Researchers at Duke Health have identified a potential new avenue for treating Pompe disease, a rare condition caused by the build-up of glycogen, a storage form of sugar, in cardiac and skeletal muscle, the liver and other tissues, due to deficiency of a particular enzyme.
With an estimated 500,000 visitors and 15,000 athletes due to visit Rio de Janeiro for the 2016 Summer Olympics, there has been a lot of talk about the danger the Zika virus poses to public health.
With mosquito season upon us, here are some facts about how the Zika virus is transmitted so you can take the necessary precautions to protect yourself and stay healthy during your summer travels.
A team of researchers led by the University of Maryland, School of Public Health’s Dr. Mona Mittal, conducted an integrated HIV risk reduction intervention for a racially diverse group of economically-disadvantaged women with histories of intimate partner violence (IPV). This intervention resulted in a decrease in unprotected sex and an increase in safer sex communication among its participants. It is one of the few interventions to address the association between gender-based violence and risk of HIV acquisition among women.
Most people don’t think of fungal infections as deadly – they are generally viewed as annoyances – athlete’s foot, for instance. But for many weakened patients in the hospital, fungal infections can be life threatening. Now, a new study has provided insights into one of these microbes, the Mucorales fungi, which can cause fatal infections.
University of Georgia ecologists are leading a global effort to predict where new infectious diseases are likely to emerge. In a paper in Ecology Letters, they describe how macroecology—the study of ecological patterns and processes across broad scales of time and space—can provide insights about disease.
With the Olympic Torch Run on day 80 of 95 on its way to Rio, this summer’s Olympic Games have already shaped up to be an incredibly dramatic event with political overthrows, violence in the city’s favelas, fears about rio’s water quality and the ever present threat of the Zika virus, all of which have somewhat overshadowed enthusiasm for the games themselves and have left some calling to have the games cancelled.
A better understanding of HIV latency is the key to eradicating the virus researchers at the University of North Carolina and partner institutions write in a perspective in the journal Science.
Research published today in the journal, Nature Communications, provides new insights into the evolution of Mucorales fungi, which cause a fatal infection in ever-increasing segments of patient population, and several molecular pathways that might be exploited as potential therapeutic or diagnostic targets.
Researchers from UT Southwestern Medical Center have identified a new way that tuberculosis bacteria get into the body, revealing a potential therapeutic angle to explore
To support a coordinated, innovative approach to the development of an AIDS vaccine, Texas Biomedical Research Institute scientists, together with an international coalition of experts, have received a grant for $23 million from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) of the National Institutes of Health. The goal of this program is to establish a vaccine approach that targets a frontline defense at the mucosa, while generating backup immune responses in the blood and tissues.
A short video that gives people essential information on ways to protect themselves against mosquito-borne illnesses at home and abroad has been produced by Upstate Medical University and the Onondaga County Health Department. The video is available for viewing on the Upstate and Health Department social media networks.
In a new study, scientists at The Scripps Research Institute have identified drug candidates that can boost a cell’s ability to catch the “typos” in protein production that can cause a deadly disease called amyloidosis, revealing a new approach to intervene in human disease.
TAMPA, Fla. (July 20, 2016) - University of South Florida researchers investigating the aftermath of a September, 2014 sewer line break in St. Petersburg, Florida, have found dangerous antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the untreated wastewater that gushed into neighborhoods and into Boca Ciega Bay at a rate of 250 to 500 gallons per minute.
The process cells use to secrete chemicals also appears to be the way to clear urinary tract infections, or UTIs, according to a study by researchers from Duke Health and Duke-National University of Singapore.
The two teams will receive a total of more than $5 million to study immune defense mechanisms in the intestine.
The first steps towards developing a vaccine against an insidious sexual transmitted infection (STI) have been accomplished by researchers at McMaster University.
Cedars-Sinai scientists are seeking to build an improved stem-cell model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) to accelerate progress toward a cure for the devastating neurological disorder. Their findings demonstrate that current models can be enhanced by the aging of motor neurons to show how ALS damages cells later in life.
Intranasal flu vaccines may be able to provide long-lasting protection against pandemic flu strains, according to a new study from immunologists at Columbia University Medical Center.
A study led by Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis has identified a genetic error that weakens the aorta, placing patients with this and similar errors at high risk of aortic aneurysms and ruptures. The findings will help diagnose, monitor and treat patients with aortic disease not caused by well-known conditions, such as Marfan syndrome and other genetic mutations known to disrupt connective tissues.
Saint Louis University scientists are studying an investigational vaccine to protect against Zika's deadly cousin, which also is spread by Aedes mosquitoes.
Researchers have discovered a regulatory system in the ulcer- and stomach cancer-causing bacteria, Helicobacter pylori, that can control the formation of biofilm – a “fortress-like” cluster of cells that can become resistant to antibiotics and cause major medical problems.
Fungal infections pose a major threat to hospital patients and have proven difficult to combat, but scientists have unlocked evidence that could lead to more effective treatment.
No one knows for sure how they got there. But the discovery that bacteria that normally live in the gut can be detected in the lungs of critically ill people and animals could mean a lot for intensive care patients.
Scientists at the Institute of Molecular Biotechnology (IMBA) and the Max F. Perutz Laboratories (MFPL) in Vienna have discovered a new way to turn the immune system’s weapons against fungal invaders. This knowledge could lead to the development of new and improved anti-fungal treatments.
The NIH recently awarded UAB $11.5 million to support studies that will assess treatment of babies born with congenital cytomegalovirus but no symptoms, and frequency of neonatal herpes infections in the United States and Peru.
A team of Israeli researchers has discovered that mutations in STN1, a gene that helps maintain the ends of chromosomes, cause the rare, inherited disorder Coats plus syndrome. The study, “Mutations in STN1 cause Coats plus syndrome and are associated with genomic and telomere defects,” will be published online ahead of issue July 18 in The Journal of Experimental Medicine.
Anti-HIV medications suppress the viral load of people living with HIV and provide durable protection against heterosexual transmission a study led by the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill found. Researchers found a 93 percent reduction of HIV transmission when the HIV-infected person started antiretroviral therapy or ART at a higher CD4 cell count.
Researchers from the UCLA AIDS Institute and Center for AIDS Research found that recently discovered potent antibodies can be used to generate a specific type of cell called chimeric antigen receptors, or CARs, that can be used to kill cells infected with HIV-1.
In the July 14 edition of Scientific Reports (Nature), 39 researchers from 14 leading institutions in the United States, United Kingdom and France suggest novel approaches that could hasten the development of better medications for people suffering from toxoplasmosis.
Prisoners and detainees worldwide have higher burdens of HIV, viral hepatitis and tuberculosis than the communities from which they come, and the regular cycling of infected people in and out of incarceration is worsening the epidemics both inside and outside of prison, new Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health-led research suggests.
• Red meat intake was strongly associated with an increased risk of kidney failure among Chinese adults in Singapore who were followed for an average of 15.5 years. • No association was found with intakes of poultry, fish, eggs, or dairy products, while soy and legumes appeared to be slightly protective.
The atomic structure of an elusive cold virus linked to severe asthma and respiratory infections in children has been solved by a team of researchers at the University of Wisconsin–Madison and Purdue University. The findings provide the foundation for future antiviral drug and vaccine development against the virus, rhinovirus C.
A recent spate of unexpected mosquito-borne disease outbreaks – most recently the Zika virus, which has swept through parts of the Americas – have highlighted the need to better understand the development and spread of little-known diseases and for new strategies to control them, a new review by Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health researchers suggests.
Dietary restriction, or limited food intake without malnutrition, has beneficial effects on longevity in many species, including humans. A new study from the Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute (SBP), published today in PLoS Genetics, represents a major advance in understanding how dietary restriction leads to these advantages. Using the small roundworm C. elegans as a model, scientists showed that autophagy in the intestine is critical for lifespan extension.
Researchers identify bat species most likely to carry filoviruses and map hotspots for disease surveillance and virus discovery efforts.
University of Alabama at Birmingham researchers report a new quality-control checkpoint function in developing B cells, cells that produce antibodies to protect the body from pathogens.
The recent emergence of bacterial infections that are resistant to many existing antibiotics is driving an urgent need for tools to quickly identify the small number of therapies that are still effective for individual patients. Currently, multi-drug resistant bacteria often must be sent to specialized laboratories for analysis, leading to several days of delay before results can guide therapy. Now investigators at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC) have developed a simple and versatile method using inkjet printing technology to test such bacteria for susceptibility to antibiotics in a clinical setting. The method, already available online, is described in the September issue of the Journal of Clinical Microbiology.
As delegates gather in Durban, South Africa from July 19th to the 22nd for the 21st International AIDS Conference (2016), leading researchers from Columbia University’s Mailman School of Public Health are available to evaluate pioneering studies emerging in HIV prevention and treatment, stigma, ethical issues, and minority health, and comment on the major issues facing the global response to HIV. In Durban, ICAP is convening a pre-meeting event on July 16th-17th titled Nursing HIV 2016 on the state of nursing and global HIV and led by Dr. Susan Michaels-Strasser. For more details email: [email protected]
A new study has found that neither gay men nor heterosexual people with HIV transmit the virus to their partner, provided they are on suppressive antiretroviral treatment.
Fecal transplants are increasingly being used to treat certain human illnesses and there is a major upsurge in animal experiments involving fecal material.
A Vanderbilt research team has identified some of the methods that allow mutant mitochondrial DNA to act selfishly by circumventing the mechanisms that cells use to regulate mitochondrial activity.
In a study appearing in the July 12 issue of JAMA, an HIV/AIDS theme issue, Lisa R. Metsch, Ph.D., of Columbia University, New York, and colleagues assessed the effect of structured patient navigation (care coordination with case management) interventions with or without financial incentives to improve HIV-l viral suppression rates among hospitalized patients with elevated HIV-1 viral loads and substance use.
In a report appearing in the July 12 issue of JAMA, an HIV/AIDS theme issue, Huldrych F. Gunthard, M.D., of University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland, and colleagues with the International Antiviral Society-USA panel, updated recommendations for the use of antiretroviral therapy in adults with established HIV infection, including when to start treatment, initial regimens, and changing regimens, along with recommendations for using antiretroviral drugs for preventing HIV among those at risk, including preexposure and postexposure prevention.
UNC Health Care and the UNC School of Medicine have launched a tool for media to request interviews with experts and researchers at the forefront of the global Zika research initiative.
A new study reports on a medical imaging drink that is made of concentrated chlorophyll, the pigment that makes spinach green. It is being developed to diagnose and treat gastrointestinal illnesses.
A deadly bacteria that can be picked up by a simple sniff can travel to the brain and spinal cord in just 24 hours, a new Griffith University and Bond University study has found.
A team of scientists has developed a system that can forecast the outbreak of dengue fever by simply analyzing the calling behavior of citizens to a public-health hotline. This telephone-based disease surveillance system can forecast two to three weeks ahead of time, and with intra-city granularity, the outbreak of dengue fever, a mosquito-borne virus that infects up to 400,000 people each year.
Using a new tool, researchers can study localized reactive oxygen species signals that control mitochondrial function in health and disease.
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