Ordinary people are much more adept at scientific reasoning than most psychological literature gives them credit for, argues a Cornell University expert in cognitive development in a new book, "Theory and Evidence: The Development of Scientific Reasoning."
A new self-administered true-false questionnaire developed at Cornell University Medical College and tested at Cornell University by psychopathologist Mark Lenzenweger, reliably identified persons with personality pathology.
How science-based nutrition information can be used to improve policy is focus of new book, "Beyond Nutritional Recommendations: Implementing Science for Healthier Populations," edited by Cornell nutritionists.
In polymer chemistry, as in architecture, it's important to pay close attention to your builing base.
Physicians reporting at the American Association of Neurological Surgeons (AANS) annual meeting describe how the Voxel Digital Holography System is helping them plan and perform complex neurosurgeries.
By revealing exactly how oxygen and various organometallic molecules interact, fundamental studies at the University of Delaware may someday support the development of improved organometallic catalysts for making a variety of molecules--from plastics to hydrocarbon fuels, researchers reported April 15 during the American Chemical Society meeting. EMBARGOED: 5 p.m. EST, Tuesday, April 15, 1997
The pollution control system in the United States is fragmented and inefficient, targetting the wrong problems, and lacking in all kinds of information needed for effective decisionmaking, according to a report released today by Resources for the Future. The report describes and evaluates the nine major federal environmental laws, the administrative decisionmaking system at the Environmental Protection Agency, and the federal-state division of labor that are the main elements of U.S. environmental policy. It is based on a comprehensive three-year examination of the pollution regulatory system, the first systematic evaluation of the nation's pollution control efforts to date.
Media representatives are invited to attend the AAN Annual Meeting April 12-19 in Boston. Following are some of the studies that will be presented: 1) Smoking Increases Risk of Dementia 2) Estrogen Replacement Therapy Tied to Reduced Risk of Alzheimer's Disease 3) Pallidotomy Improves Verbal Memory for Parkinson's Patients
News from AAN Annual Meeting April 12-19: 1) Drug Improves Productivity by 50 Percent for Migraine Sufferers. Embargoed until April 15, 1996; 2) For Immediate Release: AAN Participates in Second Annual Brain Awareness Week, March 17-23
Zapping a cancer patient's tumor with ultrasound increases the tumor's vulnerability to chemotherapy, according to Dr. Mark Bednarski, a visiting professor/scholar at Stanford University School of Medicine,
The aroma of brewed coffee could have some of the same beneficial health effects that you get from eating fruits and vegetables, according to Dr. Takayuki Shibamoto of the University of California, Davis.
The familiar RDA (recommended dietary allowance) numbers that are the basis for nutrition labels are under review and may be revised.
Researchers at the Johns Hopkins Oncology Center and the Department of Urology have confirmed successful activation of patients' immune systems in one of the first human trials of a genetically engineered cancer vaccine. Their findings, reported in the April 15, 1997, issue of Cancer Research, are the result of more than eight years of laboratory, animal and preclinical human studies.
Novel techniques developed by Boston University researchers that allow computer users to assess the performance of their link to the Internet have been incorporated into Net.Medic, a new consumer software product which is being released today by VitalSigns Software, Inc. of Santa Clara, Calif. Embargoed: Monday, April 14, 1997 8 am EDT
SAN FRANCISCO, CA--New information, based on molecular-scale studies of different metals in soils, may help environmental engineers immobilize these contaminants more effectively, University of Delaware researchers reported April 14 during the American Chemical Society meeting. At the soil's surface, key industrial metals including nickel, copper, chromium, cobalt and zinc--but not lead--form mixed metal compounds that dramatically diminish their mobility in the natural environment, says Donald L. Sparks. EMBARGOED: 11:00 a.m. EST, Monday, April 14, 1997
University of Delaware research might someday help computer companies "grow" next-generation semiconductors faster while also achieving greater control over material properties, chemist Douglas J. Doren reported April 14 during the American Chemical Society meeting. EMBARGOED: 4 p.m. EST, Monday, April 14, 1997
New research shows that fish in the Antarctic and Arctic oceans, at opposite ends of the earth, independently evolved nearly identical antifreeze glycoproteins.
Using a specially prepared chemical "key," University of Delaware researchers have set the stage to unlock the secrets of five unique compounds derived from red sea algae, according to an April 14 presentation at the American Chemical Society meeting. EMBARGOED: 9:00 a.m. PT, Monday, April 14, 1997
A material with fuel potential ten times greater than all known coal, gas, and oil reserves on the planet lies deep within the oceans or in the permafrost of the arctic tundra, according to Dr. Timothy S. Collett of the United States Geological Survey
Dr. Jeffrey L. Cleland and his colleagues at Genentech in San Francisco say they are the first to develop an alternative to current vaccination practices by providing all the needed immunizations in a single shot.
APA Annual Meeting 5/17-22 in San Diego: Media Briefing Topics - 1) Barriers to Getting Psychiatric Care,2) Are We Pushing Our Kids Too Hard?,3) Managed Mental Health Care seminar - each featuring panels of expert psychiatrists as presenters.
UC Santa Cruz news tips, American Chemical Society meeting: antibiotic- RNA interactions, active compounds from marine sponges, clues about aggregation of partially folded proteins.
ARS News Service Tip Sheet for April 12, 1997: 1- Biocontrol Duo Gang up on Armyworms; 2- Snap Beans Fingered as Calcium Source for Youths; 3- Dieters' Responses Slowed in Study; 4- Berry Good Food for the Brain; 5- Too Little Magnesium Makes One Work Harder.
University of Delaware researchers at the American Chemical Society's 213th national meeting April 13-17 will describe: 1- immobilizing metal contaminants in soils, 2- unlocking the secrets of natural compounds derived from red sea algae, 3- improving the "growth" of computer chips from chemical vapors, 4- new catalysts for oxidizing fuels and plastics, and 5- educational strategies to help science teachers interact effectively with both girls and boys. EMBARGOED: Monday, April 14, 1997
A group of Bell Laboratories scientists have developed a 193-nanometer single-layer photoresist that will support the manufacture of integrated circuits with features just 0.13 microns wide. The scientists, reporting to the 213th annual meeting of the American Chemical Society Meeting April 13-17, 1997 in San Francisco, discuss their investigation on the design, formulation, and processing of the resist based on alternating copolymers of cycloolefins with maleic amhydride.
Parents might want to think twice before letting their children swing on a single rope or vine in their backyards, according to a study published in the April issue of Pediatrics, the journal of the American Academy of Pediatrics.
American girls are showing signs of puberty sooner than expected, according to a new study published in Pediatrics, the journal of the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP).
To protect children from the dangers of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) calls for stricter government regulation of tobacco advertising and recommends measures aimed at creating smoke-free environments for our children.
Women who drink moderate amounts of alcohol during their first trimester of pregnancy may increase their risk of giving birth to an infant with rare kidney defects, according to a recent study published on Pediatrics electronic pages, the electronic journal of the American Academy of Pediatrics.
In the past 20 years, more 4- and 5-year-olds have become overweight, especially girls, says the first national study of overweight preschoolers.
Most young athletes with high blood pressure shouldnt be restricted from competitive sports, but they need to be monitored closely, according to the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP).
Breastfeeding has increased dramatically, with a sharp rise among women enrolled in the Women, Infants and Children (WIC) supplemental food program, according to a study published on Pediatrics electronic pages, the electronic journal of the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP).
Purdue University is demonstrating that the secret to improving manufacturing is really child's play. Two professors have developed a teaching tool from a child's toy that is helping manufacturers train employees and save money.
How can one jury set O.J. Simpson free and another find him libel for the same crime? What does one jury see and hear when it acquits the police officers who beat Rodney King while another finds them guilty? "CBS Reports" wants to know; so on Wednesday, April 16, it will run a two-hour documentary titled, "Enter the Jury Room," which follows jury deliberations in three trials in an attempt to uncover how jurors think and act. For the documentary, the news crew turned to Valerie Hans, a University of Delaware professor of criminal justice who is nationally known for her expertise on how jurors interact. She is one of the experts interviewed by Ed Bradley for Wednesday's program.
Individuals who sleep more than eight hours a night or take daytime naps are 50 percent more likely to suffer a stroke or develop heart disease, according to a study published in the April issue of the American Academy of Neurology's scientific journal, Neurology.
Cladribine, a chemotherapy drug, drastically lowered counts of a kind of white blood cell (known as a lymphocyte) in patients with chronic progressive multiple sclerosis, according to a study presented during the American Academy of Neurology's 49th Annual Meeting April 12-19 in Boston. EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE UNTIL 7:30 AM, WEDNESDAY, APRIL 16, 1997
NSF Director Neal Lane is scheduled to speak at a National Press Club (NPC) luncheon later this month. The event is timed to coincide with the celebration of National Science and Technology Week (April 20-26), an annual public outreach program aimed at highlighting the role of science in people's everyday lives.
One of the minor horrors of the computer age is to be working on a document not yet saved to the hard drive ìmemoryî and lose everything because of a power outage or a screen freeze-up that forces the operator to shut down the computer. Now scientists at Sandia National Laboratories and France Telecom have applied for a patent on a prototype memory-retention device that is inexpensive, low-powered, and simple to fabricate. The device, referred to as ìprotonic,î is reported in todayÃs issue of the journal Nature.
Plants have been recycling waste carbon dioxide into life-giving oxygen for as long as humans have been breathing. Now Purdue University researchers are prodding them to take the cleanup a step further - to collect heavy metals and radioactive waste from polluted water and contaminated soils.
An independent Government Accounting Office report condemning the Department of Defense program to train psychologists to prescribe medication reinforces the American Psychiatric Association's long-standing opposition to the program.
Highlights of April 12 New Scientist,
ATHENS, Ga. -- Scientists know Carolina bays are naturally occuring, shallow elliptical depressions largely fed by rain and shallow ground water. Beyond that, however, their natural history is a mystery. One researcher has identified at least 18 different theories on their origins, and new ones come along every few months. Now, researchers at the University of Georgia have found that the bacteria in the bays include species heretofore unknown to science.
The University Corporation for Atmospheric Research (UCAR) has contracted to purchase an HP Exemplar X-Class system from Hewlett-Packard. The National Center for Atmospheric Research and HP expect to develop the use of distributed shared- memory systems, such as the Exemplar, for numerical computer models employed in climate and weather prediction.
One of every three U.S. households--37 percent, or 35 million households--includes someone who has had a primary role in a new or small business, according to a first-of-its-kind study by an international research collaborative.
Two LSU professors have helped find a way for individuals to be able to exercise for longer periods of time, according to a study released today (April 9) at the Experimental Biology '97 conference in New Orleans.
People with questions about vaccinations can now call the National Immunization Information Hotline, a new toll-free service providing information about vaccine-preventable diseases and immunizations to protect against them. Hotline callers are preparing for increased calls during National Infant Immunization Week, April 20-26.
The National Science Foundation (NSF) established a program of Science and Technology Centers in 1987 to exploit new opportunities in fundamental science and technology as well as education. The centers are also designed to stimulate technology transfer and applications for various sectors of society. NSF funds 24 centers with an operating budget of more than $60 million. Below are a few samples of ongoing projects at major research institutions.
The National Science Board (NSB) has approved new criteria for evaluating funding proposals submitted to the National Science Foundation (NSF). The Board, which is the governing body of NSF, took the action at its March 28 meeting.
A Cornell University psychology experiment with moving shapes and colored strobe light shows that color composition occurs in the visual cortex of the brain, not in the eye, as was previously thought. The experiment that may confirm, once and for all, the "central synthesis" theory of human color vision.
This digest contains summaries of the following news releases 1. Purdue professors' 'toy story' saves companies money 2. Purdue professor gives casinos tool against compulsive gambling 3. Finance Experts 4. Business & Finance Briefs
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