NANOTECHNOLOGY ADVANCES COULD PAVE WAY FOR IMPLANTABLE ARTIFICIAL KIDNEYHighlights• New advances in nanopore technology could lead to the development of a surgically implantable, artificial kidney.• The research, a collaboration between UCSF and Vanderbilt University, was presented at ASN Kidney Week 2015 November 3–8 at the San Diego Convention Center in San Diego, CA.
Newswise — San Diego, CA (November 9, 2015) — Research that could lead to the development of a surgically implantable, artificial kidney, was presented at ASN Kidney Week 2015 November 3–8 at the San Diego Convention Center in San Diego, CA. Advances in nanofilter technology were produced in collaboration between investigators from UCSF and Vanderbilt University. The research recently received a new $6 million grant through the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering’s Quantum Program.
A surgically implantable, artificial kidney could be a promising alternative to kidney transplantation or dialysis for people with end stage renal disease (ESRD). Currently, more than 20 million Americans have kidney diseases, and more than 600,000 patients are receiving treatment for ESRD. U.S. government statistics indicate kidney care costs the U.S. health care system $40 billion annually, accounting for more than 6 percent of Medicare spending.
“We aim to conduct clinical trials on an implantable, engineered organ in this decade, and we are coordinating our efforts with both the NIH and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration,” said Shuvo Roy, PhD, a UC San Francisco bioengineer who led the research together with Vanderbilt University nephrologist William Fissell, MD.Roy is the technical director of The Kidney Project at UCSF, a multi-institutional collaboration that has prototyped and begun testing key components of the coffee-cup-sized device, which mimics functions of the human kidney.
One component of the new artificial kidney is a silicon nanofilter to remove toxins, salts, some small molecules, and water from the blood. Roy’s research team designed it based on manufacturing methods used in the production of semiconductor electronics and microelectromechanical systems. The new silicon nanofilters offer several advantages — including more uniform pore size — over filters now used in dialysis machines, according to Roy. The silicon nanofilter is designed to function on blood pressure alone and without a pump or electrical power.Fissell, associate professor in the Department of Medicine at Vanderbilt and medical director for The Kidney Project, said the project’s goal is to create a permanent solution to the scarcity problem in organ transplantation. “We are increasing the options for people with chronic kidney disease who would otherwise be forced onto dialysis,” Fissell added.
The artificial kidney being developed by Roy and Fissell is designed to be connected internally to the patient’s blood supply and bladder and implanted near the patient’s own kidneys, which are not removed. Along with Roy at UCSF and Fissell at Vanderbilt, a national team of scientists and engineers at universities and small businesses are working toward making the implantable artificial kidney available to patients.
In September the project was designated for inclusion in the FDA’s new Expedited Access Pathway program to speed development, evaluation, and review of medical devices that meet major unmet needs in fighting life-threatening or irreversibly debilitating diseases.
Studies: “Extracorporeal Diffusive Clearance of Silicon Nanopore Membranes in a Pumpless Porcine Blood Circuit” (Abstract FR-PO365); Hemofilter Design Based on Computational Simulations of Pulsatile Flow (Abstract FR-PO366); Enhanced Middle Molecule Clearance by a Biomimetic Dialyzer Membrane (Abstract FR-PO373);Anti-Fouling of Silicon Nanopore Membranes Using SLIPS (Abstract FR-PO374); Substrate Stiffness Regulates Renal Epithelial Cell Cilia Formation via Autocrine TGFβ Signaling (Abstract FR-PO401).
Disclosures: Roy and Fissell have ownership in Silicon Kidney, a start-up company that will advance the commercialization of silicon membrane technology. Additional disclosure information is available at www.asn-online.org/education/kidneyweek/2015/program-faculty.aspx.
ASN Kidney Week 2015, the largest nephrology meeting of its kind, provided a forum for more than 13,000 professionals to discuss the latest findings in kidney health research and engage in educational sessions related to advances in the care of patients with kidney and related disorders. Kidney Week 2015 took place November 3–8, 2015, in San Diego, CA.The content of this article does not reflect the views or opinions of The American Society of Nephrology (ASN). Responsibility for the information and views expressed therein lies entirely with the author(s). ASN does not offer medical advice. All content in ASN publications is for informational purposes only, and is not intended to cover all possible uses, directions, precautions, drug interactions, or adverse effects. This content should not be used during a medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. Please consult your doctor or otherqualified health care provider if you have any questions about a medical condition, or before taking any drug, changing your diet or commencing or discontinuing any course of treatment. Do not ignore or delay obtaining professional medical advice because of information accessed through ASN. Call 911 or your doctor for all medical emergencies.Founded in 1966, and with nearly 16,000 members, the American Society of Nephrology (ASN) leads the fight against kidney disease by educating health professionals, sharing new knowledge, advancing research, and advocating the highest quality care for patients.
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