a wide range of micropollutants in lakes, rivers and other potable water sources that vastly outperforms conventional methods. The new technique – using high-resolution mass spectrometry – assessed 18 water samples collected from New York state waterways. A total of 112 so-called micropollutants were found in at least one of the samples.
Indiana University research reveals a pattern of companies strategically locating facilities where wind will carry pollution across state lines, which can allow states to reap the benefits of jobs and tax revenue but share the negative effects -- air pollution -- with neighbors.
Researchers are reviving one of the Mississippi River's main filters: the floodplain. The result is a unique environment that removes nitrogen, a contributor to the Gulf of Mexico's dead zone.
Replacing biomass and kerosene cookstoves used throughout the developing world with clean-burning ethanol stoves may reduce hypertension and cardiovascular risk in pregnant women, according to new research published online, ahead of print in the American Thoracic Society’s American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine.
In a clinical trial in Nigeria that replaced biomass and kerosene cookstoves with clean-burning ethanol stoves, researchers were able to reduce by two-thirds the risk of high blood pressure and cardiovascular disease in pregnant women.
A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine committee today released a report aimed at ensuring that estimates of the social cost of carbon dioxide used by the U.S. government keep reflecting state-of-the-art science and evidence. Rutgers Today asked committee member Robert E. Kopp, an associate professor in the Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences at Rutgers, to discuss the topic.
Once released into the environment, radioactive materials pose risks. Scientists found that a protein that binds radioactive elements, such as plutonium. This discovery could lead to new ways to clean a contaminated area.
linked changes in social behavior with sublethal exposure to the neonicotinoid pesticide, imidacloprid.
A common species of zooplankton—the smallest animals in the freshwater food web—can evolve genetic tolerance to moderate levels of road salt in as little as two and a half months, according to new research published online today in the journal Environmental Pollution.
For the first time, researchers at the University of Illinois at Chicago have mapped the location of thousands of tons of polyhalogenated carbazoles in the sediment of the Great Lakes and estimated their amount.
The Endocrine Society expressed disappointment today in the European Commission's revised proposal on defining and identifying endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), citing unnecessarily narrow criteria for identifying EDCs that will make it nearly impossible for scientists to meet the unrealistically high burden of proof and protect the public from dangerous chemicals.
A team of researchers at The University of Texas at Dallas has developed a novel method for trapping potentially harmful gases within microscopic organo-metallic structures. These metal organic frameworks, or MOFs, are made of different building blocks composed of metal ion centers and organic linker molecules. Together they form a honeycomb-like structure that can trap gases within each comb, or pore.
What's their secret and can humans learn from them?
Oil spills could be cleaned up in the icy, rough waters of the Arctic with a chemically modified sawdust material that absorbs up to five times its weight in oil and stays afloat for at least four months.
A collaboration of universities and government agencies has identified three key agricultural management plans for curtailing harmful algal blooms. They have also identified a looming funding gap for enacting those plans.
A Queen’s University Belfast expert is leading a €4m international initiative to investigate whether natural toxins and manmade chemicals are creating potentially dangerous mixtures that affect our natural hormones and cause major illnesses such as cancer, obesity, diabetes or infertility.
A little over a year ago, McGuire began the Florida Microplastic Awareness Project, a citizen science project that has trained volunteers throughout Florida to gather data about microplastics in coastal waters. So far, volunteers have collected and analyzed 770 water samples at 256 locations. These citizen scientists found an average of eight piece of plastic per sample. 82 percent of plastic found was microfiber, an unexpected finding.
Scientists at the University of Birmingham are in Delhi and working with their Indian counterparts to help young researchers better understand the causes, sources and effects of pollution in India and the UK.
A study of more than 5,000 Wisconsin lakes shows that nearly a quarter of them have become murkier in the past two decades. It also shows this trend could get worse as a changing climate leads to increased precipitation.
A new study led by Pacific University biologist Chris Templeton demonstrates that the alarm calls of songbirds are dramatically impaired by road traffic noise. Research by Templeton and colleagues has shown that signals critical for the survival of animals are compromised when birds live near even moderately busy roads.
University of Washington engineers have developed the first transgenic grass species that can take up and destroy RDX -- a toxic compound that has been widely used in explosives since World War II and contaminates military bases across the U.S. and some offsite drinking water wells.
Naturally occurring chemicals found in de-icing road salts can alter the sex ratios in nearby frog populations, a phenomenon that could reduce the size and viability of species populations, according to a new study by scientists at Yale and Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute.
Research into two natural chemicals shows how they compete to coat and change atmospheric particles created by fossil fuel combustion. The results could improve the accuracy of climate and air quality simulations.
In pictures, the Arctic appears pristine and timeless with its barren lands and icy landscape. In reality, the area is rapidly changing. Scientists are working to understand the chemistry behind these changes to better predict what could happen to the region in the future. One team reports in ACS' Journal of Physical Chemistry A that sea salt could play a larger role in the formation of local atmospheric pollutants than previously thought.
In 2014, the 74,763 new energy vehicles sold accounted for only 0.3 percent of total automobile sales in China that year. So a group of researchers set out to find out what motivates or influences consumer to purchase electric vehicles within seven cities in China. They report their findings this week in the Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy.
In 1952 a killer fog covered London for five days, causing breathing problems and killing thousands of residents. The exact cause and nature of the fog has remained mostly unknown for decades, but an international team of scientists believes that the mystery has been solved.
Plastic in ocean releases sulfuric scent that tells seabirds to forage
The latest research and features on Animals in the Wildlife News Source
Soil pollution rarely makes headlines, though it is a prevalent global issue. Spectroscopic technologies are a promising alternative to traditional analytical methods. They can reduce soil processing time from a week to mere minutes.
Dr. Ryan Taylor of Salisbury University’s Biological Sciences Department explored with a team from the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute in Panama how “Bats Perceptually Weight Prey Cues Across Sensory Systems When Hunting in Noise.”
When researchers try to uncover the cause of disease, they commonly start with two questions: Did a quirk in the patient’s genes open the door to illness, or did exposure to environmental factors play havoc with the patient’s health?
Children from urban areas of New York City who engaged in vigorous daily exercise had greater exposure to black carbon, a traffic-related pollutant, than children who were less active, according to Columbia University researchers.
Toxic chemical and other environmental risks that Miami area Hispanics face are higher than those faced by the area’s U.S.-born Hispanic and white residents, but are almost identical to risks faced by the area’s black population.
Fine particulate matter air pollution may be associated with blood vessel damage and inflammation among young, healthy adults, according to new research in Circulation Research, an American Heart Association journal.
Annual health care costs and lost earnings in the United States from low-level but daily exposure to hazardous chemicals commonly found in plastic bottles, metal food cans, detergents, flame retardants, toys, cosmetics, and pesticides, exceeds $340 billion, according to a detailed economic analysis by researchers at NYU Langone Medical Center.
A new study suggests that the ‘neighbourhood effect’ of slums could help to alleviate some of their associated health problems. A team of academics led by Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick have conducted a review of international slum research, which is being published in The Lancet.
In a new study, researchers at the USDA-Agricultural Research Service have calculated how much chicken litter farmers need to apply to cotton crops to maximize profits.
A survey of international members of the American Thoracic Society (ATS) found that 96 percent of respondents agreed that climate change is occurring and 81 percent indicated that climate change has direct relevance to patient care. Compared to a similar survey of American ATS members, more international physician members reported that climate change was affecting their patients “a great deal” or a “moderate amount” (69 percent international vs. 44 percent U.S.).
The health of upriver streams, or headwaters, is vital to the function and biodiversity of downstream waters. By 1990, farm pollution in Northern Ireland had damaged over half of these small tributaries. Reforms started in 1990 have made progress.
Scientists working in the mid-Atlantic and south-west Indian Ocean have found evidence of microfibers ingested by deep sea animals including hermit crabs, squat lobsters and sea cucumbers, revealing for the first time the environmental fallout of microplastic pollution.
High indoor temperatures appear to worsen symptoms of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or COPD, particularly in homes that also have high levels of air pollutants, according to new research published in the Annals of the American Thoracic Society.
A new study of lead pollution in the North Atlantic Ocean provides strong evidence that leaded petrol emissions have declined over the past few decades.
A new material made of tiny nanofibers could replace potentially harmful materials found in diapers and sanitary products, according to new research published in Applied Materials Today.
Genomic analysis of 142 ethnic groups spanning the range of human diversity has yielded insights into modern human variation and ancient population dynamics The effort has resulted in the largest whole-genome data set of under- and unstudied populations and is accessible to scientists worldwide The results enrich the catalog of population-specific genetic variants linked to disease and may help inform the development of precision-targeted diagnostic tests and treatments
Beginning in 2008, Volkswagen installed software to circumvent emissions testing by turning off the nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions control system in real-world driving in nearly half a million cars. A new analysis using a tool developed and used by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to assess the health and economic impacts related to air quality calculates that a single year of elevated emissions from the affected VW vehicles could lead to as many as 50 premature deaths, 3,000 lost workdays, and $423 million in economic costs.
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