Feature Channels: Blood

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The Stony Brook University Cerebrovascular and Stroke Center will launch Long Island’s first Mobile Stroke Unit (MSU) program

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Getting the heart pumping with aerobic exercise, like walking or cycling for 35 minutes three times a week, may improve thinking skills in older adults with cognitive impairments, according to a study published in the December 19, 2018, online issue of Neurology®, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology. After six months of exercise, study participants’ scores on thinking tests improved by the equivalent of reversing nearly nine years of aging.

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New 12-month data from the Smidt Heart Institute at Cedars-Sinai backs up an earlier study proving that a pharmacist-led, barbershop-based medical intervention can successfully lower blood pressure in high-risk African-American men. The follow-up research was published Dec. 17, 2018, in the journal Circulation.

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NIBIB-funded researchers are literally breaking barriers using ultrasound waves emitted from a flexible patch to accurately measure central blood pressure and help detect cardiovascular problems earlier.  For a while now, smart, wearable devices have had the ability to capture how many steps we take in a day or measure our heart rate, but researchers are starting to take it a step further.

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People newly diagnosed with cancer, particularly blood cancers, and those treated with chemotherapy have a greater risk of developing shingles, according to a new study in the Journal of Infectious Diseases. The findings may help guide efforts to prevent the often painful skin condition in cancer patients through the use of new vaccines. The large prospective study expands on previous research by examining the risk of shingles before and after a new cancer diagnosis and across a range of cancer types among approximately 240,000 adults in Australia from 2006 to 2015.

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Hackensack Meridian Health and the Meridian Health Foundation are pleased to announce a gift of $750,000 from the Nicola-Musso Charitable Foundation of New York, N.Y. and Carol Musso Foley of New York and Spring Lake, NJ, to be used to enhance cancer care services at Hackensack Meridian Health Jersey Shore University Medical Center and Hackensack Meridian Health Ocean Medical Center.

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Kenneth Kaushansky, MD, MACP, Senior Vice President of the Health Sciences and Dean of the Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, has been elected a Fellow of the National Academy of Inventors (NAI).

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Like people in a large company, proteins in cells constantly interact with each other to perform various jobs. To develop new disease therapies, researchers are trying to control these interactions with small-molecule drugs that cause specific proteins to associate more or less with their “coworkers.” Now, researchers reporting in ACS’ journal Analytical Chemistry have developed a method to visualize whether drugs are regulating protein–protein interactions inside cells.

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Weizmann Institute scientists Profs. Ido Amit and Amos Tanay, working with hemato-oncologists, have created a new way to profile myeloma tumor cells. The machine-learning-based technique will allow earlier and better diagnosis of the cancer, including in terms of relapse, and improve treatment.

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Mayo Clinic的研究人员开发了两种新策略，可以提高嵌合抗原受体疗法（CAR-T细胞疗法）在治疗癌症方面的效果。Mayo Clinic研究人员在圣地亚哥举行的2018年美国血液学学会年会上展示了他们的临床前研究成果。

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For people with Type 2 diabetes, testing blood sugar levels becomes part of everyday life. But a new study suggests that some of them test more often than they need to. Fourteen percent of people with Type 2 diabetes who don’t require insulin are buying enough test strips to test their blood sugar two or more times a day – when they don’t need to test nearly that frequently according to medical guidelines.

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Advocates, patients, providers, and other experts examine disparities and explore solution at the NCCN Patient Advocacy Summit on Equity in Cancer Care

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Aggressive treatment of hypertension in stroke patients could do more harm than good in the long term, according to a new study from researchers at the University of Georgia.

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NIBIB-funded researchers have created a novel, low-cost biosensor to detect HER-2, a breast cancer biomarker in the blood, allowing for a far less invasive diagnostic test than the current practice, a needle biopsy. Scientists at the Universities of Hartford and Connecticut and funded in part by NIBIB, combined microfluidic technology with diagnostics, including electrochemical sensors and biomarkers, into a powerful package that can give results in about 15 minutes.

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One isn’t just the loneliest number. It may also be the unhealthiest. New research led by Laurie Theeke in the WVU School of Nursing, suggests that loneliness can make it harder for middle-aged Appalachians to manage chronic conditions such as diabetes, obesity and high blood pressure.

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Summaries of recent Fred Hutch research with links for additional background and media contacts.

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Researchers at The Wistar Institute have developed novel synthetic DNA-encoded monoclonal antibodies (DMAbs) directed against PCSK9, a protein key to regulating cholesterol levels in the bloodstream.

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Women who experienced loss of all teeth had approximately 20 percent higher risk of developing hypertension during follow-up compared to women who still had natural teeth.

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Growing functional blood vessel networks is no easy task. Previously, other groups have made networks that span millimeters in size. But now, a University of Delaware team has grown a self-assembling, functional network of blood vessels across centimeter scales, a size relevant for human use. With continued development and refinement, the microfluidic system could be used to grow blood vessels for human tissue and organ transplants.

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Vascular surgeon Ali Azizzadeh, MD, was the first to use a newly approved, minimally invasive device to perform a series of innovative surgeries on patients with aneurysms of the aorta, the main vessel that delivers blood from the heart to the rest of the body.

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Duke Health researchers have previously shown that introducing bone marrow stem cells to a bone injury can expedite healing, but the exact process was unclear. Now, the same Duke-led team believes it has pinpointed the “youth factor” inside bone marrow stem cells -- it’s the macrophage, a type of white blood cell, and the proteins it secretes that can have a rejuvenating effect on tissue. Nature Communications will publish the findings online on Dec. 5.

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Physician-scientists from Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia presented updated efficacy and safety data on Kymriah (tisagenlecleucel) --the first-ever FDA-approved personalized CAR T-cell gene immunotherapy for aggressive blood cancers, at the American Society of Hematology annual meeting, as well as first-of-its-kind research on overcoming CAR T-cell resistance.

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Delivering gene-regulating material to cells that live deep in our bone marrow and direct the formation of blood cells. That would be a major step forward in gene therapy and a team of UD researchers has taken that step.

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Los científicos de Mayo Clinic descubrieron que un fármaco oral, el apixabán que sirve para tratar coágulos sanguíneos en los pacientes que reciben terapia oncológica, es seguro y eficaz.

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Perosphere Pharmaceuticals Inc. today announced the presentation of clinical study results demonstrating, "Ciraparantag Safely and Effectively Reverses Apixaban and Rivaroxaban in Age-matched Healthy Volunteers as Measured by Whole Blood Clotting Time," at the American Society of Hematology (ASH) annual meeting in San Diego on Monday, December 3, 2018.

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After over a decade of preclinical research and development, a new gene therapy treatment for Sickle Cell Anemia (SCA) is reversing disease symptoms in two adults and showing early potential for transportability to resource-challenged parts of the world where SCA is most common.

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SAN DIEGO — Mayo Clinic researchers have developed two new strategies that may improve the performance of chimeric antigen receptor therapy (CAR-T cell therapy) in treating cancer. They are presenting results of their preclinical research at the 2018 annual meeting of the American Society of Hematology in San Diego.

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Dana-Farber Cancer Institute scientists will present research marking significant advances against the hematologic cancer multiple myeloma at the ASH Annual Meeting.

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Improving outcomes for patients with myeloid cancers who undergo stem cell transplantation is a focus of several studies to be presented by Dana-Farber Cancer Institute scientists at the ASH Annual Meeting.

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At the 60th Annual American Society of Hematology Annual Meeting in San Diego on Monday, UNC Lineberger researchers revealed preliminary results from a clinical study of an investigational cellular immunotherapy for Hodgkin lymphoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma expressing the CD30 protein marker.

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A new study has been launched Burkina Faso for Bharat Biotech’s typhoid conjugate vaccine (TCV). It is the second clinical study underway in Africa for the vaccine and the first in West Africa.

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A new combination of three drugs that harness the body’s immune system is safe and effective, destroying most cancer cells in 95 percent of patients with recurrent Hodgkin lymphoma, according to the results of an early-phase study.

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SAN DIEGO — Mayo Clinic researchers have found that an oral drug, apixaban, used to treat blood clots in patients undergoing cancer therapy, is safe and effective. The drug was associated with fewer major bleeding events and fewer recurrent blood clots, compared to low-molecular- weight heparin. Their findings were presented at the annual meeting of the American Society of Hematology by Robert McBane II M.D., a Mayo Clinic cardiologist.

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Following the Food and Drug Administration’s approval of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapies for the treatment of certain types of non-Hodgkin lymphomas, UC San Diego Health was the first medical center in San Diego to be certified to offer this type of immunotherapy outside of a clinical trial.

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Researchers at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSK) reported results from a new study that looks at the likelihood of complications for people undergoing bone marrow transplants (BMTs). The observational study found that people with lower gut microbiota diversity before having a transplant appear to be at higher risk for developing complications. These findings further support evidence that the connection between microbiota and outcomes starts before people begin the transplantation process. These findings were presented as part of the 2018 annual meeting of the American Society of Hematology (ASH) press program.

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New results from clinical trials of immunotherapy and experimental targeted agents for patients with leukemia and lymphoma are being presented by Dana-Farber Cancer Institute researchers at the ASH Annual Meeting.

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A new article published today in The Lancet Oncology shows 39 percent of large B cell lymphoma patients treated with the chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy (CAR T) Yescarta® (axicabtagene ciloleucel) remained in remission more than two years (27.1 months median follow up) following therapy, and more than half of the patients treated remain alive. The new long-term safety and activity results of the ZUMA-1 clinical trial were also presented Sunday, Dec. 2 at the American Society of Hematology Annual Meeting in San Diego.

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A follow-up analysis of patients enrolled in a Phase I/II multi-center trial for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) reported 51 percent of patients receiving an anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR T) called axi-cel were still alive two years post-treatment. The study, co-led by Sattva Neelapu, M.D., professor of Lymphoma & Myeloma at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, reported its findings in the Dec. 2 online issue of The Lancet Oncology and during a presentation at the 60th American Society of Hematology Annual Meeting & Exposition in San Diego.

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New drugs that harness the body’s immune system to destroy cancer cells appear to increase the effectiveness of later drug therapies for non-Hodgkin and Hodgkin lymphoma patients, new research suggests. This happens, scientists say, even for repeat drug therapies whose initial attempts failed to stop or reverse the disease.

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Moffitt Cancer Center partnered with 16 academic cancer centers to analyze real world data of 274 patients treated commercially with Yescarta® (axicabtagene ciloleucel), one of two CAR T products that is now standard of care for patients with diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) who have not responded to two or more therapies. The researchers then compared those figures with results from the pivotal ZUMA-1 trial, which included 101 patients.

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Systems biology analyses by Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey researchers examining drug resistance to a common antibody therapy for non-Hodgkin lymphoma suggest calcium signaling may have an influence in addressing this treatment obstacle.

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An international phase-2 trial of a CAR-T cell therapy—to be published on-line Dec. 1 in the New England Journal of Medicine (and presented at the ASH annual meeting in San Diego)—found that 52% of patients responded favorably to the therapy; 40% had a complete response and 12% had a partial response. One year later, 65% of those patients were relapse-free, including 79% of complete responders. The median progression-free survival “has not been reached.”

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A daily hydroxyurea pill may bring relief for children living with the painful and deadly blood disease sickle cell anemia (SCA) in resource-challenged sub-Saharan Africa, where the disease is prevalent and health care is suboptimal. This is what a multinational clinical trial called REACH discovered when it tested daily hydroxyurea treatment in 606 children between the ages of 1 and 10 years old. Study data are published in the New England Journal of Medicine.

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A new study led by researchers at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC) investigated rates of bloodstream infection among patients with or without catheters in outpatient hemodialysis facilities in New England.

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A monthly roundup of research briefs showcasing recent scientific advances led by Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center faculty.

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The PhRMA Foundation awarded more than $6 million over the last two years to more than 100 leaders in scientific research in the United States. The Foundation is proud to announce another successful year supporting innovative research efforts in areas of great importance: Alzheimer’s Disease, Melanoma, Parkinson’s Disease, Schizophrenia, Breast Cancer, Lung Cancer, Leukemia, Ulcerative Colitis, Vascular Disease, and Colorectal Cancer. This year the Foundation also funded two Centers of Excellence in Value Assessment.

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Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) is a rare disease with overlapping features of two categories of bone marrow and blood cell disorders that poses challenges in clinical management. Joint recommendations on diagnosis and treatment of CMML from two European specialty societies were published today in HemaSphere, the official journal of the European Hematology Association (EHA). The journal is published in the Lippincott portfolio by Wolters Kluwer.

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Kola Jegede, MD, a Brooklyn native, has joined NYU Langone Hospital–Brooklyn with the hope of giving back to his home borough as an orthopedic spine surgeon who can relieve pain and improve his patients’ quality of life.