“Our research looked at 14,105 cases of ACL reconstruction, including cases with bone-patellar tendon-bone autografts, hamstring autografts, and soft tissue allografts,” noted lead author Gregory B. Maletis, MD, from Kaiser Permanente in Baldwin Park, California. “Compared to bone-patellar tendon-bone autografts, allografts processed with <1.8Mrads irradiation had a more than 2 times higher risk of revision, and grafts processed with > 1.8Mrads or high pressure chemical processing had a more than 4-6 times higher risk of revision. This was true even after adjustments for age, gender, and race.”
Data for the study was collected from the Kaiser Permanente ACLR Registry. Of the cases analyzed, 4,557 (32.5%) involved bone-patellar tendon-bone autografts, 3,751 (26.8%) soft tissue allograft, and 5,707 (40.7%) hamstring allograft. After a 3-year follow-up, the overall revision rates were 2.5% for BPTP, 3.5% for hamstring autografts, and 3.7% for soft tissue allografts. A time dependent relationship was identified with more highly processed allografts undergoing revision at earlier time frames than less processed allografts. Non-processed soft tissue allografts were not found to have a statistically significantly different risk of revision compared to BPTB autografts.
“Our research showed that when soft tissue allografts were used, those processed with chemicals or irradiation had an increased risk of revision surgery when compared to bone-patellar tendon-bone autografts,” Maletis commented. “These points should be considered by surgeons when shaping surgical decisions to ensure the best possible recovery and future health of patients.”
The American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine (AOSSM) is a world leader in sports medicine education, research, communication and fellowship, and includes national and international orthopaedic sports medicine leaders. The Society works closely with many other sports medicine specialists, including athletic trainers, physical therapists, family physicians, and others to improve the identification, prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation of sports injuries. AOSSM is also a founding partner of the STOP Sports Injuries campaign to prevent overuse and traumatic injuries in kids.
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